Bikram Rout: enhanced page after review and updated info

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	==Early life and background==		==Early life and background==
	Bandyopadhyay was born on 12 April 1885<ref name=e/><ref name=g>{{cite web\|url=https://www.lindahall.org/r-d-banerji/\|title=Scientist of the Day - R. D. Banerji\|date=12 April 2017\|access-date=20 Oct 2020}}</ref> in [[Baharampur\|Berhampore]] of [[Murshidabad District]] in present-day [[Indian States\|Indian state]] of [[West Bengal]] to Matilal and Kalimati.<ref name=e>{{cite news\|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/editorial/rakhaldas-created-history-by-his-own-1.1091882\|title=রাখালদাস নিজেই গড়ে ফেললেন ইতিহাস\|lang=Bengali\|publisher=Anandabazar Patrika\|date= 7 Jan 2020\|access-date=20 Oct 2020}}</ref><ref name=f>{{cite book\|last1=Sengupta\|first1=Subodhchandra\|last2=Bose\|first2=Anjali\|title=Samsad Bangali Charitabhidhan(Biographical dictionary)\|lang=Bengali\|publisher=Sahitya Samsad\|year=1976\|place=Calcutta\|page=455}}</ref> He passed his entrance examination from the [[Krishnath College School]] in Berhampore in 1900. Soon he married Kanchanmala (1891–1931), the daughter of Narendranath Mukhopadhyay. He passed his F.A. examination in 1903 and graduated from [[Presidency College, Kolkata]] with Honours in History in 1907. He obtained his M.A. in History from the [[University of Calcutta\|Calcutta University]] in 1911.<ref>http://www.caluniv.ac.in/about/Teacher.html</ref>		Bandyopadhyay was born on 12 April 1885<ref name=e/><ref name=g>{{cite web\|url=https://www.lindahall.org/r-d-banerji/\|title=Scientist of the Day - R. D. Banerji\|date=12 April 2017\|access-date=20 Oct 2020}}</ref> in [[Baharampur\|Berhampore]] of [[Murshidabad District]] in present-day [[Indian States\|Indian state]] of [[West Bengal]] to Matilal and Kalimati.<ref name=e>{{cite news\|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/editorial/rakhaldas-created-history-by-his-own-1.1091882\|title=রাখালদাস নিজেই গড়ে ফেললেন ইতিহাস\|lang=Bengali\|publisher=Anandabazar Patrika\|date= 7 Jan 2020\|access-date=20 Oct 2020}}</ref><ref name=f>{{cite book\|last1=Sengupta\|first1=Subodhchandra\|last2=Bose\|first2=Anjali\|title=Samsad Bangali Charitabhidhan(Biographical dictionary)\|lang=Bengali\|publisher=Sahitya Samsad\|year=1976\|place=Calcutta\|page=455}}</ref> He passed his entrance examination from the [[Krishnath College School]] in Berhampore in 1900. He lived in [[Bangaon]].<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Five New Heritage Buildings for West Bengal\|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/outlooktraveller/travelnews/story/70419/west-bengal-to-enlist-five-heritage-precincts\|access-date=2021-11-18\|website=https://www.outlookindia.com/outlooktraveller/\|language=en}}</ref> Soon he married Kanchanmala (1891–1931), the daughter of Narendranath Mukhopadhyay. He passed his F.A. examination in 1903 and graduated from [[Presidency College, Kolkata]] with Honours in History in 1907. He obtained his M.A. in History from the [[University of Calcutta\|Calcutta University]] in 1911.<ref>http://www.caluniv.ac.in/about/Teacher.html</ref>

	==Career==		==Career==

>Aakaashjaini91: Deleted the statement that said "HE WAS CHUBBY"

2021-09-29T14:16:36Z

Deleted the statement that said "HE WAS CHUBBY"

← Older revision	Revision as of 19:46, 29 September 2021
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imported>Billjones94 at 08:04, 18 July 2021

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{{short description|Indian archaeologist}}
{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}
{{Infobox academic
|name = R. D. Banerji
|image = Rakhaldas Bandyopadhyay.jpg
|alma_mater = [[University of Calcutta]]
|workplaces = [[Banaras Hindu University]]
|birth_date={{birth date|1885|04|12|df=yes}}<ref name=e/><ref name=g/>|birth_place=[[Berhampore]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[British India]]<br/>(now in [[West Bengal]], [[India]])<ref name=e/><ref name=f/>|death_date={{death date and age|1930|05|23|1885|01|12|df=yes}}|death_place=[[Kalighat]], [[Calcutta]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[British India]]<br/>(now [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]])|occupation=[[Archaeology|Archaeologist]], [[History|historian]], [[Linguistics|linguist]], [[Novel|novelist]]|known_for=Discovering [[Mohenjo-daro]]}}
'''Rakhaldas Bandyopadhyay''' (12 April 1885 – 23 May 1930), also known as '''R D Banerji''', was an Indian archaeologist and museum expert.<ref>[https://www.thehindu.com/children/recognition-at-stake/article25605247.ece/amp/ Recognition at stake] ''The Hindu''. Retrieved 18 July 2021</ref> He was the [[Manindra Chandra Nandy]] Professor of Ancient Indian History and Culture at the [[Banaras Hindu University]] from 1928–30. He is best known as the discoverer of the antiquity of [[Mohenjo-daro]], the principal site of the [[Indus Valley Civilisation]] through excavations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/banerji-robbed-of-credit-for-indus-findings/articleshow/59101966.cms|title=Banerji robbed of credit for Indus findings}}</ref>

