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Reverted edits by Mohammedosman5493 (talk): not providing a reliable source (WP:CITE, WP:RS) (HG) (3.4.10)

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{{About|the municipality in India|the district of the same name|Rajouri district}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Rajouri
| native_name = Rājapurī
| native_name_lang = sa
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Town
| image_skyline = Rajouris2.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = View of old Jhula Bridge at Medina Colony, Rajouri.
| pushpin_map = India Jammu and Kashmir#India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Jammu and Kashmir, India
| coordinates = {{coord|33.38|N|74.31|E|display=inline,title|format=dms}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|Union Territory]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of Jammu and Kashmir|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Rajouri district|Rajouri]]
| established_title = Settled
| established_date = 623 BC
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = Municipal Committee
| governing_body = Rajouri Municipal Committee
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 915
| population_total = 41,552 (Including Kheora and Jawahar Nagar), 6,42,415 (in Rajouri district)
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes = <ref>http://www.census2011.co.in/census/district/624-rajouri.html</ref>
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Dogri language|Dogri]], [[Hindi]], [[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]], [[Urdu]], [[English language|English]]<ref name="OfficialLang">{{cite web |url=http://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2020/222037.pdf |title=The Jammu and Kashmir Official Languages Act, 2020 |publisher=The Gazette of India|date=27 September 2020 |access-date=27 September 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | title=Parliament passes JK Official Languages Bill, 2020 | work=Rising Kashmir | date=23 September 2020| url=http://risingkashmir.com/news/parliament-passes-jk-official-languages-bill-2020 | access-date=23 September 2020}}</ref>
| demographics1_title2 = Spoken
| demographics1_info2 = [[Pahari language (Kashmir)|Pahari]], [[Gujari language|Gujari]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code = 185135
| registration_plate =
| website = {{url|http://rajouri.nic.in}}<br /> {{url|https://rajouri.in}}
| footnotes =
}}

'''Rajouri''' or '''Rajauri''' ({{IPAc-en|r|ə|ˈ|dʒ|ɔ:|r|i}}, {{lang-sa|राजपुरी}}, {{IAST3|Rājapurī}}) is a town in [[Rajouri district]] in the [[States and union territories of India|union territory]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]], India. It is located about {{convert|155|km|mi}} from [[Srinagar]] and {{cvt|150|km}} from [[Jammu (city)|Jammu city]] on the [[Poonch (town)|Poonch]] Highway. The town is the location of [[Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University]] and the birthplace of Sikh General [[Banda Singh Bahadur]].
[[File:Rajouri 500.jpg|thumb|New Rajouri Bridge]]

==History==
=== Ancient History ===
{{expand section|date=April 2018}}

The area of Rajouri principality included proper Rajouri, Thanna Mandi, Bagla Azim Garh, Behrote, Chingus, Darhal, Nagrota and Phalyana, etc.

=== Modern History ===
In 1813, [[Gulab Singh]] of Jammu captured Rajouri for the [[Sikh Empire]] of Maharaja [[Ranjit Singh]], by defeating Raja Agar Ullah Khan.{{sfn|Panikkar, Gulab Singh|1930|p=31}} After this, Rajouri became part of the Sikh Empire. But parts of it were given as jagirs to Rahim Ullah Khan (a half-brother of Agar Ullah Khan) and other parts to Gulab Singh.{{sfn|Panikkar, Gulab Singh|1930|p=40}}

Following the [[First Anglo-Sikh War]] and the [[Treaty of Amritsar (1846)]], all the territories between the [[Ravi River]] and the [[Indus River|Indus]] were transferred to Gulab Singh, and he was recognised as an independent Maharaja of [[Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)|Jammu and Kashmir]]. Thus Rajouri became a part of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir.<ref name=SATP>Sudhir S. Bloeria, [http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/publication/faultlines/volume1/Fault1-Bloeriatext.htm Militancy in Rajouri and Poonch], South Asia Terrorism Portal, 2001.</ref> Gulab Singh changed the name of Rajouri to Rampur. He appointed Mian Hathu as Governor of Rajouri, who remained in Rajouri up to 1856.<ref name="Bloeria2000">{{citation|last=Bloeria|first=Sudhir S.|title=Pakistan's Insurgency Vs India's Security: Tackling Militancy in Kashmir|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-jBuAAAAMAAJ|year=2000|publisher=Manas Publications|isbn=978-81-7049-116-3 |page=37}}</ref> Mian Hathu constructed a stunning temple in between Thanna Nallah in close proximity to Rajouri city. He also built Rajouri Fort at Dhannidhar village.{{citation needed|date=November 2016}}

