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Undid revision 1030419624 by Sauravtheboy (talk) WP:UNSOURCED

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{{EngvarB|date=September 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2014}}
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{{Infobox person
| name = Ramanand Sagar
| image = Ramanand Saagar.jpg
| image_size =
| caption =
| birth_name = Chandramauli Chopra
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1917|12|29}}
| birth_place = [[Lahore, Pakistan|Lahore]], [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]], [[British India]] (now in [[Pakistan]])
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2005|12|12|1917|12|29}}
| death_place =[[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]]
| other names = Ramanand Chopra Ramanand Bedi Ramanand Kashmiri
| years_active =
| spouse = Leelavati
| occupation = Film producer, director, writer
| children = Anand Sagar, Prem Sagar, Moti Sagar, Subhash Sagar, Shanti Sagar, Sarita Choudhari
| honours = [[Padma Shri]] (2000)
}}
'''Ramanand Sagar''' (29 December 1917 – 12 December 2005) (born '''Chandramauli Chopra''') was an Indian film director. He is most famous for making the ''[[Ramayan (1987 TV series)|Ramayan]]'' television series, a 78-part TV adaptation of the ancient Indian epic of the same name, starring [[Arun Govil]] as [[Rama|Lord Ram]] and [[Deepika Chikhalia]] as [[Sita]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1115746/Ramanand-Sagar|title=Ramanand Sagar (Indian filmmaker)|publisher=[[Britannica Online Encyclopedia]]|access-date=13 September 2017}}</ref> This TV serial was then widely watched and liked across the country. The Government of India awarded him the civilian honour of [[Padma Shri]] in 2000.<ref name="Padma Awards">{{cite web|url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf|title=Padma Awards|publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India|year=2015|access-date=13 September 2017}}</ref>

==Early life==
Ramanand Sagar was born at Asal Guru near [[Lahore, Pakistan|Lahore]]. His great-grandfather, Lala Shankar Das Chopra, migrated from Lahore to Kashmir. Ramanand was adopted by his maternal grandmother, who had no sons, at which point his name was changed from 'Chandramouli Chopra' to 'Ramanand Sagar'.<ref name=Sagar1>{{cite web|url=http://www.sagartv.com/time-line.htm|website=Sagartv.com|title=Early Life|access-date=29 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426081803/http://www.sagartv.com/time-line.htm|archive-date=26 April 2012|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> After Sagar's biological mother died, his father remarried and had further children with her, including [[Vidhu Vinod Chopra]], who is thus Sagar's half-brother. Sagar worked as a peon, truck cleaner, soap vendor, goldsmith apprentice etc. during the day and studied for his degree at night.

He was a gold medalist in Sanskrit and Persian from the [[University of Punjab]] in 1942. He was also editor of newspaper ''Daily Milap''. He wrote many short stories, novels, poems, plays, etc. under names like "Ramanand Chopra", "Ramanand Bedi" and "Ramanand Kashmiri".<ref name=Sagar1/> In 1942 when he caught [[tuberculosis]] he wrote a subjective column, "Diary of a T.B. patient", about his fight. The column was published in series in the magazine ''Adab-e-Mashriq'' in Lahore.<ref name=Sagar1/>

==Career==

In 1932, Sagar started his film career as a [[Clapperboard|clapper boy]] in a silent film, ''Raiders of the Rail Road''.<ref name=Sagar2>{{cite web|url=http://www.sagartv.com/film-making.htm|title=Film Making|website=Sagartv.com|access-date=29 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426081849/http://www.sagartv.com/film-making.htm|archive-date=26 April 2012|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> He then shifted to Bombay in 1949 after [[Partition of India|India's partition]].

In the 1940s, Sagar started out as an assistant stage manager in [[Prithvi Theatres]] of [[Prithviraj Kapoor]]. He also directed a few plays under the fatherly guidance of Kapoor.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.junglee.org.in/shashik.html|title=Shashi Kapoor |website=Junglee.org.in|access-date=13 September 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Familiar turn|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/familiar-turn/article3680371.ece|author=Anuj Kumar|work=The Hindu|date=25 July 2012|access-date=7 May 2013}}</ref>

Along with other films that Sagar himself directed, he wrote the story and screenplay for [[Raj Kapoor]]'s superhit ''[[Barsaat (1949 film)|Barsaat]]''. He founded the film and television production company known as [[Sagar Films (Pvt. Ltd.)]] a.k.a. Sagar Arts in 1950. He produced and directed ''Bazooband'' and ''Mehmaan'' which were not successful.

