Muskit Gergous at 15:31, 30 November 2023

2023-11-30T15:31:18Z

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	[[Image:Entrance Dargah Shaheed-e-Salis Qazi Nurullah Shustari.jpg\|thumb\|300px\|Entrance to the tomb of Nurullah Shustari, Agra, India]]		[[Image:Entrance Dargah Shaheed-e-Salis Qazi Nurullah Shustari.jpg\|thumb\|300px\|Entrance to the tomb of Nurullah Shustari, Agra, India]]

	'''Sayyid Nurullah ibn Sharif al-Mar'ashi al-Shustari''', commonly known as '''Qazi Nurullah Shushtari''' (1542 -1610/11), also known as '''''Shahid-e-Salis''''' (third martyr) was an eminent Shia ~~[[Faqīh\|~~faqih]] (jurist) and ~~[[Ulama\|~~alim]] (scholar) of the [[Mughal ~~era\|Mughal]]~~ period.<ref>[https://openlibrary.org/b/OL4869617M/Shaheed-e-salis Shaheed-e-salis. (Open Library)]</ref> He may also have served as the Qazi-ul-Quzaa during the reign of [[Akbar]].<ref>The World's Religions -Page 383- by Stewart R. Sutherland – Religion – 1988 -</ref>		'''Sayyid Nurullah ibn Sharif al-Mar'ashi al-Shustari''', commonly known as '''Qazi Nurullah Shushtari''' (1542 -1610/11), also known as '''''Shahid-e-Salis''''' (third martyr) was an eminent Shia faqih (jurist) and alim (scholar) of the Mughal period.<ref>[https://openlibrary.org/b/OL4869617M/Shaheed-e-salis Shaheed-e-salis. (Open Library)]</ref> He may also have served as the Qazi-ul-Quzaa during the reign of [[Akbar]].<ref>The World's Religions -Page 383- by Stewart R. Sutherland – Religion – 1988 -</ref>

	== Life ==		== Life ==

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	==Further reading==		==Further reading==
	* {{EI2\|last=Hidayet Hosain\|first=M.\|title=Nūr Allāh\|url=https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/nur-allah-SIM_5981?s.num=2&s.f.s2_parent=s.f.book.encyclopaedia-of-islam-2&s.q=marashi+shushtari\|volume=8}}		* {{EI2\|last=Hidayet Hosain\|first=M.\|title=Nūr Allāh\|url=https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/nur-allah-SIM_5981?s.num=2&s.f.s2_parent=s.f.book.encyclopaedia-of-islam-2&s.q=marashi+shushtari\|volume=8}}
	* {{cite journal \|last1=Rizvi \|first1=Sajjad \|authorlink=Sajjad H. Rizvi \|title=~~Shī‘Ī~~ polemics at the Mughal court: The case of QāẓĪ Nūrullāh Shūshtarī \|journal=Studies in ~~People’s~~ History \|date=2017 \|volume=4 \|issue=1 \|pages=~~53-67~~ \|doi=10.1177/2348448917693740}}		* {{cite journal \|last1=Rizvi \|first1=Sajjad \|authorlink=Sajjad H. Rizvi \|title=Shī'Ī polemics at the Mughal court: The case of QāẓĪ Nūrullāh Shūshtarī \|journal=Studies in People's History \|date=2017 \|volume=4 \|issue=1 \|pages=53–67 \|doi=10.1177/2348448917693740\|s2cid=158638579 }}

	== External links ==		== External links ==

->LouisAragon: authorlink

2021-11-21T14:16:45Z

authorlink

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{{short description|Islamic studies scholar}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2021}}
[[Image:Entrance Dargah Shaheed-e-Salis Qazi Nurullah Shustari.jpg|thumb|300px|Entrance to the tomb of Nurullah Shustari, Agra, India]]

'''Sayyid Nurullah ibn Sharif al-Mar'ashi al-Shustari''', commonly known as '''Qazi Nurullah Shushtari''' (1542 -1610/11), also known as '''''Shahid-e-Salis''''' (third martyr) was an eminent Shia [[Faqīh|faqih]] (jurist) and [[Ulama|alim]] (scholar) of the [[Mughal era|Mughal]] period.<ref>[https://openlibrary.org/b/OL4869617M/Shaheed-e-salis Shaheed-e-salis. (Open Library)]</ref> He may also have served as the Qazi-ul-Quzaa during the reign of [[Akbar]].<ref>The World's Religions -Page 383- by Stewart R. Sutherland – Religion – 1988 -</ref>

== Life ==
He was born in 956 AH at Shushtar, in present-day [[Khuzestan]], South of [[Iran]]. He belonged to the [[Marashi]] family in [[Amol]]. He moved from [[Mashhad]] to [[India]],<ref>A Socio-intellectual History of the Isnā Asharī Shīaīs in India – Page 346
by Saiyid Athar Abbas Rizvi, – 1986 –
</ref> on 1 [[Shawwal]] 992/6 October 1584. Although according to some accounts, the year may have been 1587.<ref name="The Shi Page 140">The Shi'a of India-Page 140, By John Norman Hollister-1953</ref><ref>Majmaʻulafkār – Page 15
by Iqtidar Husain Siddiqi, K̲h̲udā Bak̲h̲sh Oriental Public Library- 1993</ref> He was an emissary of [[Akbar]] in [[Kashmir]] obtained the first census of the areas of [[Mughal Empire]] during Akbar's reign.

