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{{Short description|Poet and activist from Bangladesh}}
{{for|the Bangladesh politician|Rafiq Uddin Ahmed (politician)}}
'''Rafiq Uddin Ahmed''' ({{lang-bn|রফিক উদ্দিন আহমদ}}) (30 October 1926 – 21 February 1952) was a protester killed during the [[Bengali Language Movement]] that took place in [[East Pakistan]] (currently [[Bangladesh]]) in 1952.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-127143|title=Include language martyrs' biographies in school curriculum|date=2010-02-20|work=The Daily Star|access-date=2017-04-05|language=en}}</ref> He is considered a martyr in Bangladesh.<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-269972|title=Cultural programmes to observe Ekushey|date=2013-02-22|work=The Daily Star|access-date=2017-04-05|language=en}}</ref>[[File:Language Martyr, Rafiq Uddin Ahmed.jpg|thumb|Language Martyr, Rafiq Uddin Ahmed]]

==Early life==
Ahmed was born October 30, 1926 in Paril village (renamed 'Rafiqnagar'<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-127064|title=Museum in honour of Shaheed Rafiq has no memorabilia|date=2010-02-20|work=The Daily Star|access-date=2017-04-05|language=en}}</ref>), [[Singair Upazila|Singair]], [[Manikganj District]], [[East Bengal]], [[British Raj]]. His father's name was Abdul Latif and mother's name was Rafiza Khatun. Rafiq was the eldest son of the couple's five sons and two daughters. Rafiq's grandfather is Mohammad Makhim.<ref name="Singaira Upazila">{{cite web
|url= http://www.singiar.manikganj.gov.bd/site/top_banner/fbd0171d-2011-11e7-8f57-286ed488c766/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A6-%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95-%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%93-%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%98%E0%A6%B0
|title= The first martyr Rafiq Uddin Ahmed
|author= Singaira Upazila
|date=
|publisher=
|access-date=
}}</ref> He passed his matriculation from Baira School in 1949. He studied Intermediate level from [[Government Debendra College|Debendra College]] but dropped out before finishing. He moved to Dhaka and started working in a printing press owned by his father.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Ahmed,_Rafiq_Uddin|title=Ahmed, Rafiq Uddin|last=Akbar|first=ASM Rafiqul|date=|website=Banglapedia|language=en|access-date=2017-04-05}}</ref> In Dhaka, he was admitted to the Department of Accounting Science at the then Jagannath College.

== Bengali Language Movement ==
Ahmed was active in the student protest demanding [[Bengali language|Bengali]] be made the national language of Pakistan on 21 February 1952 despite [[Section 144]](curfew) at [[Dhaka University]].<ref name=":1" /> When police opened fire at the demonstration in front of [[Dhaka Medical College]] premises, Rafiq was shot in the head and died immediately.<ref>Al Helal,Bashir.Bhasha Andoloner Itihash pp,480</ref> His body was found on the east side of Room 5 of the medical hostel. Six to seven agitators found his body on the porch behind the Anatomy Hall.<ref name="Singaira Upazila"/> He was buried at Azimpur Graveyard under guard of [[Pakistan Army]].<ref name=":1" /> His grave, though, was lost and could not be identified later.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-76812|title=Graves of three language martyrs traceless|date=2009-02-21|work=The Daily Star|access-date=2017-04-05|language=en}}</ref>

==Legacy==
He was awarded [[Ekushey Padak]] posthumously in the year 2000 for his sacrifice.<ref name=":1" /> His village has been renamed Rafiqnagar from Paril and Bhasha Shaheed Rafiq Uddin Ahmad Library and Memorial Museum was created in his village in February 2010.<ref name=":0" /> The museum in memoriam of Rafiq was erected as a testament to the patriotism and courage he displayed being a martyr of the movement. The museum is quite empty and does not house many significant artifacts, or memorabilia.<ref name=":0" /> Shaheed Rafiq Smriti Pathagar is a library in Manikganj named after him and was established in 2004.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-236614|title=Library honouring Language Martyr Rafiq, observes 7th anniversary|date=2012-06-02|work=The Daily Star|access-date=2017-04-05|language=en}}</ref> "Chander Moto Chandro Bindu" is a play based on his memoirs.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-176016|title=Memoirs of a Martyr|date=2011-03-02|work=The Daily Star|access-date=2017-04-05|language=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{commons category|Rafiq Uddin Ahmed}}
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070520205804/http://www.pmo.gov.bd/21february/imld_back.htm Short biography] in Prime Minister's official website, Govt. Of Bangladesh

{{Language Movement}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ahmed, Rafiq Uddin}}
[[Category:1926 births]]
[[Category:1952 deaths]]
[[Category:1952 murders in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Bengali language movement activists]]
[[Category:Deaths by firearm in Bangladesh]]
[[Category:People murdered in Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Ekushey Padak]]
[[Category:Burials at Azimpur Graveyard]]

{{Bangladesh-hist-stub}}

Rafiq Uddin Ahmed - Revision history

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