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{{Short description|Indian author, director and screenwriter}}
{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2018}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Rajinder Singh Bedi
| image = Rajinder Singh Bedi (1915-1984).jpg
| imagesize = 150px
| caption =
| birthname = Rajinder Singh Bedi
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1915|09|01}}<ref name=sikh/>
| birth_place = [[Sialkot]], [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab]], British India
| occupation = [[Novelist]], [[playwright]], [[film director]], [[screenwriter]]
| death_date = 1984
| death_place = [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]]
| yearsactive = 1933–1984
| awards = [[Filmfare Best Dialogue Award|1959 Filmfare Best Dialogue Award]]:[[Madhumati]] (1958)<br />[[Filmfare Best Dialogue Award|1971 Filmfare Best Dialogue Award]]:[[Satyakam]] (1969) <br />1965 [[Sahitya Akademi Award]]
}}
'''Rajinder Singh Bedi''' (1 September 1915 – 1984) was an Indian [[Urdu]] writer of the [[Progressive Writers' Movement|progressive writers' movement]] and a playwright, who later worked in [[Hindi cinema]] as a film director, screenwriter and dialogue writer and he is grandfather [[Rajat Bedi]] an [[Manek Bedi]].

As a screenwriter and dialogue writer, he is best known for [[Hrishikesh Mukherjee]]'s films {{Lang|hi-latn|[[Abhimaan (1973 film)|Abhimaan]]}}, ''[[Anupama (1966 film)|Anupama]]'' and ''[[Satyakam]]''; and [[Bimal Roy]]'s ''[[Madhumati]]''. As a director he is known for ''[[Dastak (1970 film)|Dastak]]'' (1970), starring [[Sanjeev Kumar]] and [[Rehana Sultan]] and ''[[Phagun (1973 film)|Phagun]]'' (1973), starring [[Dharmendra]], [[Waheeda Rehman]], [[Jaya Bachchan|Jaya Bhaduri]] and [[Vijay Arora]]. He wrote his scripts in [[Urdu]], like a number of other prominent screenwriters at the time.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Aḵẖtar|first1=Jāvīd|author-link1=Javed Akhtar|last2=Kabir|first2=Nasreen Munni|title=Talking Films: Conversations on Hindi Cinema with Javed Akhtar|date=2002|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|isbn=9780195664621|page=49|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_JILAQAAMAAJ|language=en|quote=most of the writers working in this so-called Hindi cinema write in Urdu: [[Gulzar]], or Rajinder Singh Bedi or [[Inder Raj Anand]] or [[Rahi Masoom Raza]] or [[Wajahat Mirza|Vahajat Mirza]], who wrote dialogue for films like ''[[Mughal-e-Azam]]'' and ''[[Gunga Jumna]]'' and ''[[Mother India]]''. So most dialogue-writers and most song-writers are from the Urdu discipline, even today.}}</ref>

Bedi is considered one of the leading 20th century [[progressivism|progressive]] writers of [[Urdu literature|Urdu fiction]], and one of the most prominent Urdu fiction writers.<ref>[http://www.sikh-heritage.co.uk/arts/bollywoodgreats/bollygreats.htm Bollywood greats]</ref><ref>[http://www.urdustudies.com/auinfo/BediRS.html Urdu Studies]</ref> He is most known for 'disturbing' [[Partition of India]] tales.<ref>{{cite web | title = Emergency? No thanks|date=16 July 2005| url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Opinion/Sunday_Specials/Emergency_No_thanks/rssarticleshow/1172938.cms | access-date = 2014-08-26 | work = The Times of India}}</ref>

==Biography==

===Early life===
Bedi was born in village [[Dhallewali]] in [[Sialkot District|Sialkot district]], [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab]], now in [[Pakistan]], to Hira Singh Bedi and Seva Dai.<ref name=sikh>{{cite book|first=Ranjit|last=Singh|title=Sikh Achievers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qfuDnpVlmlcC&pg=PA152|date= 2008|publisher=Hemkunt Press|isbn=978-81-7010-365-3|pages=152–153}}</ref> He spent his early years in [[Lahore]], where he received his education in Urdu, as it was common to most Punjabi families, though he never graduated from a college.<ref>[https://dsal.uchicago.edu/books/annualofurdustudies/pager.html?volume=5&objectid=PK2151.A6152_5_087.gif The Films of Rajinder Singh Bedi – Annual of Urdu Studies. v. 5, 1985]</ref>

