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{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}
[[Dewan Bahadur]] '''Sir Raghupathi Venkataratnam Naidu'''<ref name=rk>{{cite book|title=Essays on Social Reform Movements edited by Raj Kumar|year=2004|pages=310–11|isbn=9788171417926|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C7SQW69LLSIC&q=Dewan+Bahadur+Sir+R.+Venkata+Ratnam&pg=PA310|last1=Kumar|first1=Raj}}</ref> (1 October 1862 – 26 May 1939)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Chetti |first1=Sri A. S. |last2=Sarma |first2=G. V. L. N. |title=Great Indian Social Reformers and Philanthropists |date=1975 |publisher=Sri A.S. Chetti Sanmana Sangham |page=67 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J9wEAAAAMAAJ&q=Sir+Raghupathi+Venkataratnam+Naidu+%09May+26,+1939 |access-date=17 April 2019 |language=en}}</ref> was an [[India]]n [[social reform]]er who hailed from [[Machilipatnam]] in [[Andhra Pradesh]] in India.<ref>{{cite book |title=History of modern Andhra |last=Rao |first=P. Raghunatha |page=186 |year=1983 |publisher=Sterling Publishers |isbn=978-0-86590-112-4 }}</ref> His father Appayya Nayadu worked as a subedar in Madras Army. Their forefathers served as commanders in Madras Army and East Indian Company Army since its inception i.e. late 17th Century. He was a disciple of [[Veeresalingam]],<ref>{{cite book |title=Public associations in India |last=Rāyẏa |first=Niśītha Rañjana |page=347 |year=1984 |publisher=Institute of Historical Studies |oclc=13671846 }}</ref> and has been described as "the most powerful orator of his day".<ref>{{cite book |title=Ramblings in Telugu literature |last=Rādhākr̥ṣṇaśarma |first=Callā |page=85 |year=1978 |publisher=Lakshminarayana Granthamala |oclc=8215741 }}</ref>
[[File:Raghupathi Venkataratnam Naidu.jpg|thumb| Raghupathi Venkataratnam Naidu ]]

==Social Reforms==
Raghupathi Venkataratnam Naidu was born on 1 October 1862 in [[Machilipatnam]] in a famous [[Telaga]] Naidu family.<ref>Rao, P. Raghunatha (1983). History of modern Andhra. Sterling Publishers. p. 186. {{ISBN|978-0-86590-112-4}}</ref> As his father, Raghupathi Appayyanaidu worked as [[Subedar]] in the army, he lived in [[Chandrapur]]. This helped him gain knowledge of [[Hindi]], [[Urdu]], [[Persian language|Persian]] languages. He continued his education in [[Nizam]] high school in [[Hyderabad]] when his father was transferred there. He later graduated from [[Madras Christian College]]. He continued further education to complete M.A. and L.T. from [[University of Madras]].

He founded the Social Purity Association in 1891 to train people as honest citizens.<ref>{{cite book |title=Singing the classical, voicing the modern: the postcolonial politics of music in South India |last=Weidman |first=Amanda J. |page=117 |year=2006 |publisher=[[Duke University Press]] |isbn=978-0-8223-3620-4 }}</ref>

He worked for the eradication of [[untouchability]] and upliftment of [[Harijan]]s,<ref name=Bhattacharya/> and founded an [[orphanage]] and a [[hostel]] for Harijan boys and girls in [[Kakinada]].{{Citation needed|date=January 2010}}

He strived for the abolition of the "[[Devadasi]] system" (the system in which women were devoted to the temples and who in the course of time were treated like [[prostitute]]s) in Andhra, and succeeded to a considerable extent.<ref>{{cite book |title=Women's movement and associations: regional perspective, 1860-1993 |last=Subbamma |first=Mallādi |page=14 |year=1994 |publisher=Booklinks |isbn=978-81-85194-30-1 }}</ref>

He promoted [[widow remarriage]]s and encouraged [[women's education]].<ref>{{cite journal |year=1984 |journal=Itihas |publisher=[[Government of Andhra Pradesh]] |volume=12 |pages=24 }}</ref>