==Early life and background==
Bandyopadhyay was born on 12 April 1885<ref name=e/><ref name=g>{{cite web|url=https://www.lindahall.org/r-d-banerji/|title=Scientist of the Day - R. D. Banerji|date=12 April 2017|access-date=20 Oct 2020}}</ref> in [[Baharampur|Berhampore]] of [[Murshidabad District]] in present-day [[Indian States|Indian state]] of [[West Bengal]] to Matilal and Kalimati.<ref name=e>{{cite news|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/editorial/rakhaldas-created-history-by-his-own-1.1091882|title=রাখালদাস নিজেই গড়ে ফেললেন ইতিহাস|lang=Bengali|publisher=Anandabazar Patrika|date= 7 Jan 2020|access-date=20 Oct 2020}}</ref><ref name=f>{{cite book|last1=Sengupta|first1=Subodhchandra|last2=Bose|first2=Anjali|title=Samsad Bangali Charitabhidhan(Biographical dictionary)|lang=Bengali|publisher=Sahitya Samsad|year=1976|place=Calcutta|page=455}}</ref> He passed his entrance examination from the [[Krishnath College School]] in Berhampore in 1900. Soon he married Kanchanmala (1891–1931), the daughter of Narendranath Mukhopadhyay. He passed his F.A. examination in 1903 and graduated from [[Presidency College, Kolkata]] with Honours in History in 1907. He obtained his M.A. in History from the [[University of Calcutta|Calcutta University]] in 1911.<ref>http://www.caluniv.ac.in/about/Teacher.html</ref>

==Career==
Bandyopadhyay joined the [[Indian Museum]] in [[Calcutta]] as an Assistant to the Archaeological Section in 1910. He joined the [[Archaeological Survey of India]] as Assistant Superintendent in 1911, and was promoted to the rank of Superintending Archaeologist of the Western Circle in 1917. In 1924, he was transferred to the Eastern Circle and took part in the excavations at [[Somapura Mahavihara|Paharpur]]. He took voluntary retirement in 1926. After teaching at the [[University of Calcutta]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Some of our Distinguished Teachers: Rakhaldas Banerji|url=http://www.caluniv.ac.in/About%20the%20university/Distinguished%20Teacher.htm|publisher=University of Calcutta|accessdate=29 July 2013|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111121002802/http://caluniv.ac.in/About%20the%20university/Distinguished%20Teacher.htm|archivedate=21 November 2011|df=dmy-all}}</ref> he later joined the [[Banaras Hindu University]] in 1928 and held the post till his premature death on 23 May 1930.<ref>Sengupta, Subodh Chandra (ed.) (1988) ''Sansad Bangali Charitabhidhan'' (in Bengali), Kolkata: Sahitya Sansad, p.465</ref>

Bandyopadhyay's first major independent professional work was in the fields of palaeography and epigraphy. He won the Jubilee Research Prize of the Calcutta University for ''The Origin of the Bengali Script'' published in 1919 (and reprinted in 1973). He was the first to study the [[Bengali language|proto-Bangla script]], the original form of Bangla script. He wrote the classic historical works on medieval [[Indian coinage|Indian coins]], and the standard works on the [[iconography]] of Indian art, in particular [[Gupta Empire|Gupta]] sculpture and architecture. His best known work was ''Eastern Indian Medieval School of Sculpture,'' published posthumously in 1933.

===Discovery of Mohenjo-Daro===
Bandyopadhyay is popular for unearthing pre-Buddhist artifacts at the ruins at [[Mohenjo-Daro]]; for noting similarities between the site at Mohenjo-Daro and Harrappa. Those discoveries lead to excavations at the two sites that established the existence of the then-unknown [[Bronze Age]] [[Indus Valley Civilisation]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Humes|first=Cynthia Ann|title=Hindutva, Mythistory, ; Pseudoarchaeology|journal=Numen: International Review for the History of Religions|volume=59|year=2012|issue=2–3|jstor= 23244958|pages=178–201|doi=10.1163/156852712x630770}}</ref> His interpretations of this civilisation were published in a number of articles and books: "An Indian City Five Thousand Years Ago" ; "Mohenjo-Daro" (in Bangla, Basumati, 1331 BS); ''Prehistoric, Ancient and Hindu India'' (posthumously published, 1934) and ''Mahenjo-Daro – A Forgotten Report''.

