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{{Short description|Chilli variety grown in Tamil Nadu, India}}
{{Infobox cultivar
| image = Ramanathapuram Mundu chilli.jpg
| image_caption =
| species = ''[[Capsicum annuum]]''
| origin = [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]]
| module = {{Infobox pepper
|embed = yes
|heat =
|scoville = 17,500<ref>{{cite news |last1=Thanaraj |first1=M. S. |title=Ramnad 'mundu' chilli to spice up the global market |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2024/Mar/29/ramnad-mundu-chilli-to-spice-up-the-global-market#:~:text=The%20Ramanathapuram%20mundu%20is%20well,history%20of%20over%20200%20years. |access-date=23 October 2024 |work=The New Indian Express |date=29 March 2024 |language=en}}</ref>
}}
}}

The '''Ramanathapuram Mundu chilli''' is a variety of dry red [[chili pepper|chilli]] mainly grown in [[Ramanathapuram district]], of the [[State of India|Indian state]] of [[Tamil Nadu]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Thanaraj |first1=M. S. |title=Ramanathapuram Mundu chilli to be conferred GI tag |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2023/Feb/26/ramanathapuram-mundu-chilli-to-be-conferred-gi-tag-2550955.html |access-date=23 October 2024 |work=The New Indian Express |date=26 February 2023 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Rose |first1=Beulah |title='Ramanathapuram 'mundu chilli' farmers must tap warehouse facilities to get right price' |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Madurai/ramanathapuram-mundu-chilli-farmers-must-tap-warehouse-facilities-to-get-right-price/article67907377.ece |access-date=23 October 2024 |work=The Hindu |date=2 March 2024 |language=en-IN}}</ref> It is primarily grown in the Ramanathapuram district's [[Tiruvadanai taluk|Tiruvadanai]], [[Mudukulathur taluk|Mudukulathur]], [[Kadaladi taluk|Kadaladi]], [[R. S. Mangalam|RS Mangalam]] and [[Kamuthi taluk|Kamuthi]] taluks.<ref>{{cite news |title=Tamil Nadu's Ramnad Mundu Chillies, Vellore Spiny Brinjal Awarded GI Label {{!}} What It Means |url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/tamil-nadus-ramnad-mundu-chillies-ramnad-mundu-chillies-awarded-gi-label-what-this-means-7178521.html |access-date=23 October 2024 |work=News18 |date=27 February 2023 |language=en}}</ref>

==Name==
It is named after its place of origin, the district of Ramnathapuram and has been cultivated in the district for over 200 years while the word Mundu in [[Tamil language]] translates to ‘fat and round’.<ref>{{cite book |last1=McCulloch |first1=Mitch |title=The Seed Hunter: Discover the World's Most Unusual Heirloom Plants |date=3 October 2024 |publisher=Dorling Kindersley Limited |isbn=978-0-241-72254-1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QEMFEQAAQBAJ&dq=Ramnad+Mundu+chilli&pg=PT261 |access-date=11 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Kisan World |date=1983 |publisher=Sakthi Sugars, Limited |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3kRQAAAAYAAJ&q=Ramanathapuram+Mundu+chilli |access-date=11 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Indian Arecanut, Spices & Cocoa Journal |date=1977 |publisher=Directorate of Cocoa, Arecanut & Spices Development |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-s5GAAAAYAAJ&q=Ramanathapuram+Mundu+chilli |access-date=11 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref>

===Local name===
It is also popularly known as Ramnad Mundu Chilli as during the British period till 1947 this district was known by the name "The [[Kingdom of Ramnad]] or Ramnad estate".<ref>{{cite news |last1=Scott |first1=D. J. Walter |title=The Royal right to celebrate Dasara in Ramnad |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/the-royal-right-to-celebrate-dasara/article19740890.ece |access-date=23 October 2024 |work=The Hindu |date=23 September 2017 |language=en-IN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=TN's Vellore spiny brinjal and Ramanathapuram mundu chilli to get GI tag |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/tns-vellore-spiny-brinjal-and-ramanathapuram-mundu-chilli-to-get-gi-tag/articleshow/98216916.cms |access-date=23 October 2024 |work=The Times of India |date=24 February 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Modern facility for storing chillies and tamarind, a boon for Ramanathapuram farmers |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Madurai/modern-facility-for-storing-chillies-and-tamarind-a-boon-for-ramanathapuram-farmers/article66777376.ece |access-date=23 October 2024 |work=The Hindu |date=25 April 2023 |language=en-IN}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Ramanathapuram District, Tamil Nadu {{!}} Land of Divinity {{!}} India |url=https://ramanathapuram.nic.in/ |publisher=Ramanathapuram District Administration |access-date=23 October 2024}}</ref>

