Rajuar - Revision history

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{{Short description|Ethnic group of India}}{{Infobox caste|caste_name=Rajuar|image=Rajuar people.png|religions=[[Hindu]]|country=[[India]]|state=Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal|status=[[Adivasi| Schedule Tribe]]|caste_name_in_local=Rajuar, Rajuwar, Rajuad, Rajuala}}

'''Rajuar''' (also known as Rajuala, Rajuad, Rajwar) is a shifting cultivation community. The people of this community mainly live in [[Bihar]], [[Jharkhand]], [[Madhya Pradesh]], [[Odisha]] and [[West Bengal]]. The community living in Odisha is considered a Scheduled Tribe while the people living in other states are considered as OBC.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Singh|first=Kumar Suresh|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=zNQwwbwUsC4C|title=People of India: Odisha (2 pts.)|date=1992|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India|isbn=978-81-7046-294-1|pages=1275|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Ota|first=A. B.|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=meaUwwEACAAJ|title=Rajuar|last2=Kodamasingh|first2=Anjana|last3=Kanhar|first3=Nilamadhaba|date=2016|publisher=Scheduled Castes & Scheduled Tribes Research and Training Institute|isbn=978-93-80705-52-1|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Division|first=India Census|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=ylmFAAAAIAAJ|title=India|date=1961|publisher=Office of the Registrar General|pages=1078|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Panda|first=Nishakar|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=y6iSisqgBVkC|title=Policies, Programmes, and Strategies for Tribal Development: A Critical Appraisal|date=2006|publisher=Gyan Publishing House|isbn=978-81-7835-491-0|pages=124|language=en}}</ref>

== Overview ==
The people living in Odisha are mostly from the Nagbansi group and they live in Mayurbhanj and Baleshwar districts. As of the 2011 census, they had a population of 3,517 and a literacy rate of 51.6 per cent in Odisha. Many years ago they lived in Chotanagpur and they were engaged in shifting cultivation. Later, They started to live with different ethnic people in a village when they found settleable land to live in the process of shifting cultivation. Now they have good land and they are also good farmers but some of them are flattened rice sellers, whom the locals know as ''Chula Kuta Bagal''.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Kumar|first=Satinder|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=WdEjAQAAIAAJ|title=Encyclopaedia of South-Asian Tribes: The Orakzi - The Rongmeis|date=2000|publisher=Anmol Publications|isbn=978-81-261-0517-5|pages=3062|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0" />

People living in Odisha speak Oriya but due to their proximity to Bengali-speaking people, many people use Bengali for daily conversation. The origin of the Rajuar community remains doubtful. While some researchers claim that the Rajuar caste is an offshoot of the [[Bhuyan]], the people of West Bengal claim that the Rajuar caste was formed from a mixture of the [[Kurmi]] caste and the [[Kol people|Kol]] caste.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=pUKBAAAAMAAJ|title=Anthropology of Small Populations|date=1998|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India, Ministry of Human Resource Development, Department of Culture, Government of India|isbn=978-81-85579-46-7|pages=131|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Singh|first=Swaran|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=A2huAAAAMAAJ|title=Bathudi and Sounti Tribes: A Bio-anthropological Profile|date=1994|publisher=Gyan Publishing House|isbn=978-81-212-0466-8|pages=29|language=en}}</ref>

== Society ==
The Rajuar is divided into endogamous groups such as Rajbansi, Rajbhar, Bhogta, Lathaur, Nagbansi and Nakchedia. Among those groups, the Nagabansi group is lagging in society. Againin those groups are divided into some exogenous clans such as Nageswar(Nag), Kachap(Kachim), Sankhua(Sankh), Champa, Mukut(Mod), Sinha and Kashyapa. The surnames used by the Rajuar people living in Odisha are Bagala, Behera, Ram, Ray, and Parmanik.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Singh|first=Kumar Suresh|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=UhAwAQAAIAAJ|title=People of India|last2=India|first2=Anthropological Survey of|date=2008|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India|isbn=978-81-7046-303-0|pages=808|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Kumar|first=Satinder|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=WdEjAQAAIAAJ|title=Encyclopaedia of South-Asian Tribes: The Orakzi - The Rongmeis|date=2000|publisher=Anmol Publications|isbn=978-81-261-0517-5|pages=3062|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Singh|first=Kumar Suresh|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=jHQMAQAAMAAJ|title=India's Communities: H - M|date=1998|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-563354-2|pages=2964|language=en}}</ref>

