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← Older revision		Revision as of 02:04, 30 December 2021
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	==Works==		==Works==
	~~===By Panikkar===~~
	* ''The Unknown Christ of Hinduism'' (1964)		* ''The Unknown Christ of Hinduism'' (1964)
	* ''The "crisis" of [[Madhyamika]] and Indian philosophy today''. [[University of Hawaii]] Press (1966)		* ''The "crisis" of [[Madhyamika]] and Indian philosophy today''. [[University of Hawaii]] Press (1966)
	* ''Cometas: Fragmentos de un diario espiritual de la postguerra''. Euramerica, S.A. (first edition; 1972)		* ''Cometas: Fragmentos de un diario espiritual de la postguerra''. Euramerica, S.A. (first edition; 1972)
	* ''Worship and secular man: An essay on the liturgical nature of man, considering secularization as a major phenomenon of our time and worship as an apparent fact of all times; A study towards an ~~[[Integral movement\|~~integral~~]] [[~~anthropology]]''. Orbis Books, 1973		* ''Worship and secular man: An essay on the liturgical nature of man, considering secularization as a major phenomenon of our time and worship as an apparent fact of all times; A study towards an integral anthropology''. Orbis Books, 1973
	* ''The Trinity and the religious experience of man: Icon-person-mystery''. Orbis Books, 1973 {{ISBN\|0-88344-495-X}}		* ''The Trinity and the religious experience of man: Icon-person-mystery''. Orbis Books, 1973 {{ISBN\|0-88344-495-X}}
	* ''The [[Veda\|Vedic]] Experience: Mantramañjari: An Anthology Of The Vedas For Modern Man''. Berkeley: [[University of California]] Press, 1977.		* ''The [[Veda\|Vedic]] Experience: Mantramañjari: An Anthology Of The Vedas For Modern Man''. Berkeley: [[University of California]] Press, 1977.
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	*''The Rhythm of Being. The [[Gifford Lectures]]''. Orbis Books, June 20, 2009. {{ISBN\|978-1-57075-855-3}}		*''The Rhythm of Being. The [[Gifford Lectures]]''. Orbis Books, June 20, 2009. {{ISBN\|978-1-57075-855-3}}

	===~~About Panikkar~~===		==References==
			<references/>

			==Further reading==
	*''Theological Approach and Understanding of Religions: Jean Danielou and Raimundo Panikkar: A Study in Contrast'' by Dominic Veliath. Kristu Jyoti College (1988)		*''Theological Approach and Understanding of Religions: Jean Danielou and Raimundo Panikkar: A Study in Contrast'' by Dominic Veliath. Kristu Jyoti College (1988)
	* ''[https://www.isje.org/it/studia-et-documenta-6/volumi-pubblicati/vol-11-2017/ Raimon Panikkar: a propósito de una biografía] (''in: ''Studia et Documenta Vol. 11,'' p. 323-348) by Josep-Ignasi Saranyana. Rome: Istituto Storico San Josemaría Escrivá (2017)		* ''[https://www.isje.org/it/studia-et-documenta-6/volumi-pubblicati/vol-11-2017/ Raimon Panikkar: a propósito de una biografía] (''in: ''Studia et Documenta Vol. 11,'' p. 323-348) by Josep-Ignasi Saranyana. Rome: Istituto Storico San Josemaría Escrivá (2017)
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	* D'Sa, Francis X. "Panikkar, Raimon (1918-2010)." ''[[ACPI Encyclopedia of Philosophy]]''. Ed. Johnson J. Puthenpurackal. Bangalore: ATC (2010). 2:1005-1009.		* D'Sa, Francis X. "Panikkar, Raimon (1918-2010)." ''[[ACPI Encyclopedia of Philosophy]]''. Ed. Johnson J. Puthenpurackal. Bangalore: ATC (2010). 2:1005-1009.
	* Gispert-Sauch, G. "Raimon Panikkar." ''[[Vidyajyoti College of Theology\|Vidyajyoti: Journal of Theological Reflection]]''(December 2010).		* Gispert-Sauch, G. "Raimon Panikkar." ''[[Vidyajyoti College of Theology\|Vidyajyoti: Journal of Theological Reflection]]''(December 2010).
	*FrancisTharamel,Xavier.Anthropocosmic-theism: Towards a Thesitic Re-orientation of Raimon Panikkar's Theology of Religious Pluralism (PhD Thesis in Theology at the University of Birmingham,UK,2018)

	~~==References==~~
	~~<references/>~~

	==External links==		==External links==

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{{Infobox person
| name = Raimon Panikkar
| image = Raimon Panikkar.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Panikkar in 2007
| birth_date = {{birth date|1918|11|02}}
| birth_name = Raimon Pannikar Alemany
| birth_place = [[Barcelona]], [[Spain]]
| death_date = {{death date|2010|08|26}} (aged 91)
| death_place = [[Tavertet]], [[Spain]]
| occupation = [[Roman Catholic]] priest, [[theologian]], scholar, chemist, philosopher
}}

