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2021-08-07T17:33:49Z

Diaspora: sources added

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{{More citations needed|date=August 2021}}
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| footer = The location of state of Maharashtra in India and the original home of Puntambekars. (left). Puntamba is on the banks of the holy Godavari river. Puntambekars and other Deshastha brahmins originally inhabited the region between the Krishna and Godavari rivers (right)
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'''Puntambekar''' is an [[India]]n [[surname]]. It is found amongst [[Marathi language|Marathi]] speaking [[Deshastha Brahmin]] and [[Karhade Brahmin]] communities of [[Maharashtra]].{{Citation needed|date=August 2021}} [[Marathi language|Marathi]] surnames are created by adding the suffix -kar to the family's town of origin; therefore, people originating from the town of [[Puntamba]] take the name Puntambekar.
==Puntamba ==
[[File:Puntamba Street 2011 1438.JPG|right|thumb|An old street in the village of Puntamba]]
The ancestors of Puntambekar originally hail from the town of [[Puntamba]].
It is an ancient town situated on the banks of the [[Godavari]] river in [[Rahata]] taluka, [[Ahmednagar district]] in the Indian state of [[Maharashtra]]. It is believed that the village was named by merging two town places 'Punyastambha' and 'Tambilindanapur'. The village history began in the early 1st millennium [[Shalivahana]] era.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Shah |first=R.R. |url=https://marathivishwakosh.maharashtra.gov.in/khandas/khand9/?id=9811 |title=Ahmadnagar - Vol. 1 Marathi Vishwakosh |publisher=Maharashtra State Marathi Vishwakosh |location=Mumbai, India |accessdate=6 October 2015}}{{Dead link|date=August 2021}}</ref>

Being on the banks of the Godavari which is sacred to Hindus, the town has been a place of pilgrimage. There are many Hindu Temples in the town. Historically, the town has been a center for the learning of [[Hindu scriptures]], with traditional schools (Ved shala) to impart that knowledge. The 14th and the final resting place of the sage [[Changdev]] is located in the town.<ref name=gazetteer_Puntamba>{{cite web |url=http://www.ahmednagar.nic.in/gazetteer/places_Puntamba.html |title=The Gazetteers Department - AHMADNAGAR |publisher=Government Central Press |date= |accessdate=2009-01-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090410170827/http://www.ahmednagar.nic.in/gazetteer/places_Puntamba.html |archive-date=10 April 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref> is surrounded by a town wall (called 'Tatabandi' in Marathi). Many traditional houses called "vada" with courtyards are found in the village.<ref name="marathivishwakosh.maharashtra.gov.in">{{cite book|last1=Chaudhari|first1=Vasant|title=Puntambe - Vol. 9 Marathi Vishwakosh|publisher=Maharashtra State Marathi Vishwakosh|location=Mumbai, India|url=https://marathivishwakosh.maharashtra.gov.in/khandas/khand9/?id=9811|accessdate=6 October 2015}}</ref><ref>https://vishwakosh.marathi.gov.in/20971/</ref>

