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	{{Short description\|Classification of crops harvested in spring season in the Indian Subcontinent~~}}{{pp-pc\|small=yes~~}}		{{Short description\|Classification of crops harvested in spring season in the Indian Subcontinent}}
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	[[Image:Wheat P1210892.jpg\|thumb\|right\|[[Wheat]]]]		[[Image:Wheat P1210892.jpg\|thumb\|right\|[[Wheat]]]]

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{{Short description|Classification of crops harvested in spring season in the Indian Subcontinent}}{{pp-pc|small=yes}}
{{More citations needed|date=March 2019}}
[[Image:Wheat P1210892.jpg|thumb|right|[[Wheat]]]]
[[Image:Barley.jpg|thumb|[[Barley]]]]

'''Rabi crops''' or
'''rabi harvest''' are [[crop|agricultural crops]] that are sown in [[winter]] and harvested in the spring in [[India]],<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/stream/cyclopindiaeast03balfuoft#page/331/mode/1up|page=331|title=The Cyclopaedia of India and of Eastern and Southern Asia|edition=3|author=Balfor, Edward|year=1885|publisher=Bernard Quaritch|place=London|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140415184601/https://archive.org/stream/cyclopindiaeast03balfuoft#page/331/mode/1up|archive-date=2014-04-15}}</ref> [[Pakistan]] and [[Bangladesh]]. The opposite of the rabi crop is the [[kharif crop]] which is grown after the rabi and zaid (zaa-id) crops are harvested one after another respectively.

==Etymology==
The words ''Kharif'' and ''rabi'' have their origins in Arabic. These came to be used in India with the ascent of the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal empire]] in the Indian subcontinent and have been widely used ever since. The term is derived from the [[Arabic]] word for "[[spring (season)|spring]]", which is used in the [[Indian subcontinent]], where it is the spring harvest (also known as the "winter crop").

==Rabi season==
The rabi crops are sown around mid-November, preferably after the [[monsoon]] rains are over, and harvesting begins in April / May. The crops are grown either with rainwater that has [[Percolation|percolated]] into the ground or using [[irrigation]]. Good rain in winter spoils the [[rabi crops]] but is good for [[kharif crops]].

The major rabi crop in India is [[wheat]], followed by [[barley]], [[mustard seed|mustard]], [[sesame]] and [[peas]]. Peas are harvested early, as they are ready early: Indian markets are flooded with green peas from January to March, peaking in February.

Many crops are cultivated in both kharif and rabi seasons. The agriculture crops produced in India are seasonal in nature and highly dependent on these two monsoons.<ref>[http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/content/sowing-time-rabi-kharif-crop Sowing time of Rabi & Kharif crop | agropedia] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130105051529/http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/content/sowing-time-rabi-kharif-crop |date=2013-01-05 }}</ref>

== Common rabi crops ==
===Cereals===
* [[barley]]
* [[Chickpea|gram]]
* [[rapeseed]]
* [[mustard plant|mustard]]
* [[oat]] (''Avena sativa'')
* [[Wheat]]

* [[Flax|Linseed]]

===Fruits===
List as follows. These are rabi harvests rather than crops as that term is usually applied to [[Annual plant|annuals]] and not [[Perennial plant|perennials]]:<ref name=rab1>[http://agrinfobank.com.pk/rabi-crops-vegetables-fruits-and-pulses/ Rabi proucts list]</ref>
* [[banana]]
*[ber]
* [[Date palm|date]]
* [[grape]]
* [[grape fruit]]
* [[guava]]
* [[kinnow]]
* [[lemon]]
* [[Lime (fruit)|lime]]
* [[mandarin orange]]
* [[mango]]es
* [[Morus (plant)|mulberries]]
* [[Orange (fruit)|orange]]

=== Legumes / lentils ([[dal]]) ===
* [[chickpea]]<ref name=chic1/>
* [[Macrotyloma uniflorum|kulthi]]<ref name=chic1/>
* [[Black-eyed pea|lobias]]<ref name=chic1/>
* [[Lentil#Types|masoor]]<ref name=chic1/>
* [[mung bean]]<ref name=chic1/>
* [[pigeon pea]]
* [[Brassica|toria]]
* [[vigna mungo|Urad bean]]<ref name=chic1>[https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/wheat-sowing-up-7-rice-cereals-acreage-down-so-far/articleshow/56022773.cms Rabi crop planting rises 10% in a week], 2016.</ref>

===Seed plants===
* [[alfalfa]] (also known as lucerne, ''Medicago sativa'')
* [[coriander]] (''Coriandrum sativum, L'')
* [[cumin]] (''Cuminum cyminum, L'')
* [[fenugreek]] (''Trigonella foenumgraecum, L'')
* [[linseed]]
* [[mustard plant|mustard]] (''Brassica juncea L.'')
* [[Plantago ovata|isabgol]] (''Plantago ovata'')
* [[sunflower]]
* Bengal gram
*[[red gram]] ([[black pepper]])

===Vegetables===

* [[bean]]
* [[beetroot]] (chukunder)
* [[brinjal]] (baingan)
* [[broccoli]] (hari gobhi)
* [[cabbage]] (patta gobhi)
* [[capsicum]]<ref name=rab2>[http://haryanaseeds.gov.in/products_vegetables_rabi.html Rabi crops in Haryana], Haryana Seeds Development Corporation.</ref>
* [[carrot]] (gajar)
* [[cauliflowers]] (gobhi)
* [[chickpea]] (also known as gram, ''Cicer arientinum'') (channa)
* [[fenugreek]] (methi)
* [[garlic]] (lehsun)
* [[Okra|lady finger]] (bhendi)
* [[lettuce]] (salad gobhi)
* [[pea]] (mattar)
* [[onion]] (''Allium cepa, L.'') (pyaj)
* [[potato]] (''Solanum tuberosum'') (urulai kizhangu) (aloo)
* [[radish]] (mooli)
* [[spinach]] (palak)
* [[sweet potato]] (shakarkand)
* [[tomato]] (''Solanum lycopersiucum, L'') (tamatar) (thakkali)
* [[turnip]] (shalgum)

===Others===
* [[tobacco]]<ref name=rab1/>

==See also==
* [[Zaid crops]]
*[[Kharif crop|Kharif crops]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070610052510/http://www.fas.usda.gov/pecad2/highlights/2004/04/India2004Assess/index.htm India: 2003/04 Rabi Crop Assessment], US Department of Agriculture

[[Category:Crops]]
[[Category:Agriculture in India]]
[[Category: Agriculture in Pakistan]]

Rabi crop - Revision history

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