==Works==
Bandyopadhyay wrote two textbooks for Calcutta University, namely, ''History of India'' (1924) and ''A Junior History of India'' (1928). His ''The Age of the Imperial Guptas'' (1933) is a collection of lectures delivered by him in 1924. His standard two-volume ''Bangalar Itihas'' (History of Bengal) in [[Bengali language|Bengali]] (1914 and 1917) was one of the first attempts at writing a scientific history of Bengal. He also wrote two volumes on the history of Orissa, titled ''History of Orissa from the Earliest Times to the British Period'' (1930 and 1931).

His other significant non-fiction works include, ''Prachin Mudra'' (1915), ''The Palas of Bengal'' (1915), ''The Temple of Siva at Bhumara'' (1924), ''The Paleography of Hati Gumpha and Nanaghat Inscriptions'' (1924), ''Bas Reliefs of Badami'' (1928) and ''The Haihayas of Tripuri and their Monuments'' (1931).

Having published three novels, ''Pakshantar'' (1924), ''Byatikram'' (1924) and ''Anukram'' (1931), his other literary works in [[Bengali language]] were historical fictions. The setting of his ''Pashaner Katha'' (1914) is [[Kushana]] period. His three other novels, namely, ''Dhruba'', ''Karuna'' (1917) and ''Shashanka'' (1914) are set in the different phases of the [[Gupta Empire|Gupta]] period. His ''Dharmapala'' (1915) narrates the story of the [[Pala Empire|Pala emperor]] [[Dharmapala]]. ''Mayukh'' (1916) describes the Portuguese atrocities in Bengal during the reign of [[Shahjahan]]. ''Asim'' (1924) narrates the condition of Bengal during the reign of [[Farrukhsiyar]]. His last novel, ''Lutf-Ulla'' is set in Delhi at the time of the invasion by [[Nadir Shah]]. Another fictional work, ''Hemkana'' (incomplete) was published in ''[[Prabasi]]'' magazine from 1911–12.<ref>Sen, Sukumar (1999). ''Bangala Sahityer Itihas'', Vol.V, Kolkata: Ananda Publishers, {{ISBN|81-7215-950-1}}, pp.210–11</ref> A number of his novels were translated into other Indian languages.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
* Bhattacharya, Asok K. (1999). ''Rakhaldas Bandyopadhyay'', Delhi: Sahitya Akademi, {{ISBN|81-260-0848-2}}
* Dasgupta, Kalyankumar (ed.) (1990). ''Shatabarsher Aloy Rakhaldas Bandyopadhyay'' (in Bengali), Kolkata: Sharat Samiti.
* Bandyopadhyay, Umesh, Abhishapta Rakhaldas, Kansai Shilai (Bengali Journal), April–September issue 2005, Calcutta.
*{{citation
|author=Amitabha Bhattacharyya
|chapter=Bandyopadhyay, Rakhaldas
|chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Bandyopadhyay,_Rakhaldas
|title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |editor=Sirajul Islam |editor2=Ahmed A. Jamal |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]] |year=2012 |edition=Second}}

==External link==
* [https://archive.org/search.php?query=r+d+banerji Works by R. D. Banerji on Archive.org]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bandyopadhyay, Rakhaldas}}
[[Category:1885 births]]
[[Category:1930 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century archaeologists]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian historians]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian novelists]]
[[Category:Banaras Hindu University faculty]]
[[Category:Bengali-language writers]]
[[Category:19th-century Bengalis]]
[[Category:20th-century Bengalis]]
[[Category:Historians of India]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian archaeologists]]
[[Category:Indian epigraphers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian linguists]]
[[Category:Indian historical novelists]]
[[Category:Indian male novelists]]
[[Category:Indian palaeographers]]
[[Category:People associated with the Indus Valley Civilisation]]
[[Category:People from Murshidabad district]]
[[Category:Presidency University, Kolkata alumni]]
[[Category:Scientists from West Bengal]]
[[Category:Indian textbook writers]]
[[Category:University of Calcutta alumni]]
[[Category:University of Calcutta faculty]]
[[Category:Writers from West Bengal]]
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R. D. Banerji - Revision history

Bikram Rout: enhanced page after review and updated info

->Pinakpani: /* Early life and background */ ref

>Aakaashjaini91: Deleted the statement that said "HE WAS CHUBBY"

imported>Billjones94 at 08:04, 18 July 2021