==Diaspora==

{{location map+|India|float=right|width=200|caption=Location of Puntamba and towns where Puntambekar have settled over the centuries. Hover over the dot to see the town name.|places=
{{location map~|India|position=none|mark=City locator 13.svg|label=Puntamba |lat=19.45|long=74.38}}
{{location map~|India|position=none|mark=City locator 13.svg|label=Gwalior |lat=26.22|long=78.18}}
{{location map~|India|position=none|mark=City locator 13.svg|label=Varanasi |lat=25.28|long=82.96}}
{{location map~|India|position=none|mark=City locator 13.svg|label=Thanjavur |lat=10.47|long=79.8}}
{{location map~|India|position=none|mark=City locator 13.svg|label=Arcot |lat=12.99|long=79.314}}
{{location map~|India|position=none|mark=City locator 13.svg|label=Chiplun |lat=17.53|long=73.521}}
}}
Because of their expertise in hindu scriptures as well in administration, deshastha brahmins in general found opportunities to use these skills in different regions of India over the centuries.<ref>{{cite book|title=Region and nation in India|author1=Paul Wallace|author2=Richard Leonard Park|publisher=Oxford & IBH Pub. Co.|year=1985|quote=During much of the 19th century, Maratha Brahman Desasthas had held a position of such strength throughout South India that their position can only be compared with that of the Kayasthas and Khatris of North India.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Samaddar|first1=Ranabir (editor)|last2=De|first2=Barun (Author)|title=Peace studies : an introduction to the concept, scope, and themes|date=2004|publisher=SAGE Publ.|location=New Delhi [u.a.]|isbn=9780761996606|page=214|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hVADxxgT6KAC&q=karhade+brahmin&pg=PA206}}</ref> Some of them including Puntambekars from [[Maharashtra]] went to the Hindu holy city of [[Varanasi]] ([[Varanasi|also known as Kashi]]) many centuries ago.<ref>Benke, T., 2010. THE ŚŪDRĀCĀRAŚIROMAN I OF KR S N A ŚES A: A 16th Century Manual of Dharma for Śūdras. Publicly accessible Penn Dissertations, p.159.[https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1133&context=edissertations]</ref> These clans had expertise in particular areas of Sanskrit literature. The Puntamkars were known for their work on [[Indian logic|logic]].<ref name="O'HanlonWashbrook2014">{{cite book|author1=Rosalind O'Hanlon|author2=David Washbrook|title=Religious Cultures in Early Modern India: New Perspectives|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NTnJBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT274|date=2 January 2014|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-317-98287-6|pages=274–|chapter=Speaking from Siva's temple:Banaras scholar households and the Brahmin ecumene of Mughal India}}</ref>{{Proveit|date=August 2021}} The Puntambekar clan in Kashi has abbreviated the surname to "Puntamkar". The clan was one of seven prominent ones from Maharashtra who became the city's intellectual elites in the early [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] era or even earlier. The others included Sesa, Bhat, Dharmadhikari, Bharadvaja, Payagunde, and Chowdhuri. These Brahmins were collectively called Dakshinatya Brahmins. The clans dominated the study of [[Sanskrit]] scriptures and Hindu laws for many centuries.<ref>Benke, T., 2010. THE ŚŪDRĀCĀRAŚIROMAN I OF KR S N A ŚES A: A 16th Century Manual of Dharma for Śūdras. Publicly accessible Penn Dissertations, p.159.[https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1133&context=edissertations]</ref> These clans had expertise in particular areas of Sanskrit literature. The Puntamkars were known for their work on [[Indian logic|logic]].<ref name="O'HanlonWashbrook2014">{{cite book|author1=Rosalind O'Hanlon|author2=David Washbrook|title=Religious Cultures in Early Modern India: New Perspectives|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NTnJBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT274|date=2 January 2014|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-317-98287-6|pages=274–|chapter=Speaking from Siva's temple:Banaras scholar households and the Brahmin ecumene of Mughal India}}</ref>
Some clans probably migrated during the expansion of [[Maratha empire|Maratha power]] or later during British colonial rule to serve the Maratha states of [[Gwalior]], [[Indore]], [[Baroda]], and others in Central India. Some Puntambekars served Maratha rulers in southern India at [[Thanjavur]], [[Arcot]] and parts of Karnataka.<ref name="Rao2019">{{cite book|author=Jaishri P. Rao|title=Classic Cuisine and Celebrations of the Thanjavur Maharashtrians|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bciVDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT33|accessdate=19 February 2020|date=29 April 2019|publisher=Notion Press|isbn=978-1-68466-649-2|pages=33–}}</ref> This clan worships Renuka Devi.
One branch of Puntambekars had no male heir, so they adopted the youngest son of Moreshwar Patwardhan and Laxmibai Patwardhan of Chiplun in the 18th century.{{Prove it|date=August 2021}} This adoption process is known as the Dattak process in [[Marathi language|Marathi]] language. The next generation of this boy was given a village, Anagar, near Solapur, as a [[fief]] (Vatan in Marathi /Urdu). Thereafter this branch acquired the surname Anagare. This branch then settled in Mumbai.{{Citation needed|date=August 2021}} Kuldaiwat of this branch is '[[Mahalaxmi]]' of [[Kolhapur]].