He won the 1960 [[Filmfare Best Dialogue Award]] for ''[[Paigham (1959 film)|Paigham]]'' which was directed by [[S. S. Vasan]] and starred [[Dilip Kumar]], [[Vyjayanthimala]] and [[Raaj Kumar]] in lead roles.

His successful directorial ventures included ''[[Ghunghat (1960 film)|Ghunghat]]'' and ''[[Arzoo (1965 film)|Arzoo]]'', which became blockbusters in the years 1960 and 1965 respectively. In 1964 he directed the classic ''[[Zindagi (1964 film)|Zindagi]]'' starring [[Rajendra Kumar]], [[Vyjanthimala]], [[Prithviraj Kapoor]] and [[Raaj Kumar]]. In 1968 he won the [[Filmfare Best Director Award]] for ''[[Aankhen (1968 film)|Ankhen]]''. ''Ankhen'' was a spy-thriller starring [[Dharmendra]] and [[Mala Sinha]]. It was amongst the top 10 Hindi films of 1968.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=123&catName=MTk2MC0xOTY5|title=Top Earners 1960–1969|publisher=[[Box Office India]]|access-date=30 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120103120747/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=123&catName=MTk2MC0xOTY5|archive-date=3 January 2012|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> His films in the early 1970s were not successful like ''Geet'' and ''Laalkar''. In 1976, he directed ''Charas'' starring Dharmendra and Hema Malini which was among the top five grossers of that year. In 1979, his directorial venture ''[[Prem Bandhan]]'' starring [[Rajesh Khanna]], [[Rekha]] and [[Moushmi Chatterjee]] was successful commercially, becoming the sixth highest grossing film of that year. In 1982, he directed ''Bhagavat'' starring Dharmendra, Hema Malini and Reena Roy which turned out to be a huge hit.

In 1985 he directed '[[Salma_(1985_film)|Salma]]' which was unsuccessful at the box office and though the music of the film romance was popular, the film did not perform well at box office.

In 1985 Sagar turned towards television with ''Dada Dadi Ki Kahaniyaan'' which was directed by Moti Sagar and produced by Ramanand Sagar. Then his Sagar Arts began producing serials based on Indian history. His directorial venture ''[[Ramayan (1987 TV series)|Ramayan]]'' aired its first episode on 25 January 1987.<ref>{{cite book|last=Lutgendorf|first=Philip|title=The Life of a Text: Performing the Ramcharitmanas of Tulsidas|year=1991|publisher=University of California Press|location=Berkeley, California|isbn=0-520-06690-1|page=12}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sagartv.com/ramayan.htm|title=Ramayan – Block Buster in the History of Indian Television|access-date=30 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120219000747/http://www.sagartv.com/ramayan.htm|archive-date=19 February 2012|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> His next tele-serials were ''[[Krishna (TV series)|Krishna]]'' and ''[[Luv Kush]]'' which were both produced and directed by him. Sagar directed ''[[Vikram Aur Betaal]]'' in 1988. He made fantasy dramas like ''[[Alif Laila]]'' and ''Sai Baba''.

The ''Ramayan'' series was initially conceptualized to run for 52 episodes of 45 minutes each. Owing to popular demand it had to be extended thrice, eventually ending after 78 episodes.

Sagar made a ''Luv Kush'' episode after receiving a call from PMO.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/tv/ramayan-director-ramanand-sagar-had-to-make-luv-kush-episode-after-receiving-a-call-from-pmo-610055|title=Ramanand Sagar had to make Luv Kush episode after receiving a call from PMO|website=India TV |language=en|access-date=22 April 2020}}</ref>

Based on his experiences of the Indo-Pak partition, Sagar published the [[Hindi language|Hindi]]-[[Urdu language|Urdu]] book ''Aur Insaan Mar Gaya'' (English: ''And The Human Died'') in 1948.

The government of India honoured Sagar with the [[Padma Shri]] in 2000. Sagar died on 12 December 2005 aged 88 at his home in [[Mumbai]] after a series of health problems.