===Career===

His first collection of short stories, ''Daan-O-Daam'' (The Catch), featuring his prominent story "Garam Coat" (Warm Coat) was published in 1940.<ref>[https://dsal.uchicago.edu/books/annualofurdustudies/pager.html?volume=5&objectid=PK2151.A6152_5_087.gif The Films of Rajinder Singh Bedi – Annual of Urdu Studies. v. 5, p 83. 1985]</ref> In 1942, he published his second collection of short stories, ''Grehan'' (The Eclipse).<ref name="The Tribune India 1915">{{cite web | author=The Tribune India | title=Long & short of story, Bedi was special | website=Tribuneindia News Service | date=1915-09-01 | url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/features/long-short-of-story-bedi-was-special-126227 | access-date=2021-10-31}}</ref>

In 1943, he joined Maheshwari Films, a small Lahore film studio, although after one and half years he returned to All India Radio and was posted to Jammu, where he worked until 1947, and became the Director of Jammu and Kashmir Broadcasting Service.
By the time of Partition Rajinder Singh Bedi had published numerous more short stories, and had made a name for himself as a prolific writer. His Urdu novel, ''Ek Chadar Maili Si'', translated into English as ''I Take This Woman'', by ''[[Khushwant Singh]]'' received the [[Sahitya Akademi Award to Urdu Writers|Sahitya Akademi Award]] in 1965.<ref>[http://www.sahitya-akademi.org/sahitya-akademi/awa10322.htm#urdu Sahitya Akademi Awards – Urdu] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080410060236/http://www.sahitya-akademi.org/sahitya-akademi/awa10322.htm |date=10 April 2008 }}</ref> The book was later translated into Hindi, Kashmiri and Bengali.{{Citation needed|date=February 2016}}

His later collections of short stories were ''Kokh Jali'' and ''Apne Dukh Mujhe Dedo'' and a collection of plays, ''Saat Khel''.<ref>[http://motso.wordpress.com/2007/01/29/history-of-urdu-literature/ History of Urdu Literature]</ref>

===Films===
After the partition of India in 1947, he moved to [[Mumbai|Bombay]], and started working with D. D. Kashyap and got his first screen credit for dialogue, in the 1949 film ''[[Badi Bahen]]'', although he received greater recognition for his second film ''[[Daag (1952 film)|Daag]]'', a 1952 film.<ref>[https://dsal.uchicago.edu/books/annualofurdustudies/pager.html?volume=5&objectid=PK2151.A6152_5_087.gif The Films of Rajinder Singh Bedi – Annual of Urdu Studies. v. 5, p. 81, 1985]</ref>

In 1954, he joined with Amar Kumar, Balraj Sahni, Geeta Bali and others to create a new company called Cine Cooperative. In 1955, it produced its first film, ''[[Garam Coat]]''. Based on Bedi's short story ''Garam Coat'', starring Balraj Sahni and Nirupa Roy, and directed by Aman Kumar, the film gave Bedi the chance to write an entire screenplay.{{Citation needed|date=February 2016}}

Their second film, ''Rangoli'' (1962), starring Kishore Kumar, Vyjayantimala, and Durga Khote, was also directed by Amar Kumar.<ref>[https://dsal.uchicago.edu/books/annualofurdustudies/pager.html?objectid=PK2151.A6152_5_088.gif The Films of Rajinder Singh Bedi – Annual of Urdu Studies. v. 5, p. 82, 1985]</ref>

He continued to display his range in dialogue writing styles in many classic Hindi films, starting with [[Sohrab Modi]]'s ''[[Mirza Ghalib (1954 film)|Mirza Ghalib]]'' (1954), [[Bimal Roy]]'s ''[[Devdas (1955 film)|Devdas]]'' (1955), and ''[[Madhumati]]'' (1958); Amar Kumar and Hrishikesh Mukherjee's films, ''[[Anuradha (1960 film)|Anuradha]]'' (1960), ''[[Anupama (1966 film)|Anupama]]'' (1966), ''[[Satyakam]]'' (1969) and {{Lang|hi-latn|[[Abhimaan (1973 film)|Abhimaan]]}} (1973).