'''Raimon Panikkar Alemany''', also known as '''Raimundo Panikkar''' and '''Raymond Panikkar'''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lavanguardia.es/lv24h/20100826/53990452372.html|title=Biodata|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20100829081848/http://www.lavanguardia.es/lv24h/20100826/53990452372.html|archivedate=2010-08-29|language=es}}</ref> (November 2, 1918 – August 26, 2010), was a Spanish [[Roman Catholic]] priest and a proponent of [[Interfaith dialogue]]. As a scholar, he specialized in [[comparative religion]].

==Early life and education==
Raimon Panikkar was born to a Spanish [[Roman Catholic]] mother and a [[Hindu]] [[India]]n father in [[Barcelona]].<ref name="time">{{cite news |last1=Sullivan |first1=Amy |title=Raimon Panikkar |url=http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,2017217,00.html |work=Time |date=20 September 2010}}</ref> His mother was well-educated and from the [[Catalan people|Catalan]] bourgeoisie. His father, Ramunni Panikkar, belonged to a [[Malabar district|Malabar]] [[Nair]] family from [[South India]]. Panikkar's father was a freedom fighter during [[British Raj|British colonial rule in India]], who later escaped from Britain and married into a Catalan family. Panikkar's father studied in England and was the representative of a German chemical company in Barcelona.{{Citation needed|date=August 2010}}

Educated at a [[Jesuit]] school, Panikkar studied chemistry and philosophy at the universities of [[University of Barcelona|Barcelona]], [[University of Bonn|Bonn]] and [[Complutense University of Madrid|Madrid]], and Catholic theology in Madrid and Rome. He earned a doctorate in philosophy at the [[Complutense University of Madrid|University of Madrid]] in 1946 and a doctorate in chemistry in 1958. He earned a third doctorate in theology at the [[Pontifical Lateran University]] in Rome in 1961, in which compared [[Thomas Aquinas|St. Thomas Aquinas]]'s Philosophy with the 8th-century Hindu philosopher [[Adi Shankara|Ādi Śańkara]]'s interpretation of the [[Brahma Sutras]].<ref name="nyt">{{cite news |last1=Grimes |first1=William |title=Raimon Panikkar, Catholic Theologian, Is Dead at 91 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/05/us/05panikkar.html |work=The New York Times |date=4 September 2010}}</ref>

==Career==
In 1946 he was ordained a [[Catholic priest]] and became a professor of philosophy at the [[Complutense University of Madrid|University of Madrid]].<ref name="nyt" />

He made his first trip to India in 1954 where he studied [[Indian philosophy]] and religion at the [[University of Mysore]] and [[Banaras Hindu University]], where he met several Western monks seeking Eastern forms for the expression of their Christian beliefs. "I left Europe [for India] as a Christian, I discovered I was a Hindu and returned as a Buddhist without ever having ceased to be Christian", he later wrote.<ref name="nyt" /><ref name="time" />

While in Jerusalem during 1962, he was summoned to Rome by the Opus Dei founder and director, [[Josemaría Escrivá]], who expelled him after a brief trial where he was charged with disobedience to the organization.<ref>{{cite book |title= Raimon Panikkar |author= Raffaele Luise |id= San Paolo |place= Milan |year=2011 |pages= 25–32}}</ref>

In 1966 he became a visiting professor at [[Harvard Divinity School]] and a professor of religious studies at the [[University of California, Santa Barbara]] in 1972, and for many years he taught in the spring and spent the rest of the year doing research in India.<ref name="nyt" /> Where the typical approach to cross-cultural religious studies, especially in a secular university, was to hold two or more traditions at arm's length and draw lines of comparison between them, Panikkar's approach was to view issues in the real world through the eyes of two or more traditions.

In 1987 he moved to [[Tavertet]] in [[Catalonia]], in the hills north of Barcelona, where he founded the Raimon Panikkar Vivarium Foundation, a center for intercultural studies.<ref name="nyt" /> In 2005 he created Arbor, <ref>{{cite web|title=Moneyhouse registration|url=http://www.moneyhouse.ch/en/p/panikkar_alemany_raimon-4995690/|website=Moneyhouse}}</ref> for the realization of his principle of interreligious collaboration for the relief of poverty in thousands of villages of India. <ref>{{cite web|title=Arbor Foundation India|url=https://www.arborindia.org|website=Arbor India}}</ref>

Panikkar authored more than 40 books and 900 articles. His complete works are being published in Italian. His 1989 [[Gifford Lectures]] were published in English by Orbis in 2009 under the title ''The Rhythm of Being''.