==Description==
Ramnad mundu chillies are round and approximately the size of [[cherries]] and they tend to be milder and more flavorful.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Rombauer |first1=Irma S. |last2=Becker |first2=Marion Rombauer |last3=Becker |first3=Ethan |last4=Becker |first4=John |last5=Scott |first5=Megan |title=Joy of Cooking: Fully Revised and Updated |date=12 November 2019 |publisher=Simon and Schuster |isbn=978-1-5011-6971-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jcq2DwAAQBAJ&dq=Ramnad+Mundu+chilli&pg=PA969 |language=en}}</ref> They are used as in [[South Indian cuisine]] like [[Sambar (dish)|sambar]], [[chutney]]s and [[Curry|curries]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sen |first1=Colleen Taylor |last2=Bhattacharyya |first2=Sourish |last3=Saberi |first3=Helen |title=The Bloomsbury Handbook of Indian Cuisine |date=23 February 2023 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-1-350-12864-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3jusEAAAQBAJ&dq=Ramnad+Mundu+chilli&pg=PA83 |access-date=11 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref> It is seeded directly and cultivated as a rain-fed crop. The chilli has a thick skin and is tolerant of salinity and drought.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ramanathapuram farmers to get drought relief from State govt. soon, says Collector |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Madurai/ramanathapuram-farmers-to-get-drought-relief-from-state-govt-soon-says-collector/article67027727.ece#:~:text=Due%20to%20bad%20weather%20and,in%20our%20fields%20was%20worrying.%E2%80%9D |access-date=23 October 2024 |work=The Hindu |date=30 June 2023 |language=en-IN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Declare Ramanathapuram as drought-hit, say farmers; seek ₹20,000 to ₹30,000 as compensation per hectare |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Madurai/declare-ramanathapuram-as-drought-hit-say-farmers-seek-20000-to-30000-as-compensation-per-hectare/article66414621.ece |access-date=23 October 2024 |work=The Hindu |date=20 January 2023 |language=en-IN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Tamil Nadu's Ramnad Mundu Chillies, Vellore Spiny Brinjal Awarded GI Label {{!}} What It Means |url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/tamil-nadus-ramnad-mundu-chillies-ramnad-mundu-chillies-awarded-gi-label-what-this-means-7178521.html |access-date=23 October 2024 |work=News18 |date=27 February 2023 |language=en}}</ref>

==Geographical indication==
It was awarded the [[List of geographical indications in India|Geographical Indication]] (GI) status tag from the [[Geographical Indication Registry (India)|Geographical Indications Registry]] under the [[Government of India|Union Government of India]] on 22 February 2022 (valid until 15 November 2030).<ref>{{cite web |title=Geographical Indications Intellectual Property India |url=https://search.ipindia.gov.in/GIRPublic/Application/Details/720 |access-date=23 October 2024}}</ref>

Ramnad Mundu Chilli Producer Company Limited from Mudhukulathur, proposed the GI registration of Ramnathapuram Mundu chilli. After filing the application in November 2020, the chilli was granted the GI tag in 2023 by the Geographical Indication Registry in [[Chennai]], making the name "Ramnathapuram Mundu chilli" exclusive to the chilies grown in the region. It thus became the first chilli variety from Tamil Nadu and the 45th type of goods from Tamil Nadu to earn the GI tag.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Thanaraj |first1=M. S. |title=Ramnad 'mundu' chilli to spice up the global market |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2024/Mar/29/ramnad-mundu-chilli-to-spice-up-the-global-market |access-date=23 October 2024 |work=The New Indian Express |date=29 March 2024 |language=en}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Edayur chilli]]
* [[Bhiwapur chilli]]
* [[Khola chilli]]
* [[Harmal chilli]]

==References ==
{{reflist}}
{{Capsicum Cultivars}}

[[Category:Tamil cuisine]]
[[Category:Indian spices]]
[[Category:GI Tagged Chillies of India]]
[[Category:Economy of Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Agriculture in Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Geographical indications in Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Ramanathapuram district]]
[[Category:Capsicum cultivars]]

Ramanathapuram Mundu chilli - Revision history

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