imported>AnomieBOT: Dating maintenance tags: {{Cn}}

2021-08-20T05:43:16Z

Dating maintenance tags: {{Cn}}

New page

{{short description|Indian food}}
{{Other uses}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}
{{Infobox food
| name = Raita
| image = Onion Raita.jpg
| image_size = 300px
| caption = A cucumber and onion raita
| alternate_name = {{lang|hi|रायता}}, {{lang|bn|রায়তা}}<br/>[[Pachadi]]
| country =
| region = [[Indian subcontinent]] with regional variations
| national_cuisine = [[Indian cuisine|India]], [[Bangladeshi cuisine|Bangladesh]], [[Pakistani cuisine|Pakistan]], [[Nepali cuisine|Nepal]]
| creator =
| course = Condiment
| served = Cold
| main_ingredient = [[Dahi (curd)|Dahi]] (yogurt), [[buttermilk]], [[cucumber]], [[Mentha|mint]]
| variations = [[Dahi chutney]], [[Pachadi]]
| calories = 46
| other =
}}

'''Raita''' is a side dish in [[Indian cuisine]] made of [[dahi (curd)|dahi]] (yogurt, often referred to as [[curd]]) together with raw or cooked vegetables, more seldom fruit, or in the case of boondi raita, with fried droplets of batter made from besan (chickpea flour, generally labeled as [[gram flour]]).

The closest approximation in western cuisine is a side dish or [[dip (food)|dip]], or a cooked [[salad]]. It is often referred to as a condiment, but unlike traditional western condiments like salt, pepper, mustard and horseradish that make dishes more spicy, a dish of dahi or raita has a cooling effect to contrast with spicy curries and kebabs that are the main fare of some Asian cuisines. In Indian cuisine, some type of flatbread may be eaten together with raita, [[chutney]]s and pickles.

The yogurt may be seasoned with [[coriander]], roasted [[cumin]] seeds; [[Mentha|mint]], [[cayenne pepper]], [[chaat masala]] and other herbs and spices.

==Etymology==
The word ''raita'' first appeared in print around the 19th century; it comes from the [[Hindi]] language.<ref name=Sedgwick>{{cite book|last=Sedgwick|first=Fred|title=Where words come from: A dictionary of word origins|year=2009|publisher=Continuum International Publishing group|location=London |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cKQFoS0reu8C&pg=PA146 |isbn=9781847062741}}</ref> The word ''raita'' in [[Bengali language]] and [[Hindustani language|Hindustani]] is a [[portmanteau]] of the [[Sanskrit]] word ''rajika'' or the derivative Hindustani ''rai'' (pronounced "ra-ee") meaning [[black mustard]] seed, and ''tiktaka'', meaning sharp or pungent.<ref name=MW>{{cite web|title=Raita|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/raita|publisher=Merriam Webster}}</ref>
In South India, especially [[Kerala]] and [[Tamil Nadu]], traditional raita is called ''[[pachadi]]''.{{Cn|date=August 2021}}

Raita is also sometimes simply called ''dahi'', or "sourmilk", after its main ingredient, particularly in [[Indian South Africans|South African Indian]] cuisine.{{Cn|date=August 2021}}

==Preparation==
[[File:Tawa pulao and boondi raita.JPG|thumb|[[Pilaf|Pulao]] served with ''boondi raita'']]
[[Cumin]] (''{{transl|hi|zīrā}}'') and black mustard (''{{transl|hi|rāī }}'') are fried. This [[chaunk|tempering]] is then mixed with minced, raw vegetables or fruits (such as [[cucumber]], onion, carrot, [[pineapple]], [[papaya]]) and yogurt.<ref name=TOI1>{{cite news|last=Mehta Gambhir |first=Aloka |title=Tandoori chicken with Tomato Raita|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/health-fitness/diet/Tandoori-chicken-with-tomato-raita/articleshow/8566514.cms|access-date=22 December 2019 |newspaper=The Times of India|date=25 May 2011}}</ref>

Raw [[ginger]] and garlic paste, [[green chili]] paste, and sometimes mustard paste are used to enrich flavour. {{citation needed|date=May 2014}}