In a statement from his residence in Tavertet dated January 26, 2010, he wrote: "Dear Friends ... I would like to communicate with you that I believe the moment has come (put off time and again), to withdraw from all public activity, both the direct and the intellectual participation, to which I have dedicated all my life as a way of sharing my reflections. I will continue to be close to you in a deeper way, through silence and prayer, and in the same way I would ask you to be close to me in this last period of my existence. You have often heard me say that a person is a knot in a network of relationships; in taking my leave from you I would like to thank you from the bottom of my heart for having enriched me with the relationship I have had with each of you. I am also grateful to all of those who, either in person or through association, continue working to spread my message and the sharing of my ideals, even without me. Thankful for the gift of life which is only such if lived in communion with others: it is with this spirit that I have lived out my ministry."

==Works==
===By Panikkar===
* ''The Unknown Christ of Hinduism'' (1964)
* ''The "crisis" of [[Madhyamika]] and Indian philosophy today''. [[University of Hawaii]] Press (1966)
* ''Cometas: Fragmentos de un diario espiritual de la postguerra''. Euramerica, S.A. (first edition; 1972)
* ''Worship and secular man: An essay on the liturgical nature of man, considering secularization as a major phenomenon of our time and worship as an apparent fact of all times; A study towards an [[Integral movement|integral]] [[anthropology]]''. Orbis Books, 1973
* ''The Trinity and the religious experience of man: Icon-person-mystery''. Orbis Books, 1973 {{ISBN|0-88344-495-X}}
* ''The [[Veda|Vedic]] Experience: Mantramañjari: An Anthology Of The Vedas For Modern Man''. Berkeley: [[University of California]] Press, 1977.
* ''Colligite fragmenta: For an integration of reality''. [[Villanova University]] Press, 1978
* ''Myth, Faith and [[Hermeneutics]]: Cross Cultural Studies''. [[Paulist Press]], 1979. {{ISBN|0-8091-0232-3}}
* 'Aporias in the comparative philosophy of religion', in ''Man and World'', vol 13, 1980, pp. 357–83.
* ''The Unknown Christ Of Hinduism: Towards An Ecumenical Christophany'' (1981 Maryknoll, N.Y.: Orbis Books.) {{ISBN|0-88344-523-9}}
* ''Blessed Simplicity: The Monk as a Universal Archetype''. San Francisco, CA: [[HarperSanFrancisco]], 1984. {{ISBN|0-8164-0531-X}}
* ''The Silence of God: The Answer of the [[Gautama Buddha|Buddha]]''. Orbis Books; revised edition (June 1989) {{ISBN|0-88344-446-1}}
* ''The Cosmotheandric Experience: Emerging Religious Consciousness'' edited by [[Scott Eastham]]. Orbis Books, June 1993. {{ISBN|0-88344-862-9}}
* ''A Dwelling Place for Wisdom''. Westminster John Knox Press, November 1993 {{ISBN|0-664-25362-8}}
* ''Invisible Harmony: Essays on [[Contemplation]] and Responsibility'' edited by [[Harry J. Cargas|Harry James Cargas]]. [[Augsburg Fortress]] Publishers, June 1995 {{ISBN|0-8006-2609-5}}
*''[[Pluralism (political philosophy)|Pluralism]] and oppression: theology in world perspective'' (co-authored with [[Paul F. Knitter]]). College Theology Society. Lanham, Md.: University Press of America, 1991.
*''Cultural Disarmament: The Way to Peace''. Westminster John Knox Press; September 1, 1995 {{ISBN|0-664-25549-3}}
*''The Intrareligious Dialogue''. Paulist Press; revised edition, July 1999. {{ISBN|0-8091-3763-1}}
*''Christophany: The Fullness Of Man''. Orbis Books, November 30, 2004. {{ISBN|1-57075-564-7}}
*Foreword to ''The Cave of the Heart: The Life of [[Swami Abhishiktananda]]'' by Shirley Du Boulay. Orbis, 2005. {{ISBN|1-57075-610-4}}
*''Espiritualidad Hindu: Sanatana Dharma''. Kairos, 2006 {{ISBN|84-7245-577-7}}
*''The Experience of God: Icons of the Mystery'' (trans. by Joseph Cunneen). Fortress Press, 2006. {{ISBN|0-8006-3825-5}}
*''Initiation to the Vedas''. [[Motilal Banarsidass]], July 15, 2006 {{ISBN|81-208-2954-9}}
*''[[Human Rights]] as A Western Concept'' (co-authored with [[Arvind Sharma]]). D.K. Printworld, 2007, New Delhi. {{ISBN|81-246-0429-0}}
*''The Rhythm of Being. The [[Gifford Lectures]]''. Orbis Books, June 20, 2009. {{ISBN|978-1-57075-855-3}}