The festivals celebrated by the people of Rajuar are similar to the festivals celebrated by the people of the region and are based on Hinduism. Dhulia Festival, Jantal Festival, Magha Puja, Bandhna and Karam Festival are considered the main festivals of Rajuar.<ref name=":0" />
==Reference==
<references />
==Further reading==
* {{Cite web|last=Ota|first=A.B|title=Rajuar|url=https://repository.tribal.gov.in/bitstream/123456789/73850/1/SCST_2016_handbook_0056.pdf|url-status=live|website=Respiratory Tribal Government}}
*{{Cite book|last=Sahoo|first=Yudhishṭhira|url=https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchCode=LCCN&searchArg=2007389738&searchType=1&permalink=y|title=Rājuāra pariciti|last2=Sahoo|first2=Ananta|date=|publisher=Ādibāsī Bhāshā o Saṃskr̥ti Ekāḍemī|year=2007|editor-last=|editor-first=|edition=1|series=Little known tribe|location=Bhubaneśvara|language=or|ol=OL16472704M|editor-last2=}}

[[Category:Scheduled Tribes of Odisha]]
[[Category:Ethnic groups in India]]
[[Category:Ethnic groups in South Asia]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:17, 28 January 2022
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	{{Short description\|Ethnic group of India}}{{Infobox caste\|caste_name=Rajuar\|image=~~Rajuar people.png~~\|religions=[[Hindu]]\|country=[[India]]\|state=Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal\|status=[[Adivasi\| Schedule Tribe]]\|caste_name_in_local=Rajuar, Rajuwar, Rajuad, Rajuala}}		{{Short description\|Ethnic group of India}}{{Infobox caste\|caste_name=Rajuar\|image=\|religions=[[Hindu]]\|country=[[India]]\|state=Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal\|status=[[Adivasi\| Schedule Tribe]]\|caste_name_in_local=Rajuar, Rajuwar, Rajuad, Rajuala}}

	'''Rajuar''' (also known as Rajuala, Rajuad, Rajwar) is a shifting cultivation community. The people of this community mainly live in [[Bihar]], [[Jharkhand]], [[Madhya Pradesh]], [[Odisha]] and [[West Bengal]]. The community living in Odisha is considered a Scheduled Tribe while the people living in other states are considered as OBC.<ref>{{Cite book\|last=Singh\|first=Kumar Suresh\|url=https://books.google.~~co.in~~/books?id=zNQwwbwUsC4C\|title=People of India: Odisha (2 pts.)\|date=1992\|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India\|isbn=978-81-7046-294-1\|pages=1275\|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book\|~~last~~=Ota\|~~first~~=A. B.\|url=https://books.google.~~co.in~~/books?id=meaUwwEACAAJ\|title=Rajuar\|last2=Kodamasingh\|first2=Anjana\|last3=Kanhar\|first3=Nilamadhaba\|date=2016\|publisher=Scheduled Castes & Scheduled Tribes Research and Training Institute\|isbn=978-93-80705-52-1\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=Division\|first=India Census\|url=https://books.google.~~co.in~~/books?id=ylmFAAAAIAAJ\|title=India\|date=1961\|publisher=Office of the Registrar General\|pages=1078\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=Panda\|first=Nishakar\|url=https://books.google.~~co.in~~/books?id=y6iSisqgBVkC\|title=Policies, Programmes, and Strategies for Tribal Development: A Critical Appraisal\|date=2006\|publisher=Gyan Publishing House\|isbn=978-81-7835-491-0\|pages=124\|language=en}}</ref>		'''Rajuar''' (also known as Rajuala, Rajuad, Rajwar) is a shifting cultivation community. The people of this community mainly live in [[Bihar]], [[Jharkhand]], [[Madhya Pradesh]], [[Odisha]] and [[West Bengal]]. The community living in Odisha is considered a Scheduled Tribe while the people living in other states are considered as OBC.<ref>{{Cite book\|last=Singh\|first=Kumar Suresh\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zNQwwbwUsC4C\|title=People of India: Odisha (2 pts.)\|date=1992\|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India\|isbn=978-81-7046-294-1\|pages=1275\|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book\|last1=Ota\|first1=A. B.\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=meaUwwEACAAJ\|title=Rajuar\|last2=Kodamasingh\|first2=Anjana\|last3=Kanhar\|first3=Nilamadhaba\|date=2016\|publisher=Scheduled Castes & Scheduled Tribes Research and Training Institute\|isbn=978-93-80705-52-1\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=Division\|first=India Census\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ylmFAAAAIAAJ\|title=India\|date=1961\|publisher=Office of the Registrar General\|pages=1078\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=Panda\|first=Nishakar\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y6iSisqgBVkC\|title=Policies, Programmes, and Strategies for Tribal Development: A Critical Appraisal\|date=2006\|publisher=Gyan Publishing House\|isbn=978-81-7835-491-0\|pages=124\|language=en}}</ref>