== Death ==
When Jahangir came to power his position within the court came under threat both from the enemies he had made while settling the disputes in Agra and Kashmir, and from Jahangir's own orthodox stance. Ultimately his own book Ahqaq-ul-haq was presented as evidence against him, he was declared a heretic and sentenced to death due to his religious beliefs.<ref>The Empire of the Great Mughals By Annemarie Schimmel, Corinne Attwood, Burzine K. Waghmar page 109</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=zot5IK1csp0C&printsec=frontcover&dq=AN+INTRODUCTION+TO+SHI'I+ISLAM++The+History+and+Doctrines+of+Twelver+Shi'ism++MOOJAN+MOMEN&source=bl&ots=O474eRH6BV&sig=hfsq_LSAcu889KiOn70VR-GIWz0&hl=en&ei=vlg9TLvJA8O78gbc4ayNBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10&ved=0CDYQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=AN%20INTRODUCTION%20TO%20SHI'I%20ISLAM%20The%20History%20and%20Doctrines%20of%20Twelver%20Shi'ism%20MOOJAN%20MOMEN&f=false An introduction to Shi'i Islam: the history and doctrines of Twelver Shi'ism] By Moojan Momen, #121.</ref> He was executed by flogging in Jumada II 1019/September 1610, when he was seventy.<ref>A Cultural History of India – Page 290 by Arthur Llewellyn Basham – History – 1975
</ref><ref>Islamic education, diversity and national identity: Dīnī madāris in India ... – Page 107 by Jan-Peter Hartung, Helmut Reifeld – Islamic religious education – 2006 -</ref><ref>Religion, State, and Society in Medieval India: Collected Works of S. Nurul Hasan- Page 76 by S. Nurul Hasan, Satish Chandra – History – 2005</ref>

There is a famous debate shedding light on his assassination in the book ''Peshawar Nights''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thepeshawarnights.wordpress.com/2019/10/22/martyrdom-of-shahid-al-thalis/|title=Martyrdom of Shahid al-thalis|date=22 October 2019}}</ref>

== Legacy ==

His tomb at [[Agra]]<ref>[https://maps.google.com/maps/place?cid=7952011384331272201&q=Shaheed+E+Saalis&hl=en&cd=1&cad=src:ppiwlink,view:smartmaps&ei=APEiT_gWxpr0Bu6whfkI&dtab=2 Shaheed E Saalis - About - Google]</ref> is under waqf deed of Dawood Nori Nasir Bagh. The deed states that a member from the family of Nasirul Millat would be patron of the Mazar.<ref name="HT1">{{cite web | url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/NM9/Shia-ulema-at-odds-over-shrine-control/Article1-85189.aspx | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020142121/http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/NM9/Shia-ulema-at-odds-over-shrine-control/Article1-85189.aspx | url-status=dead | archive-date=20 October 2012 | title=Shia ulema at odds over shrine control | work=Hindustan Times| date=9 April 2006 | access-date=15 January 2013}}</ref> Shushtari wrote approximately fifty books and essays in Islamic sciences like [[kalam]], [[jurisprudence]] and [[Prophetic biography|sirah]]. He is considered as one of the scholars who paved the way for the development of [[Shia Islam]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://lib.eshia.ir/10251/77/8/%D8%AD%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AB_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%84%D8%AA|title = آیینه پژوهش - دفتر تبلیغات اسلامی حوزه علمیه قم - کتابخانه مدرسه فقاهت}}</ref>

==Works==

He wrote many works in different disciplines. some of them are as follow:

*[[Majalis al-muminin]]
*Ihqaq Al Haq va Izahaq Al atil
*Commentary on [[Quran]]
*a glosses on [[Tahzib al Ahkam]] by Shaykh Tusi
*[[Ilzam Al Naseb]].

== See also ==
*[[Five Martyrs of Shia Islam|The Five Martyrs]]
*[[Shahid Awwal]]
*[[Shahid Thani]]
*[[Shahid Salis]]
*[[Shahid Rabay]]
*[[Shahid Khamis]]
*[[Shaykh Ahmad Sirhindi]]
*[[Akbar]]
*[[Jehangir]]
*[[Nur Jahan]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
* {{EI2|last=Hidayet Hosain|first=M.|title=Nūr Allāh|url=https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/nur-allah-SIM_5981?s.num=2&s.f.s2_parent=s.f.book.encyclopaedia-of-islam-2&s.q=marashi+shushtari|volume=8}}
* {{cite journal |last1=Rizvi |first1=Sajjad |authorlink=Sajjad H. Rizvi |title=Shī‘Ī polemics at the Mughal court: The case of QāẓĪ Nūrullāh Shūshtarī |journal=Studies in People’s History |date=2017 |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=53-67 |doi=10.1177/2348448917693740}}

== External links ==
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=zaoYAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA306&dq=shustari&lr=] An Oriental Biographical Dictionary: Founded on material collected by Thomas William Beale New edition revised by [[Henry George Keene (1826–1915)|Henry George Keene]]
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=VVUOAAAAIAAJ&pg=RA2-PA116&dq=nurullah+shustari] Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal
* [http://www.imamreza.net/eng/imamreza.php?id=7054] Biography: Shaheed-e-Thalith Qazi Nurullah Shustari
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080517070626/http://www.jafariyanews.com/articles/2k3/22aug_shustari.htm] Biography:Qazi Nurullah Shustari -Jafariyanews
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Qazi Nurullah Shustari}}
[[Category:16th-century Muslim scholars of Islam]]
[[Category:Shia scholars of Islam]]
[[Category:Mazandarani people]]
[[Category:Indian Shia Muslims]]
[[Category:Indian people of Iranian descent]]
[[Category:1549 births]]
[[Category:1610 deaths]]
[[Category:Iranian emigrants to the Mughal Empire]]
[[Category:Mar'ashis]]

Qazi Nurullah Shustari - Revision history

Muskit Gergous at 15:31, 30 November 2023

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->LouisAragon: authorlink