===About Panikkar===
*''Theological Approach and Understanding of Religions: Jean Danielou and Raimundo Panikkar: A Study in Contrast'' by Dominic Veliath. Kristu Jyoti College (1988)
* ''[https://www.isje.org/it/studia-et-documenta-6/volumi-pubblicati/vol-11-2017/ Raimon Panikkar: a propósito de una biografía] (''in: ''Studia et Documenta Vol. 11,'' p. 323-348) by Josep-Ignasi Saranyana. Rome: Istituto Storico San Josemaría Escrivá (2017)
*''Emerging Trends in Indian Christology: A Critical Study of the Development, Context and Contemporary Catholic Attempts of R.Panikkar and S.Kappen to Articulate a Relevant Christology in Indian Context''. (1992) by Jacob Parappally, MSFS, {{ISBN|81-85812-12-8}}
*''Christ: The Mystery in History: A Critical Study on the Christology of Raymond Panikkar'' by Cheriyan Menacherry. Peter Lang Publ Inc. (June 1996) {{ISBN|3-631-48369-4}}
*''Christian Advaita as the Hermeneutic Key to Bede Griffiths' Understanding of Inter-religious Dialogue.'' by Kuruvilla Pandikattu Ph D Thesis in Theology, Innsbruck: Univ of Innsbruck, 1996. (Chapter Two deals with Panikkar)
*''The Intercultural Challenge of Raimon Panikkar'', edited by Joseph Prabhu. Orbis Books, November 1996. {{ISBN|1-57075-056-4}}
*''A New Hermeneutic of Reality: Raimon Panikkar's Cosmotheandric Vision'' by Anthony Savari Raj. Peter Lang Publishing (August 1998) {{ISBN|0-8204-3445-0}}
*Valluvassery, Clement. ''Christus im Kontext und Kontext in Christus: Chalcedon und indische Christologie bei Raimon Panikkar und Samuel Rayan'', 2001.
*''An Emerging Cosmotheandric Religion?: Raimon Panikkar's Pluralistic Theology Of Religions'' by Jyri Komulainen. Brill Academic Publishers (January 30, 2005) {{ISBN|90-04-13893-5}}
* D'Sa, Francis X. "Panikkar, Raimon (1918-2010)." ''[[ACPI Encyclopedia of Philosophy]]''. Ed. Johnson J. Puthenpurackal. Bangalore: ATC (2010). 2:1005-1009.
* Gispert-Sauch, G. "Raimon Panikkar." ''[[Vidyajyoti College of Theology|Vidyajyoti: Journal of Theological Reflection]]''(December 2010).
*FrancisTharamel,Xavier.Anthropocosmic-theism: Towards a Thesitic Re-orientation of Raimon Panikkar's Theology of Religious Pluralism (PhD Thesis in Theology at the University of Birmingham,UK,2018)

==References==
<references/>

==External links==
{{commons category}}
* [http://www.google.co.in/search?q=Raimon+Panikkar&hl=en&rlz=1B3GGGL_enIN351IN351&tbs=vid:1&tbo=u&ei=6SW6S53RGMTGrAfO2v3DCg&sa=X&oi=video_result_group&ct=title&resnum=9&ved=0CCwQqwQwCA "Raimon Panikkar talks"]
*[https://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/05/us/05panikkar.html?_r=2&hpw New York Times Obit]
* [http://www.raimon-panikkar.org Official website]
* [http://www.raimonpanikkar.org Web in Raimon Panikkar honoris]
* [https://fonsespecials.udg.edu/Panikkar Personal library in Universitat de Girona ]
* [http://www.share-international.org/ARCHIVES/religion/rl_cfnew-innocence.htm The new innocence: Interview with Raimon Panikkar by Carmen Font]
* [https://them.polylog.org/1/fpr-en.htm ''Religion, Philosophy and Culture'' by Raimon Panikkar]

{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Panikkar, Raimon}}
[[Category:1918 births]]
[[Category:2010 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Spanish Roman Catholic priests]]
[[Category:20th-century Spanish Roman Catholic theologians]]
[[Category:21st-century Spanish Roman Catholic priests]]
[[Category:Indian people of Spanish descent]]
[[Category:21st-century Spanish Roman Catholic theologians]]
[[Category:Banaras Hindu University alumni]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic priests from Catalonia]]
[[Category:Complutense University of Madrid alumni]]
[[Category:Harvard Divinity School faculty]]
[[Category:Malayali people]]
[[Category:Clergy from Barcelona]]
[[Category:Philosophers of religion]]
[[Category:Religious studies scholars]]
[[Category:Spanish people of Indian descent]]
[[Category:Spanish philosophers]]
[[Category:University of Bonn alumni]]
[[Category:University of California, Santa Barbara faculty]]
[[Category:University of Mysore alumni]]

Raimon Panikkar - Revision history

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