Punjabi culture - Revision history

LoganConger6625: add structure based on references

2026-03-24T20:04:05Z

add structure based on references

CleanupBot II: Removed empty portal template using script

2023-08-14T13:59:30Z

Removed empty portal template using script

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:29, 14 August 2023
Line 49:		Line 49:

	==See also==		==See also==
	~~{{Portal\|Punjab\|Society}}~~
	<!-- Commented out: [[File:Dialects Of Punjabi.jpg\|thumb\|right\|250px\|Punjabi dialects]] -->		<!-- Commented out: [[File:Dialects Of Punjabi.jpg\|thumb\|right\|250px\|Punjabi dialects]] -->
	*[[Punjab Culture Day]]		*[[Punjab Culture Day]]

212.121.210.249: /* External links */

2022-12-13T11:50:09Z

External links

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:20, 13 December 2022
Line 84:		Line 84:
	{{DEFAULTSORT:Punjabi culture}}		{{DEFAULTSORT:Punjabi culture}}
	[[Category:Punjabi culture\| ]]		[[Category:Punjabi culture\| ]]
	[[Category:Punjab]]		[[Category:Punjab (Pakistan)\| ]]
	[[Category:Pakistani culture]]		[[Category:Pakistani culture]]
	[[Category:Indian culture by community]]		[[Category:Indian culture by community]]
	[[Category:History of Punjab]]		[[Category:History of Punjab]]

imported>Serols: Reverted edits by Parmjitkaur0069 (talk): using Wikipedia for advertising/promotion (HG) (3.4.10)

2021-08-23T12:11:40Z

Reverted edits by Parmjitkaur0069 (talk): using Wikipedia for advertising/promotion (HG) (3.4.10)

Show changes

WikiDwarf: /* Modern era */clean up

2021-02-24T09:33:52Z

Modern era: clean up

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:03, 24 February 2021
Line 8:		Line 8:

	===Modern era===		===Modern era===
	Due to the large number of Punjabi people distributed throughout the world, especially [[Pakistan]] and [[India]], many people are increasingly experiencing the culture and becoming influenced by it{{citation needed\|date=May 2017}}. Glimpses of traditional Punjabi culture can be seen in the [[Western world]] (e.g. the [[United States\|U.S.]], the [[UK]], the [[European Union\|EU]], [[Canada]], [[Australia]], [[Africa] and the [[Middle East]]).<ref name=newseastwest>{{cite web\|url=http://newseastwest.com/how-punjabi-language-is-flourishing-in-france/ \|title=How Punjabi language is flourishing in France \|website=Newseastwest.com \|date=2014-08-05 \|access-date=2017-02-27}}</ref> Naturally people influence each other wherever they settle and live. Punjabi culture is evident from Punjabi philosophy, poetry, spirituality, education, artistry, music, cuisine, and architecture.		Due to the large number of Punjabi people distributed throughout the world, especially [[Pakistan]] and [[India]], many people are increasingly experiencing the culture and becoming influenced by it{{citation needed\|date=May 2017}}. Glimpses of traditional Punjabi culture can be seen in the [[Western world]] (e.g. the [[United States\|U.S.]], the [[UK]], the [[European Union\|EU]], [[Canada]], [[Australia]], [[Africa]] and the [[Middle East]]).<ref name=newseastwest>{{cite web\|url=http://newseastwest.com/how-punjabi-language-is-flourishing-in-france/ \|title=How Punjabi language is flourishing in France \|website=Newseastwest.com \|date=2014-08-05 \|access-date=2017-02-27}}</ref> Naturally people influence each other wherever they settle and live. Punjabi culture is evident from Punjabi philosophy, poetry, spirituality, education, artistry, music, cuisine, and architecture.