A variety of raita of India varies from region to region, most notable raithas are boondi raitha—tiny balls of fried [[gram flour]] (chickpea flour), which may taste salty or ''tīkhā'' (spicy) and onion raita and vegetable raita. The mixture is served chilled. Raita may cool the palate when eating spicy [[Indian cuisine|Indian]] dishes.<ref name=Diabetes>{{cite book|author=American Dietetic Association|title=Cultural Food Practices|year=2009|publisher=American Dietetic Associat|pages=244|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=THX9ElbT4AAC|isbn=9780880914338}}</ref>

==Pachadi==
{{main|Pachadi}}

Pachadi is the South Indian variation of Raita.{{Cn|date=August 2021}}

==Variants==
[[File:Onion Raita.jpg|thumb|Onion Raita]]
[[File:Spring onion raitha.jpg|thumb|Spring onion raita]]
[[File:Boondhi raita picture.JPG|thumb|Boondi raita]]
[[File:Pomegranate raita.jpg|thumb|Pomegranate raita]]
Raitas can be prepared with three main base ingredients: vegetables, [[Pulse (legume)|pulses]] and fruits. These are mixed with yogurt and flavoured with a variety of [[seasoning]]s to make different types of raita.<ref name=Orient>{{cite book|title=Basic Food Preparation|year=1986|publisher=Orient Longman Private limited|isbn=81-250-2300-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zXHVH-hqVE4C&q=raita&pg=PA242|edition=Third}}</ref>

===Vegetable raitas===
# [[Chenopodium album|Bathua ka Raita]], popular in [[Haryana]] in winters<ref>[http://masterchefu.com/bathua-ka-raita/ Bathua ka Raita | Haryana and [[Uttar Pradesh]] bathua recipe | Indian cuisine], masterchefu.com.</ref>
# [[Cucumber raita]]
# Lauki (Bottle Gourd/[[Calabash]]) Raita, popular in [[Haryana]] and [[Uttar Pradesh]]
# [[Beetroot]] raita
# [[Brinjal]] raita
# Carrot raita [https://code2cook.com/gajar-ka-raita-carrot-yoghurt-raita/ Carrot Raita]
# Chili salt raita, could be chopped fresh chilies or just the dried chili powder
# [[Horned melon]] raita
# [[Mentha|Mint]] and peanut raita
# Onion [[coriander]] [[spring onion]] raita
# Onion tomato raita
# Potato raita [https://code2cook.com/aloo-raita-potato-in-yoghur/ Potato Raita]
# [[Pumpkin]] raita
# [[Spinach]] raita
# Garlic Mint Raita [https://www.khanekifarm.com/2021/05/15-Tasty-Raita-Varieties%20.html Garlic Mint Raita]

===Pulse raitas===
Made either from sprouted pulses, roasted pulses or other condiments made from pulse flour.
# Bhujia [[Sev (food)|sev]] raita
# [[Boondi]] raita
# Sprouted [[green gram]] raita

===Fruit raitas===
# Banana raita
# [[Mango]] raita
# [[Guava]] raita
# Grape raita
# [[Pineapple]] raita
# [[Pomegranate]] raita
# [[Pear]] raita

==Serving methods==
===As a side dish===
Raita is served as a side dish to be eaten with main course dishes.<ref name=Orient />

* [[Biryani]]
* ''Pulav'' ([[pilaf]])
* [[Seekh kabab]]
* [[Paratha]]
* [[pav bhaji]]

===As a sauce (not traditional) ===
* Grilled Chicken
* Salmon
* Tacos

===As a dressing (not traditional) ===
* [[Salads]]
* Budda Bowl
* Pasta Salad

==See also==
{{portal|Food}}
{{cookbook|Raita}}
[[Tzatziki]], a similar dish found in Eastern Mediterranean and Middle Eastern cuisine

; Lists
* [[List of condiments]]
* [[Dip (food)#List of common dips|List of dips]]
* [[List of yogurt-based dishes and beverages]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Raita}}
*[http://www.indianrecipes.lv/recipes/pudina-raita.html Pudina (mint) Raita]

{{Yogurts}}
{{Indian Dishes}}

[[Category:Indian condiments]]
[[Category:Uttar Pradeshi cuisine]]
[[Category:Mughlai cuisine]]
[[Category:Telangana cuisine]]
[[Category:Bengali cuisine]]
[[Category:Punjabi cuisine]]
[[Category:Bihari cuisine]]
[[Category:Yogurt-based dishes]]
[[Category:Kerala cuisine]]

Raita - Revision history

imported>AnomieBOT: Dating maintenance tags: {{Cn}}