One branch of the Rigvedi family settled in [[Chiplun]], a town in [[Ratnagiri]] district on the [[Konkan]] coast of [[Maharashtra]]. The [[Chiplun]] group belongs to the [[Vasishta]] [[gotra]]. The family deity, Kuladaiwat, is the [[Shree Yamai Devi]] of [[Aundh, Satara|Aundh]] in the [[Satara district]] of Maharashtra, [[India]]. Members of this family moved to what was known as [[East Africa]] during the British colonial period nearly a century ago.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Joglekar |first1=Jaywant |title=Veer Savarkar Father of Hindu Nationalism |date=2006 |isbn=978-1-84728-380-1 |page=106 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1J3uk3x_k6sC&pg=PA106}}</ref> Members of this Puntambekar clan settled in the [[United Kingdom]] and the [[United States]].

==Clans==
{| class="wikitable sortable plainlinks" border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4
|-
! '''[[Surname]]'''
! '''Other Surnames used'''
! ''' Brahmin Sub-caste and [[Shakha]] (Sub-sect)'''
! '''[[Gotra]] (Rishi Lineage)'''
! '''[[Kuladevata]] (Family Deity - Goddess) / Kuladaivat (Family Deity - God)'''
! '''Town of Origin, Other towns lived in'''
|-
| Puntambekar
| Puntham-Baker
| [[Deshastha]] Rigvedi
| Vasishtha
| [[Yamai]] of [[Aundh, Satara|Aundh]]
| [[Puntamba]], [[Chiplun]] (from the 1800s), [[East Africa]], UK, USA
|-
| Puntambekar
| Puntamkar
| Unknown
| Bharadwaj
| Shree [[Bhavani]] of [[Tuljapur]]
| Puntamba, [[Banaras]] (from the 1700s)
|-
| Puntambekar
| Angare
| Unknown
| Unknown
| [[Mahalaxmi]] of [[Kolhapur]]
| Puntamba, Angar, and Mumbai
|-
| Puntambekar
| Rao, Punthambaker
| Smartha Deshasta Rigvedi
| Kashyap
| [[Renuka]]
| Puntamba, [[Arcot]] (from the 1700s) & Tanjore region from 1674
|}

==Notables==
* Dr. [[Shankar Puntambekar]] - noted writer in [[Hindi language]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.webindia123.com/news/articles/india/20160201/2783889.html|title=Noted writer Dr Shankar Puntambekar passes away|website=news.webindia123.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uniindia.com/noted-writer-dr-shankar-puntambekar-passes-away/other/news/365069.html|title=Noted writer Dr Shankar Puntambekar passes away}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Prabhune |first1=Anupama Ratnakar |title=Hindi vyangya parampara mein Dr. Shankar Puntambekar ka sthan |date=2007 |publisher=University of Pune |location=Pune |pages=67–80 |url=http://lib.unipune.ac.in:8080/xmlui/bitstream/handle/123456789/6310/07_chapter%202.pdf?sequence=7&isAllowed=y |accessdate=22 February 2020}}</ref><ref name="Kasabe2020">{{cite book|author=Dr. Dilip Kasabe|title=Sahityasama|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eZkPEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT200|date=1 December 2020|publisher=Rajkamal Prakashan|isbn=978-93-89598-54-4|pages=200–}}</ref>
==References==
{{reflist|2}}

[[Category:Indian surnames]]

Puntambekar - Revision history

->Jonathansammy: /* Diaspora */ sources added