He made his directorial debut with Hindi classic ''[[Dastak (1970 film)|Dastak]]'' (1970), starring [[Sanjeev Kumar]] and [[Rehana Sultan]], with music by [[Madan Mohan (composer)|Madan Mohan]], and in the following decade he directed three more films: ''Phagun'' (1973), ''Nawab Sahib'' (1978) and ''Aankhin Dekhi'' (1978).{{Citation needed|date=February 2016}}

His novella ''Ek Chadar Maili Si'' was made into a film in Pakistan, ''Mutthi Bhar Chawal'' (1978)<ref>[http://www.dawn.com/weekly/images/archive/050814/images1.htm Back to Classics]</ref> and later in India, as ''[[Ek Chadar Maili Si]]'' (1986).<ref>[http://picturesquepicture.blogspot.com/2007/10/ek-chadar-maili-si-1986.html A study of the film, ''Ek Chadar Maili Si'']</ref>

His son [[Narender Bedi]] was also a film director and the maker of films including ''[[Jawani Diwani]]'' (1972), ''[[Benaam (1974 film)|Benaam]]'' (1974), ''[[Rafoo Chakkar]]'' (1975), and ''[[Sanam Teri Kasam (1982 film)|Sanam Teri Kasam]]'' (1982). He died in 1982, a few years after Bedi's wife. Thereafter, Bedi's health consistently deteriorated. He suffered paralysis in 1982 and died in Bombay two years later.<ref name=sikh/>

His short story 'Lajwanti' was made into a telefilm, by [[Neena Gupta]] in 2006.<ref>[https://archive.today/20130204014748/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1060721/asp/etc/story_6499294.asp A telefilm ''[[Lajwanti (TV series)]]'' by Neena Gupta]</ref>

==Legacy==
In his memory, the Government of Punjab has started a "Rajinder Singh Bedi Award" in the field of Urdu Literature.<ref>[http://www.punjabgovt.nic.in/GOVERNMENT/GOVT75P.HTM Language Department, Govt. of Punjab]</ref>

==Filmography==
* [[Ek Chadar Maili Si]] (1986) – Story
* Aankhon Dekhi (1978) – Director
* [[Mutthi Bhar Chawal]] (1978) – Story
* [[Nawab Sahib]] (1978) – Director
* [[Phagun (1973 film)|Phagun]] (1973) – Director, producer
* [[Abhimaan (1973 film)|Abhimaan]] (1973) – Dialogue
* Grahan (1972) – Story
* [[Dastak (1970 film)|Dastak]] (1970)- Direction, screenwriter
* [[Satyakam]] (1969) – Dialogue
* [[Mere Hamdam Mere Dost]] (1968) – Screenwriter
* [[Baharon Ke Sapne]] (1967) – Dialogue
* [[Anupama (1966 film)|Anupama]] (1966) – Dialogue
* [[Mere Sanam]] (1965) – Screenwriter, Dialogue
* [[Rangoli (film)|Rangoli]] (1962) – Dialogue, screenwriter, Producer
* [[Aas Ka Panchhi]] (1961) – Screenwriter
* ''[[Mem-Didi]]'' (1961) - Screenwriter
* [[Anuradha (1960 film)|Anuradha]] (1960) – Dialogue
* [[Bombai Ka Baboo]] (1960) – Dialogue
* [[Madhumati]] (1958)- Dialogue
* [[Musafir (1957 film)|Musafir]] (1957) _ Dialogue
* [[Basant Bahar (film)|Basant Bahar]] (1956) – Dialogue
* [[Milap]] (1955) – Dialogue
* ''[[Garam Coat]]'' (1955) – Dialogue, screenwriter, producer
* [[Devdas (1955 film)|Devdas]] (1955) – Dialogue
* [[Mirza Ghalib (1954 film)|Mirza Ghalib]] (1954)- Dialogue
* [[Daag (1952 film)|Daag]] (1952) – Dialogue
* ''[[Aaram (film)|Aaram]]'' - Dialogue (1951)
* [[Badi Bahen]] (1949) – Dialogue

==Awards==

===Films===
* [[Filmfare Best Story Award|1956 Filmfare Best Story Award]]: ''[[Garam Coat]]'' (1955)
* [[Filmfare Best Dialogue Award|1959 Filmfare Best Dialogue Award]]: ''[[Madhumati]]'' (1958)
* [[Filmfare Best Dialogue Award|1971 Filmfare Best Dialogue Award]]:''[[Satyakam]]'' (1969)

===Literary awards===
* 1965 [[Sahitya Akademi Award]] Urdu :''Ek Chadar Maili Si'' ('I Take This Woman')<ref>[http://www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in/old_version/awa10322.htm#urdu Sahitya Akademi Awards – Urdu] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090916132928/http://www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in/old_version/awa10322.htm |date=16 September 2009 }} ''1955–2007''. [[Sahitya Akademi]] Official listings.</ref>
* 1978 [[Ghalib Award]] – Urdu Drama.<ref>[http://www.ghalibinstitute.com/awards.htm Ghalib Award] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020122828/http://www.ghalibinstitute.com/awards.htm |date=20 October 2013 }}''ghalibinstitute.com''</ref>

