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{{Short description|Genre in Hindustani classical music}}
{{Use British English|date=September 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2026}}

'''Rampur–Sahaswan gharana''' is a [[gharana]] (musical heritage) of [[Hindustani classical music]] centred in the North-[[Uttar Pradesh]] towns of [[Rampur, Uttar Pradesh|Rampur]] and [[Sahaswan]].

Ustad [[Inayat Hussain Khan]] (1849–1919) was the founder of this gharana.<ref name=ITC>{{cite web|url=http://www.itcsra.org/sra_story/sra_story_guru/sra_story_guru_links/sra_story_guru_gharana/gharana.asp?gharanaid=5 |archive-date=23 May 2012|access-date=3 January 2024|url-status=dead|title=Inayat Hussain Khan - Founder of Rampur-Sahaswan gharana (profile)|website=ITC Sangeet Research Academy website|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120523232017/http://www.itcsra.org/sra_story/sra_story_guru/sra_story_guru_links/sra_story_guru_gharana/gharana.asp?gharanaid=5}}</ref>

==History==
The gharana finds its origins in Mehboob Khan, the chief [[khayal]] singer in the royal court of [[Rampur State]] (in present [[Uttar Pradesh]]), his tradition was followed by his son [[Inayat Hussain Khan]] (1849–1919) and in turn by Inyat's brothers-in-law, [[Haider Khan (singer)|Haider Khan]] (1857–1927), Ustad Fida Hussain Khan and Padma Bhushan [[Mushtaq Hussain Khan|Ustad Mushtaq Hussain Khan]] (1878–1964; first recipient of the Padma Bhushan Award), thus all the singers were connected with each other, and the gharana was named after their ancestral place, [[Sahaswan]], in present [[Badaun district]]. Amongst the most famous and relevant vocalists of the Gharana are [[Mushtaq Hussain Khan]], [[Nisar Hussain Khan]], [[Ghulam Mustafa Khan (singer)|Ghulam Mustafa Khan]], [[Ghulam Sadiq Khan]] and [[Rashid Khan (musician)|Rashid Khan]].<ref name=ITC/>

[[Inayat Hussain Khan]] was a child prodigy.{{citation needed|date=April 2026}} He first married the daughter of Haddu Khan of the [[Gwalior gharana]].{{citation needed|date=April 2026}}

==Singing style==
The Rampur-Sahaswan gayaki (style of singing) is closely related to the [[Gwalior Gharana]],<ref name=ITC/> which features medium-slow tempos, a full-throated voice and intricate rhythmic play. The gharana style is also known for the diversity and intricacy of the [[taan (music)|taan]]s (rapidfire elaborations), as well as [[tarana]] singing.

Renowned singers of this gharana include the first and, perhaps the foremost disciple of [[Inayat Hussain Khan]], Haider Khan. Khan and his family played a vital role in taking forward the legacy of this illustrious family. His son Fida Hussain Khan and his grandson Nisar Hussain Khan continued the tradition.<ref name=ITC/>

Nisar Hussain Khan was a teacher whose disciples include vocalists [[Ghulam Mustafa Khan (singer)|Ghulam Mustafa Khan]], Rashid Khan, [[Hafeez Ahmed Khan]]. [[Mushtaq Hussain Khan]] was a disciple of Haider Khan and was later groomed by Inayat Hussain Khan. He was the recipient of the first [[Padma Bhushan]] award in singing.

The gharana is represented by two interrelated families - the direct descendants of Inayat Hussain Khan and his other relatives and disciples.