	== Overview ==		== Overview ==
	The people living in Odisha are mostly from the Nagbansi group and they live in Mayurbhanj and Baleshwar districts. As of the 2011 census, they had a population of 3,517 and a literacy rate of 51.6 per cent in Odisha. Many years ago they lived in Chotanagpur and they were engaged in shifting cultivation. Later, They started to live with different ethnic people in a village when they found settleable land to live in the process of shifting cultivation. Now they have good land and they are also good farmers but some of them are flattened rice sellers~~, whom the locals know as ''Chula Kuta Bagal''~~.<ref>{{Cite book\|last=Kumar\|first=Satinder\|url=https://books.google.~~co.in~~/books?id=WdEjAQAAIAAJ\|title=Encyclopaedia of South-Asian Tribes: The Orakzi - The Rongmeis\|date=2000\|publisher=Anmol Publications\|isbn=978-81-261-0517-5\|pages=3062\|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0" />		The people living in Odisha are mostly from the Nagbansi group and they live in Mayurbhanj and Baleshwar districts. As of the 2011 census, they had a population of 3,517 and a literacy rate of 51.6 per cent in Odisha. Many years ago they lived in Chotanagpur and they were engaged in shifting cultivation. Later, They started to live with different ethnic people in a village when they found settleable land to live in the process of shifting cultivation. Now they have good land and they are also good farmers but some of them are flattened rice sellers.<ref>{{Cite book\|last=Kumar\|first=Satinder\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WdEjAQAAIAAJ\|title=Encyclopaedia of South-Asian Tribes: The Orakzi - The Rongmeis\|date=2000\|publisher=Anmol Publications\|isbn=978-81-261-0517-5\|pages=3062\|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0" />

	People living in Odisha speak Oriya but due to their proximity to Bengali-speaking people, many people use Bengali for daily conversation. The origin of the Rajuar community remains doubtful. While some researchers claim that the Rajuar caste is an offshoot of the [[Bhuyan]], the people of West Bengal claim that the Rajuar caste was formed from a mixture of the [[Kurmi]] caste and the [[Kol people\|Kol]] caste.<ref>{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.~~co.in~~/books?id=pUKBAAAAMAAJ\|title=Anthropology of Small Populations\|date=1998\|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India, Ministry of Human Resource Development, Department of Culture, Government of India\|isbn=978-81-85579-46-7\|pages=131\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=Singh\|first=Swaran\|url=https://books.google.~~co.in~~/books?id=A2huAAAAMAAJ\|title=Bathudi and Sounti Tribes: A Bio-anthropological Profile\|date=1994\|publisher=Gyan Publishing House\|isbn=978-81-212-0466-8\|pages=29\|language=en}}</ref>		People living in Odisha speak Oriya but due to their proximity to Bengali-speaking people, many people use Bengali for daily conversation. The origin of the Rajuar community remains doubtful. While some researchers claim that the Rajuar caste is an offshoot of the [[Bhuyan]], the people of West Bengal claim that the Rajuar caste was formed from a mixture of the [[Kurmi]] caste and the [[Kol people\|Kol]] caste.<ref>{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pUKBAAAAMAAJ\|title=Anthropology of Small Populations\|date=1998\|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India, Ministry of Human Resource Development, Department of Culture, Government of India\|isbn=978-81-85579-46-7\|pages=131\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=Singh\|first=Swaran\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A2huAAAAMAAJ\|title=Bathudi and Sounti Tribes: A Bio-anthropological Profile\|date=1994\|publisher=Gyan Publishing House\|isbn=978-81-212-0466-8\|pages=29\|language=en}}</ref>