==Bibliography==
* ''I Take This Woman''. Penguin India. {{ISBN|0-14-024048-9}}.
* ''Rajinder Singh Bedi: Selected Short Stories'' (In English). New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi, 1989.
* ''Give Me Your Sorrows'' trans. Leonard, Karen, Indian Literature, Delhi, 1968.
* ''Grahan'' (Urdu). Maktaba Jamia, 1992.
* ''Garam Kot'' (Urdu). Sang-e-Meel Publications.
* ''Majmua Rajindar Singh Bedi''. Sang-e-Meel Publications.
* ''Sat Khel''. Maktaba Jamia, 1982.
* ''Dastak''. Hind Pocket Book, 1971.
* ''The Penguin Book of Classic Urdu Stories''. Penguin, 2006. {{ISBN|0-670-99936-9}}.
* ''Lajwanti, Land of five rivers''. Orient Paperbacks Delhi, 1956.

==Work on Rajinder Singh Bedi==
* Rajinder Singh Bedi: Shakhsiyat aur Fan by Jagdish Chander Wadhawan, 1999, Educational Publishing House, {{ISBN|81-87667-00-1}}.
*''Rajinder Singh Bedi: A Study'', by Varis Hussain Alvi. 2006.<ref>[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1402148.cms The Times of India] ''[[Times of India]]''.</ref>
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=_7ksAAAAIAAJ&q=Rajinder+Singh+Bedi Rajinder Singh Bedi] ''Sounds and Whispers: Reflections on the Literary Scene, 1984–86'', by Abulkhair Kashfi, Syed Abu Ahmad Akif. Asasa Books, 1991. Chapter 25 – "Rajinder Singh Bedi:The Last Pillar Of Modem Urdu Short Story", page 111.
* [https://dsal.uchicago.edu/books/annualofurdustudies/pager.html?volume=5&objectid=PK2151.A6152_5_087.gif Progressive Filmmaker: Films of Rajinder Singh Bedi – ''Annual of Urdu Studies'']
* ''India Partitioned: The Other Face of Freedom'', edited by [[Mushirul Hasan]]. New Delhi, Roli Books, 1995
* ''Shadow Lives: Writings on Widowhood'', edited by Uma Chakravarti and Preeti Gill. Kali for Women, New Delhi. 2002.<ref>[http://www.tribuneindia.com/2002/20020929/spectrum/book9.htm Writings on Widowhood] ''[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]]'', 29 September 2002.</ref>

==See also==
* [[Urdu literature]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb name|id=0066074|name=Rajinder Singh Bedi}}
* [http://www.sikh-history.com/literature/stories/lajwanti.html Lajwanti – a short story by Rajinder Singh Bedi]
* [http://www.dawn.com/2003/01/07/fea.htm Japanese students stage Urdu drama:- Nakl-i-Makaani]
* [https://dsal.uchicago.edu/books/annualofurdustudies/pager.html?volume=5&objectid=PK2151.A6152_5_083.gif 'A Woman' by Rajinder Singh Bedi]
* [http://social.chass.ncsu.edu/Jouvert/v1i2/Didur.htm Prabodh and Maitriya, an article by Rajinder Singh Bedi]
* [http://minds.wisconsin.edu/bitstream/1793/18229/2/16_Byer.pdf Reclaiming the Past: Rediscovery of the Primary Self in Two Novellas by Rajinder Singh Bedi and Qurratulain Hyder. Byer, Corinna, 2001 – The Annual of Urdu Studies.]

{{FilmfareAwardBestDialogue}}
{{FilmfareAwardBestStory}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bedi, Rajinder Singh}}
[[Category:1915 births]]
[[Category:1984 deaths]]
[[Category:Urdu-language writers from India]]
[[Category:Indian male dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:Indian male screenwriters]]
[[Category:Film directors from Punjab, India]]
[[Category:Hindi-language film directors]]
[[Category:Filmfare Awards winners]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Urdu]]
[[Category:People from Sialkot District]]
[[Category:Indian Sikhs]]
[[Category:Punjabi people]]
[[Category:All India Radio people]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:Screenwriters from Punjab, India]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian film directors]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in literature & education]]
[[Category:Recipients of Ghalib Award]]
[[Category:Urdu-language short story writers]]
[[Category:Novelists from Punjab, India]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male writers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian screenwriters]]

Rajinder Singh Bedi - Revision history

Ajay Kumar: Created a new article