After Mian Hathu, Rajouri was transformed into a tehsil and affiliated with [[Bhimber]] district. In 1904, this tehsil was separated from Bhimber and affiliated with the [[Reasi]] district.<ref name=SATP/>

=== Partition ===
{{Further|1947-1948 Rajouri Massacre}}

After the [[Partition of India]] and the accession of Jammu and Kashmir to India in October 1947, there followed the [[First Kashmir War]] between India and Pakistan. The Pakistani raiders, along with the rebels and deserters from the western districts of the state, captured Rajouri on 7 November 1947. The 30,000 Hindus and Sikhs living in Rajouri were reportedly killed, wounded or abducted.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZBwNAAAAIAAJ|title=Operations in Jammu & Kashmir, 1947-48|last1=Prasad|first1=Sri Nandan|last2=Pal|first2=Dharm|date=1987-01-01|publisher=History Division, Ministry of Defence, Government of India|pages=49–50|language=en}}</ref>{{sfn|V. K. Singh, Leadership in the Indian Army|2005|p=160}}{{sfn|Ramachandran, Empire's First Soldiers|2008|p=171}} Rajouri was recaptured on 12 April 1948 by the 19 Infantry Brigade of the Indian Army under the command of Second Lieutenant [[Rama Raghoba Rane]]. Rane, despite being wounded, launched a bold tank assault by conveying the tanks over the [[Tawi River|Tawi]] river bed in order to avoid the road blocks along the main road.{{refn|Rama Raghoba Rane received a [[Param Vir Chakra]] for his gallantry.}} When the Indian Army entered the town, the captors had fled, having destroyed most of the town and killing all its inhabitants. After the arrival of the Army, some 1,500 refugees that had fled to the hills, including women and children, returned to the town.{{sfn|Sarkar, Outstanding Victories of the Indian Army|2016|pp=37–40}}

The ceasefire line at the end of the War ran to the west of the Rajouri-Reasi district.

=== Inside India ===
Soon after the war, the Rajouri and Reasi tehsils were separated. The Rajouri tehsil was merged with the Indian-administered [[Poonch district, India|Poonch district]] to form the Poonch-Rajouri district.<ref name=SATP/> The Reasi tehsil was merged with the [[Udhampur district]].

On 1 January 1968, the two tehsils were reunited and the resulting district was named the Rajouri district.<ref name=SATP/>

The Reasi tehsil was also separated out in 2006 into a separate [[Reasi district]]. The present Rajouri district comprises the 1947 Rajouri tehsil.

Rajouri witnessed some of the toughest fighting during the [[Second Kashmir War]] in 1965. Pakistani infiltration in Kashmir during [[Operation Gibraltar]] caused Rajouri to be initially captured from the [[Indian Army]] by undercover Pakistani commandos with the aid of local [[Mujahideen]]. But the wider operation failed and, with all-out war with India looming, Pakistan withdrew its troops. Major [[Malik Munawar Khan Awan]], a Pakistani commando officer who led the attack on Rajouri on the night of 15 September 1965, was later awarded the title "King of Rajouri" by the [[Government of Pakistan]].<ref name="dawn">{{cite news |work=Dawn |url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1024793/the-20-watt-fountain-of-energy |title=The 20-watt fountain of energy |first=Anjum |last=Niaz |date=21 April 2013}}</ref>

==Geography and Education==
Rajouri is located at {{Coord|33.38|N|74.3|E|}}.<ref>[http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/12/Rajouri.html Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Rajouri]{{dead link|date=April 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> It has an average elevation of 915 [[metre]]s (3001 [[foot (length)|feet]]).

Rajouri has its own deemed University [[Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University]] popularly known as BGSBU which offers various Diploma, UG and PG courses. It also has one Government Medical College [[Government Medical College, Rajouri|GMC Rajouri]] along with other degree colleges.