	== Society ==		== Society ==
	The Rajuar is divided into endogamous groups such as Rajbansi, Rajbhar, Bhogta, Lathaur, Nagbansi and Nakchedia. Among those groups, the Nagabansi group is lagging in society. ~~Againin~~ those groups are divided into some exogenous clans such as Nageswar(Nag), Kachap(Kachim), Sankhua(Sankh), Champa, Mukut(Mod), Sinha and Kashyapa. The surnames used by the Rajuar people living in Odisha are ~~Bagala,~~ Behera, Ram, Ray, and Parmanik.<ref>{{Cite book\|~~last~~=Singh\|~~first~~=Kumar Suresh\|url=https://books.google.~~co.in~~/books?id=UhAwAQAAIAAJ\|title=People of India\|last2=India\|first2=Anthropological Survey of\|date=2008\|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India\|isbn=978-81-7046-303-0\|pages=808\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=Kumar\|first=Satinder\|url=https://books.google.~~co.in~~/books?id=WdEjAQAAIAAJ\|title=Encyclopaedia of South-Asian Tribes: The Orakzi - The Rongmeis\|date=2000\|publisher=Anmol Publications\|isbn=978-81-261-0517-5\|pages=3062\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=Singh\|first=Kumar Suresh\|url=https://books.google.~~co.in~~/books?id=jHQMAQAAMAAJ\|title=India's Communities: H - M\|date=1998\|publisher=Oxford University Press\|isbn=978-0-19-563354-2\|pages=2964\|language=en}}</ref>		The Rajuar is divided into endogamous groups such as Rajbansi, Rajbhar, Bhogta, Lathaur, Nagbansi and Nakchedia. Among those groups, the Nagabansi group is lagging in society. Again those groups are divided into some exogenous clans such as Nageswar(Nag), Kachap(Kachim), Sankhua(Sankh), Champa, Mukut(Mod), Sinha and Kashyapa. The surnames used by the Rajuar people living in Odisha are Behera, Ram, Ray, and Parmanik.<ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Singh\|first1=Kumar Suresh\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UhAwAQAAIAAJ\|title=People of India\|last2=India\|first2=Anthropological Survey of\|date=2008\|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India\|isbn=978-81-7046-303-0\|pages=808\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=Kumar\|first=Satinder\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WdEjAQAAIAAJ\|title=Encyclopaedia of South-Asian Tribes: The Orakzi - The Rongmeis\|date=2000\|publisher=Anmol Publications\|isbn=978-81-261-0517-5\|pages=3062\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=Singh\|first=Kumar Suresh\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jHQMAQAAMAAJ\|title=India's Communities: H - M\|date=1998\|publisher=Oxford University Press\|isbn=978-0-19-563354-2\|pages=2964\|language=en}}</ref>

	The festivals celebrated by the people of Rajuar are similar to the festivals celebrated by the people of the region and are based on Hinduism. Dhulia Festival, Jantal Festival, Magha Puja, Bandhna and Karam Festival are considered the main festivals of Rajuar.<ref name=":0" />		The festivals celebrated by the people of Rajuar are similar to the festivals celebrated by the people of the region and are based on Hinduism. Dhulia Festival, Jantal Festival, Magha Puja, Bandhna and Karam Festival are considered the main festivals of Rajuar.<ref name=":0" />

	==Reference==		==Reference==
	<references />		<references />
	==Further reading==		==Further reading==
	* {{Cite web\|last=Ota\|first=A.B\|title=Rajuar\|url=https://repository.tribal.gov.in/bitstream/123456789/73850/1/SCST_2016_handbook_0056.pdf\|url-status=live\|website=Respiratory Tribal Government}}		* {{Cite web\|last=Ota\|first=A.B\|title=Rajuar\|url=https://repository.tribal.gov.in/bitstream/123456789/73850/1/SCST_2016_handbook_0056.pdf\|url-status=live\|website=Respiratory Tribal Government}}
	*{{Cite book\|~~last~~=Sahoo\|~~first~~=Yudhishṭhira\|url=https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchCode=LCCN&searchArg=2007389738&searchType=1&permalink=y\|title=Rājuāra pariciti\|last2=Sahoo\|first2=Ananta~~\|date=~~\|publisher=Ādibāsī Bhāshā o Saṃskr̥ti Ekāḍemī\|year=2007\|editor-last=\|editor-first=\|edition=1\|series=Little known tribe\|location=Bhubaneśvara\|language=or\|ol=OL16472704M\|editor-last2=}}		*{{Cite book\|last1=Sahoo\|first1=Yudhishṭhira\|url=https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchCode=LCCN&searchArg=2007389738&searchType=1&permalink=y\|title=Rājuāra pariciti\|last2=Sahoo\|first2=Ananta\|publisher=Ādibāsī Bhāshā o Saṃskr̥ti Ekāḍemī\|year=2007\|editor-last=\|editor-first=\|edition=1\|series=Little known tribe\|location=Bhubaneśvara\|language=or\|ol=OL16472704M\|editor-last2=}}

	[[Category:Scheduled Tribes of Odisha]]		[[Category:Scheduled Tribes of Odisha]]
	[[Category:Ethnic groups in India]]		[[Category:Ethnic groups in India]]
	[[Category:Ethnic groups in South Asia]]		[[Category:Ethnic groups in South Asia]]