In 2006, Dr [[Sakuntala Narasimhan]], herself a disciple of Hafeez Ahmed Khan, published a book on the Rampur–Sahaswan gharana titled ''The Splendour of Rampur-Sahaswan Gharana''.<ref>{{cite news |title=Notes from another time: Sakuntala Narasimhan's book on the Rampur-Sahaswan gharana captures the cultural history of a period |url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2006/09/16/stories/2006091601060300.htm |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130629104627/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2006/09/16/stories/2006091601060300.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=29 June 2013 |date=16 September 2006 |newspaper=The Hindu newspaper |access-date=3 January 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Quietly fading into oblivion|author=S. Kashif Ali|url=http://www.hindu.com/fr/2009/05/29/stories/2009052950100200.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090829121304/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2009/05/29/stories/2009052950100200.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=29 August 2009 |date=29 May 2009 |newspaper=The Hindu newspaper|access-date=3 January 2023}}</ref>

==Exponents==
===19th Century===


* [[Haider Khan (singer)|Haider Khan]] (1857-1927), son and disciple of Ali Bux Khan.
* [[Inayat Hussain Khan]] (1849–1919), son and disciple of Mehboob Khan Bakhsh and Haddu Khan of [[Gwalior Gharana|Gwalior]].
* [[Mushtaq Hussain Khan]] (1878–1964), son and disciple of Kallan Khan. Also learned from older brother, Ashiq Hussain Khan, father-in-law Inayat Hussain Khan.

===20th Century===


* [[Arun Bhaduri]] (1943-2018), disciple of Ishtiaq Hussain Khan.
* [[Sulochana Brahaspati]] (born 1937), disciple of Mushtaq Hussain Khan.
* [[Naina Devi]] (1917-1993), disciple of Mushtaq Hussain Khan.
* [[Bhimsen Joshi]] (1922-2011), disciple of Mushtaq Hussain Khan. More associated with [[Kirana Gharana]].
* [[Ghulam Abid Khan]], son and disciple of Mushtaq Hussain Khan.
* [[Ghulam Hussain Khan]] (born 1936), son and disciple of Mushtaq Hussain Khan.
* [[Ghulam Mustafa Khan (singer)|Ghulam Mustafa Khan]] (1931-2021), son and disciple of Waris Hussain Khan. Also learned from father-in-law, Mushtaq Hussain Khan.
* [[Ghulam Sadiq Khan]], son and disciple of Ghulam Jaffar Khan. Son-in-law and disciple of Mushtaq Hussain Khan.
* [[Hafeez Ahmed Khan]] (1926-2006), son and disciple of Rashid Ahmed Khan. Also learned from Mushtaq Hussain Khan.
* [[Nisar Hussain Khan]] (1906–1993), son and disciple of Fida Hussain Khan.
* [[Shanno Khurana]] (born 1927), disciple of Mushtaq Hussain Khan.
* [[Sumati Mutatkar]] (1916-2007), disciple of Mushtaq Hussain Khan.

===21st Century===


* [[Tushar Dutta]] (born 1969), disciple of Arun Bhaduri.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==
* {{cite book |title=The Lost World of Hindustani Music |author=Kumar Pradas Mukherji |publisher=Penguin Books India |year=2006|isbn=0143061992}}
* {{cite book |title=The splendour of Rampur-sahaswan gharana of Hindustani music, its evolution, history, characteristics and compositions|author=Sakuntala Narasimhan |publisher=Veenapani Centre for Arts |year=2006|url=http://www.dkagencies.com/doc/from/1063/to/1123/bkId/DK55465233767439487726331371/details.html|access-date=2021-01-12}}
* {{cite book |title=Mushtaq Hussain Khan |author=Naina Ripjit Singh (Naina Devi) |author-link=Naina Devi (singer)|publisher=Sangeet Natak Akademi |year=1964}}
* {{cite book |title=Khyāl: Creativity Within North India's Classical Music Tradition|author=Bonnie C Wade|publisher=Cambridge University Press Archive |year= 1984|isbn=0521256593 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MiE9AAAAIAAJ&dq=Rampur-Sahaswan+gharana&pg=PA136 |ref= Wa}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120523232017/http://www.itcsra.org/sra_story/sra_story_guru/sra_story_guru_links/sra_story_guru_gharana/gharana.asp?gharanaid=5 Rampur Sahaswan Gharana] at [[ITC Sangeet Research Academy]] - Archived


{{DEFAULTSORT:Rampur-Sahaswan Gharana}}
[[Category:Vocal gharanas]]
[[Category:Rampur, Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Music of Uttar Pradesh]]

Rampur–Sahaswan gharana - Revision history

Amit raj: article