==Climate==
The climate of Rajouri is somewhat cooler than the other surrounding plains. Summers are short and pleasant. The summer temperature generally does not exceed 41 degrees. Winters are cool and chilly characterized with rainfall due to western disturbances. Snowfall is scanty but may occur in cool months like that of December 2012. Average rainfall is 769 millimetres (26.3 in) in the wettest months The average temperature of summer is 29'C and average temperature of winter is 16'C .<ref>[http://www.imd.gov.in/section/climate/jammu2.htm IMD] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120315191709/http://www.imd.gov.in/section/climate/jammu2.htm |date=2012-03-15 }}</ref>

==Demographics==
{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Religion in Rajouri Town (2011)<ref name="Rajouri Population"/>
|label1 = [[Hinduism]]
|value1 = 57.06
|color1 = Orange
|label2 = [[Islam]]
|value2 = 37.08
|color2 = Green
|label3 = [[Sikhism]]
|value3 = 5.09
|color3 = Yellow
|label4 = [[Christianity]]
|value4 = 0.51
|color4 = Blue
|label5 = [[Buddhism]]
|value5 = 0.08
|color5 = Gold
|label6 = [[Jainism]]
|value6 = 0.02
|color6 = Brown
|label7 = Others
|value7 = 0.00
|color7 = Grey
|label8 = Not Stated
|value8 = 0.17
|color8 = Black
}}
At the 2011 census,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> Rajouri itself had a population of 37,552 while the population within the municipal limits was 41,552. Males constituted 57% of the population and females 43%. Rajouri had an average literacy rate of 77%, higher than the national average of 75.5%: male literacy was 83% and female literacy was 68%. 12% of the population was under 6 years of age. The people are mostly [[Gujjars]] and [[Pahari people (Kashmir)|Paharis]].

===Religion===
Islam is the largest religion in Rajouri district followed by over 57% of the people. Hinduism is the second-largest religion with 37.08% adherents. Christianity and Sikhism form 0.51% and 5.09% of the population respectively.<ref name="Rajouri Population">{{cite web|url=https://www.censusindia2011.com/jammu-kashmir/rajouri/rajauri/rajauri-mc-population.html|title=Rajouri Town Population|work=Census India|access-date=27 September 2020}}</ref>

==Transport==
===Air===
[[Rajouri Airport]] is located 1 km from the town but currently is non-operational. The nearest airport to Rajouri is [[Jammu Airport]] which located 154 kilometres from Rajouri and is a 4 hr drive.

===Rail===
Rajouri doesn't have its own railway station. The nearest railway station to Rajouri is [[Jammu Tawi railway station]] which is located at a distance of 151 kilometres from the town and is a 4 hr drive. There are plans to connect Rajouri by rail through the [[Jammu–Poonch line|Jammu–Poonch Railway Line]] in the near future.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dailyexcelsior.com/centre-nod-to-jammu-poonch-rail-line-after-several-years/|title=Centre nod to Jammu-Poonch rail line after several years|work=Daily Excelsior|date=23 December 2018|access-date=24 December 2018}}</ref>

===Road===
Rajouri is well-connected by road to other towns, villages and cities of Jammu and Kashmir. The [[National Highway 144A (India)|NH 144A]] passes through Rajouri.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Bibliography ==
* {{citation |title=Gulab Singh |first=K. M. |last=Panikkar |author-link=K. M. Panikkar |publisher=Martin Hopkinson Ltd |year=1930 |location=London |url=https://archive.org/details/gulabsingh179218031570mbp |ref={{sfnref|Panikkar, Gulab Singh|1930}}}}
* {{citation |last=Ramachandran |first=D. P. |title=Empire's First Soldiers |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6Q7EiZmcMPMC&pg=PA171 |year=2008 |publisher=Lancer Publishers |isbn=978-0-9796174-7-8 |pages=171– |ref={{sfnref|Ramachandran, Empire's First Soldiers|2008}}}}
* {{citation |last=Sarkar |first=Col. Bhaskar |title=Outstanding Victories of the Indian Army, 1947-1971 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G2IADAAAQBAJ&pg=PA40 |year=2016 |publisher=Lancer Publishers |isbn=978-1-897829-73-8 |pages=40–|ref={{sfnref|Sarkar, Outstanding Victories of the Indian Army|2016}}}}
* {{citation |last=Singh |first=V. K. |title=Leadership in the Indian Army: Biographies of Twelve Soldiers |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cJDsk_g6tXUC&pg=PA160 |year=2005 |publisher=SAGE Publications |isbn=978-0-7619-3322-9 |pages=160– |ref={{sfnref|V. K. Singh, Leadership in the Indian Army|2005}}}}

{{Jammu and Kashmir}}
{{Municipalities of Jammu and Kashmir}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Rajouri district]]
[[Category:Rajouri district]]

Rajouri - Revision history

imported>Serols: Reverted edits by Mohammedosman5493 (talk): not providing a reliable source (WP:CITE, WP:RS) (HG) (3.4.10)