He was an ardent [[Brahmo]]<ref>{{cite book |title=Kandukuri Veeresalingam |last=Anjaneyulu |first=D. |page=151 |year=1976 |publisher=[[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)|Ministry of Information and Broadcasting]] |oclc=3849181 }}</ref> and promoted the Brahmo movement in Andhra. The [[Brahmo Samaj]] honored him with the title of "[[Brahmarshi]]".<ref>{{cite book |title=Andhra Pradesh year book |page=294 |year=1986 |publisher=Data News Features }}</ref>

All the above social reforms have led to him being described as the second great social reformer of Andhra, the first being [[Veeresalingam]].<ref name=Bhattacharya>{{cite book |title=Education and the disprivileged: nineteenth and twentieth century India |last=Bhattacharya |first=Sabyasachi |page=95 |year=2002 |publisher=Orient Blackswan |isbn=978-81-250-2192-6 }}</ref>

He was one of the trio of Brahmo Samaj. The other two being Kandukuri Veeresalingam Panthulu and Desiraju Peda Bapayya.

==Educational Achievements==

After passing [[Matriculation]] at [[Hyderabad, India|Hyderabad]], he took his B.A., degree from [[Madras Christian College]] and MA. and L.T. degrees from [[Madras University]].

Joining the teaching line, he worked as the Principal of the Mehboob College, [[Secunderabad]] between 1889 and 1904, and then of the Pitapuram Raja College, Kakinada between 1905 and 1919.<ref>{{cite news |title=Fulfilment is his reward |url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/mp/2002/12/16/stories/2002121601500400.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040321160623/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/mp/2002/12/16/stories/2002121601500400.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=21 March 2004 |work=[[The Hindu]] |date=16 December 2002 |access-date=4 January 2010 }}</ref> In 1925 he became the first elected [[vice chancellor]] of Madras University,<ref>{{cite news |title=Tributes paid to educationist |url=http://www.hindu.com/2009/10/02/stories/2009100252210300.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091006081224/http://www.hindu.com/2009/10/02/stories/2009100252210300.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=6 October 2009 |work=[[The Hindu]] |date=2 October 2009 |access-date=4 January 2010 }}</ref> holding that position until 1928.<ref>{{cite book |title=Social welfare in India |page=347 |year=1960 |publisher=[[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)|Ministry of Information and Broadcasting]] }}</ref> He was conferred a [[knighthood]] by the British government in 1924.<ref>{{cite book |title=Dr. B. Pattabhi Sitaramayya: a political study |last=Kumar |first=A. Prasanna |page=13 |year=1978 |publisher=[[Andhra University Press]] |oclc=5414006 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/32969/pages/6494 The London Gazette, 29 August 1924]</ref>

==Author==
His thoughts and writings were published in 1924 authored by him and V. Ramkrishna Rao - The Message and Ministrations of Dewan Bahadur Sir R. Venkata Ratnam, Volume 3 by Sir R Venkata Ratnam, V. Ramakrishna Rao<ref name=rk/><ref>{{cite book|title=The Message and Ministrations of Dewan Bahadur Sir R. Venkata Ratnam, Volume 3 by Sir R Venkata Ratnam|year=1924|publisher=Vest|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MzzFbNlF2l8C&q=Dewan+Bahadur+TITLE}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Naidu, Raghupathi Venkataratnam}}
[[Category:Brahmos]]
[[Category:Telugu poets]]
[[Category:Telugu writers]]
[[Category:1862 births]]
[[Category:1939 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian social reformers]]
[[Category:Vice Chancellors of the University of Madras]]
[[Category:English-language writers from India]]
[[Category:Dewan Bahadurs]]
[[Category:Knights Bachelor]]
[[Category:Indian knights]]
[[Category:People of British India]]
[[Category:People from Krishna district]]
[[Category:Writers from Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:19th-century Indian essayists]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian essayists]]
[[Category:19th-century Indian educational theorists]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian educational theorists]]
[[Category:Scholars from Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:People from Machilipatnam]]

Raghupathi Venkataratnam Naidu - Revision history

->GreenC bot: Rescued 2 archive links. Wayback Medic 2.5