In December 2019, his son Prem Sagar launched a book on his life, ''An Epic Life: Ramanand Sagar, From Barsaat to Ramayan''. This book is a biography of Ramanand Sagar depicting his life struggles and his journey from a clerk to one of the greatest filmmakers of all time.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theweek.in/review/books/2019/12/20/life-and-times-of-ramanand-sagar.html|title=Life and times of Ramanand Sagar|website=The Week|language=en|access-date=31 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/reviews/story/a-son’s-tribute-with-a-pinch-of-realism-18652|title=A son’s tribute, with a pinch of realism|language=en|access-date=31 March 2020}}</ref>

==Awards==

===Civilian awards===
* [[Padma Shri]] –2000

===Won===
* 1960 – [[Filmfare Best Dialogue Award]] for ''[[Paigham (1959 film)|Paigham]]''
* 1969 – [[Filmfare Best Director Award]] for ''[[Aankhen (1968 film)|Aankhen]]''

===Nominated===
* 1966 – [[Filmfare Award for Best Story]] for ''[[Arzoo (1965 film)|Arzoo]]''
* 1966 – [[Filmfare Award for Best Director]] for ''Arzoo''
* 1969 – [[Filmfare Award for Best Story]] for ''Aankhen''

==Filmography==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year !! Title !! Film / TV serial !! Roles !! Notes
|-
| 1987-88 || ''[[Ramayan (1987 TV series)|Ramayan]]''|| TV series || Director Producer Writer ||
|-
| 1988-89 || ''[[Luv Kush]]'' || TV series || Director ||
|-
| 1993 || ''[[Alif Laila]]'' || TV Series || Director ||
|-
| 1993 || ''[[Krishna (TV series)|Krishna]]'' || TV series || Director ||
|-
|1997
|Jai Maha Lakshmi
|TV Serial
|Director
|
|-
|1998 || [[Jai Ganga Maiya]] || TV Serial || Director ||
|-
| 2005 || ''Sai Baba'' || TV series || Director ||
|-
| 1985-86 || ''[[Vikram Aur Betaal]]'' || TV series || Director Producer ||
|-
| 1985 || ''[[Salma (1985 film)|Salma]]''|| Film || Director Producer ||
|-
| 1983 || ''[[Romance (1983 film)|Romance]]''|| Film || Director Producer ||
|-
| 1982 || ''[[Baagawat]]''|| Film || Director Producer ||
|-
| 1981 || ''[[Armaan (1981 film)|Armaan]]'' || Film || Producer ||
|-
| 1979 || ''[[Hum Tere Ashiq Hain]]'' || Film || Dialogue writer Screenplay writer ||
|-
| 1979 || ''[[Prem Bandhan]]''|| Film || Director ||
|-
| 1976 || ''[[Charas (1976 film)|Charas]]''|| Film || Director Producer Writer ||
|-
| 1973 || ''[[Jalte Badan]]''|| Film || Director Producer Writer ||
|-
| 1972 || ''[[Lalkaar]]''|| Film || Director Producer Writer ||
|-
| 1970 || ''[[Geet (1970 film)|Geet]]''|| Film || Director Producer ||
|-
| 1968 || ''[[Aankhen (1968 film)|Aankhen]]''|| Film || Director Producer Writer ||
|-
| 1965 || ''[[Arzoo (1965 film)|Arzoo]]''|| Film || Director Producer Writer ||
|-
| 1964 || ''[[Zindagi (1964 film)|Zindagi]]''|| Film || Director Producer ||
|-
| 1964 || ''[[Rajkumar (1964 film)|Rajkumar]]'' || Film || Dialogue writer Screenplay writer ||
|-
| 1960 || ''[[Ghunghat (1960 film)|Ghunghat]]''|| Film || Director ||
|-
| 1959 || ''[[Paigham (1959 film)|Paigham]]'' || Film || Dialogue writer ||
|-
| 1958 || ''[[Raj Tilak (1958 film)|Raj Tilak]]'' || Film || Writer Dialogue writer ||
|-
| 1956 || ''Mem Sahib'' || Film || Dialogue writer ||
|-
| 1954 || ''[[Bazooband]]''|| Film || Director ||
|-
| 1952 || ''[[Sangdil (1952 film)|Sangdil]]'' || Film || Dialogue writer Screenplay writer ||
|-
| 1953 || ''Mehmaan''|| Film || Director ||
|-
| 1950 || ''Jan Pahchan'' || Film || Dialogue writer Screenplay writer ||
|-
| 1949 || ''[[Barsaat (1949 film)|Barsaat]]'' || Film || Writer Dialogue writer Screenplay writer ||
|-
|}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb name|nm0755997}}

{{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Art}}
{{FilmfareAwardBestDirector}}
{{FilmfareAwardBestDialogue}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sagar, Ramanand}}
[[Category:1917 births]]
[[Category:2005 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian film directors]]
[[Category:Hindi-language film directors]]
[[Category:Filmfare Awards winners]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in arts]]
[[Category:Film directors from Mumbai]]
[[Category:Film directors from Lahore]]

Ramanand Sagar - Revision history

imported>Yappy2bhere: Undid revision 1030419624 by Sauravtheboy (talk) WP:UNSOURCED