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{{Short description|Chhatrapati of the Marathas from 1749 to 1777}}
{{use dmy dates|date=February 2016}}
{{use Indian English|date=February 2016}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Rajaram II
| title = [[Maharaja|Maharaj]]
| image =
| succession = [[Chhatrapati of the Marathas]]
| reign = 15 December 1749 – 11 December 1777
| birth_date = June 1726
| birth_place = [[Kolhapur]], [[Maratha Empire]] {{small|(present-day [[Maharashtra]], [[India]])}}
| death_date = 11 December 1777 (aged 51)
| death_place = [[Satara (city)|Satara]], [[Maratha Empire]] {{small|(present-day Maharashtra, India)}}
| predecessor = [[Shahu I]]
| successor = [[Shahu II of Satara|Shahu II]]
| royal house = [[Bhonsle dynasty|Bhonsale]]
| father = [[Shahu I]] (adoptive)<br>[[Shivaji II]] (claimed biological)
| mother = Bhavani Bai<ref>{{cite web | url=https://thebetterindia.com/121097/rani-tarabai-warrior-queen-maratha-shivaji-aurangzeb-inspiring-woman/ | title=The Forgotten Story of Rani Tarabai, the Indomitable Warrior Queen of the Marathas | date=5 December 2017 }}</ref>
| issue = [[Shahu II of Satara]] (adopted)
| religion = [[Hinduism]]
| reg-type1 = Peshwa
| regent1 = {{Plain list|
*[[Balaji Baji Rao]]
*[[Madhavrao I]]
*[[Narayan Rao]]
*[[Raghunath Rao]]
*[[Madhavrao II]]
}}
}}

'''Rajaram II''' (Rajaram Bhonsale, {{IPA|mr|[ɾaːd͡ʒaɾaːm ˈbʱos(ə)le}}; June 1726 – 11 December 1777), also known as '''Ramaraja''', was the sixth [[Chhatrapati]] of the [[Maratha Empire]].<ref>V.S. Kadam, 1993. ''Maratha Confederacy: A Study in its Origin and Development.'' Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers, New Delhi.</ref> He was an adopted son of Chhatrapati [[Shahu I]]. [[Tarabai]] had presented him to Shahu as her own grandson and used him to grab power after Shahu's death. However, after being sidelined, she stated that Rajaram II was only an impostor. Nevertheless, [[Balaji Baji Rao]] retained him as the Chhatrapati. In reality, Peshwa and other chiefs had all the executive power, while Rajaram II was only a nominal head of the Marathas.

==Early life==
After Shahu's death, Rajaram II was appointed as the new Chhatrapati, the King of Marathas. When [[Peshwa]] [[Balaji Baji Rao]] left for the Mughal frontier, Tarabai urged Rajaram II to remove him from the post of Peshwa. When Rajaram refused, she imprisoned him in a dungeon at Satara, on 24 November 1750. She claimed that he was an imposter from [[Gondhali]] caste and she had falsely presented him as her grandson to Shahu. His health deteriorated considerably during this imprisonment. Tarabai later signed a peace treaty with Balaji Rao, acknowledging his superiority. On 14 September 1752, Tarabai and Balaji Rao took an oath at [[Jejuri#Khandoba Temple|Khandoba temple]] in [[Jejuri]], promising mutual peace. At this oath ceremony, Tarabai also swore that Rajaram II was not her grandson, but an impostor from the Gondhali caste.<ref name="CAKDBP_1918">{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/stream/historyofmaratha03kincuoft#page/2/mode/2up/search/umabai |title=A History of the Maratha People Volume 3 |author1=[[Charles Augustus Kincaid]] |author2=[[Dattatray Balwant Parasnis]] |year=1918 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |pages=2–10 }}</ref> Nevertheless, the Peshwa retained Rajaram II as the titular Chhatrapati and a powerless figurehead.<ref name="BP_2000">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S2Yn4LlujqsC&pg=PA30 |title=Issues in Modern Indian History |editor=Biswamoy Pati |isbn=9788171546589 |publisher=Popular |year=2000 |page=30 }}</ref>

==Reign==

During Rajaram II's reign, the power of the [[Chhatrapati]] based in [[Satara (city)|Satara]] was almost totally overshadowed by his hereditary Peshwas belonging to the [[Bhat family]] in [[Pune]] and other commanders of the confederacy such as the [[House of Holkar|Holkar]]s, [[Gaekwad]], [[Scindia]] and [[Bhonsle (clan)|Bhonsale]] (Nagpur).{{cn|date=August 2020}} During this period, the [[Maratha]]s were engaged in a continual conflict with the [[Durrani Empire]] based in Afghanistan. the [[Third Battle of Panipat]] took place in his time.{{fact|date=October 2020}} The Marathas and the Mughals signed an agreement in 1752. The Marathas agreed to help the Mughals defeat external aggression as well as internal rebellions. The Mughals agreed to appoint Peshwa Balaji Rao as the [[Subahdar]] of [[Ajmer subah|Ajmer]] and [[Agra Subah|Agra]] subah. The Marathas were also granted the right to collect ''[[chauth]]'' from [[Subah of Lahore|Lahore]], [[Subah of Multan|Multan]], [[Sind State|Sindh]] subahs as well as some districts of [[Hisar (city)|Hissar]] and [[Moradabad]]. However, the Mughal emperor had also ceded Lahore and Multan to Ahmad Shah Durrani in order to pacify him. In addition, he did not ratify the transfer of Rajput-ruled territories like Ajmer to the Marathas. This brought the Marathas in conflict with Durranis as well as Rajputs.<ref name="GSC_2005"/> [[Madho Singh I|Madho Singh]] sought help from [[Shuja-ud-Daula]] as well as the Afghan king [[Ahmad Shah Durrani]] (Abdali).<ref name="GSC_2005">{{cite book |author=G.S.Chhabra |title=Advance Study in the History of Modern India (Volume 1: 1707–1803) |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UkDi6rVbckoC&pg=PA19 |date= 2005 |publisher=Lotus Press |isbn=978-81-89093-06-8 |pages=29–47 }}</ref> The Maratha-[[Jat people|Jat]] relations also worsened during Rajaram's reign.

He was succeeded by [[Shahu II of Satara]], another adopted titular ruler.

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{s-start}}
{{succession box |
before=[[Shahuji]] |
title=[[Chhatrapati]] of the<br /> [[Maratha Empire]] |
years=1749–1777 |
after=[[Shahu II of Satara|Shahu II]]
}}
{{s-end}}
{{MarathaEmpire}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rajaram 02 Of Satara}}
[[Category:Rajas of Satara]]
[[Category:Maratha kings]]

Rajaram II of Satara - Revision history

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