	Similar migrations by or invasions into the Punjab, in the past many centuries, were by the [[Indo-Aryan peoples\|Aryans]], [[Dravidians]], [[Scythians]], [[Portuguese people\|Portuguese]], [[Spaniards]], [[Armenians]], [[Greeks]] or [[Alexander the Great]] which reached as far as the [[Beas River]] in the Punjab {{citation needed\|date=May 2017}}, [[Mongols]] [[Arabs]], [[Persians]], [[Afghans]], [[Turco-Persian tradition\|Turko-Persians]] ([[Mughals]]) and then the [[Europeans]] ([[British people\|British]]) came to Punjab for various economic reasons of their own and its fertile agricultural lands and abundance of water resources in its five large rivers flowing down from the [[Himalayas]] through the Punjab valley{{citation needed\|date=May 2017}}. These immigrants influenced the people of Punjab and, in turn, were influenced by the then prevailing culture of the Punjab.<ref name=encyclopedia>{{cite web\|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Punjabi.aspx \|title=Punjabi facts, information, pictures \| Encyclopedia.com articles about Punjabi \|website=Encyclopedia.com \|access-date=2017-02-27}}</ref>		Similar migrations by or invasions into the Punjab, in the past many centuries, were by the [[Indo-Aryan peoples\|Aryans]], [[Dravidians]], [[Scythians]], [[Portuguese people\|Portuguese]], [[Spaniards]], [[Armenians]], [[Greeks]] or [[Alexander the Great]] which reached as far as the [[Beas River]] in the Punjab {{citation needed\|date=May 2017}}, [[Mongols]] [[Arabs]], [[Persians]], [[Afghans]], [[Turco-Persian tradition\|Turko-Persians]] ([[Mughals]]) and then the [[Europeans]] ([[British people\|British]]) came to Punjab for various economic reasons of their own and its fertile agricultural lands and abundance of water resources in its five large rivers flowing down from the [[Himalayas]] through the Punjab valley{{citation needed\|date=May 2017}}. These immigrants influenced the people of Punjab and, in turn, were influenced by the then prevailing culture of the Punjab.<ref name=encyclopedia>{{cite web\|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Punjabi.aspx \|title=Punjabi facts, information, pictures \| Encyclopedia.com articles about Punjabi \|website=Encyclopedia.com \|access-date=2017-02-27}}</ref>

KokoLove: /* External links */

2021-02-14T16:08:21Z

External links

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:38, 14 February 2021
Line 93:		Line 93:
	*[https://words.pk/punjabi-cculture-and-traditions/ Punjabi Culture and Traditions ]		*[https://words.pk/punjabi-cculture-and-traditions/ Punjabi Culture and Traditions ]


	~~{{Punjab, Pakistan\|state=autocollapse}}~~
	~~{{Punjab, India}}~~

	{{DEFAULTSORT:Punjabi culture}}		{{DEFAULTSORT:Punjabi culture}}

KokoLove: Created page with "The '''culture of Punjab''' encompasses the spoken language, written literature, cuisine, science, technology, military warfare, architecture, traditions,sacrifices, values an..."

2021-02-14T16:03:36Z

Created page with "The '''culture of Punjab''' encompasses the spoken language, written literature, cuisine, science, technology, military warfare, architecture, traditions,sacrifices, values an..."

New page

The '''culture of Punjab''' encompasses the spoken language, written literature, cuisine, science, technology, military warfare, architecture, traditions,sacrifices, values and history of the [[Punjabis|Punjabi]] people native to the northern part of the [[Indian subcontinent]]. The term 'Punjabi' can mean both a person who lives in Punjab and also a speaker of the Punjabi language. This name originates from the Persian language 'panj', (five), and 'ab', (water). In Rigvedic times, this area was called Sapta Sindhu or 'Seven Rivers' illustrating the extent of Undivided Punjab. [[Indus River]] (the largest river in this five river system), and the five other rivers to the south eventually join Indus or merge into it later in the downstream of the Punjab valley. All the rivers start and flow out of the [[Himalayas]]. These other five rivers are [[Jhelum River]], [[Chenab River]], [[Ravi River]], [[Beas River]] and [[Sutlej River]].

==History==
===Middle Ages===
The culture of Punjab in the Middle Ages was extremely diverse dependent upon an individual's caste, community, religion and village {{citation needed|date=May 2017}}. An array of cultures can be found historically .The main cultures that arose in the Punjab during the Medieval Age at the beginning of this era was of strong [[Indo-Aryan peoples|Indo-Aryan]] dominance.

[[File:Shalamar Garden July 14 2005-Sideview of marble enclosure on the second level.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Shalimar Gardens (Lahore)|The Shalimar Gardens]] in Lahore]]

===Modern era===
Due to the large number of Punjabi people distributed throughout the world, especially [[Pakistan]] and [[India]], many people are increasingly experiencing the culture and becoming influenced by it{{citation needed|date=May 2017}}. Glimpses of traditional Punjabi culture can be seen in the [[Western world]] (e.g. the [[United States|U.S.]], the [[UK]], the [[European Union|EU]], [[Canada]], [[Australia]], [[Africa] and the [[Middle East]]).<ref name=newseastwest>{{cite web|url=http://newseastwest.com/how-punjabi-language-is-flourishing-in-france/ |title=How Punjabi language is flourishing in France |website=Newseastwest.com |date=2014-08-05 |access-date=2017-02-27}}</ref> Naturally people influence each other wherever they settle and live. Punjabi culture is evident from Punjabi philosophy, poetry, spirituality, education, artistry, music, cuisine, and architecture.

Similar migrations by or invasions into the Punjab, in the past many centuries, were by the [[Indo-Aryan peoples|Aryans]], [[Dravidians]], [[Scythians]], [[Portuguese people|Portuguese]], [[Spaniards]], [[Armenians]], [[Greeks]] or [[Alexander the Great]] which reached as far as the [[Beas River]] in the Punjab {{citation needed|date=May 2017}}, [[Mongols]] [[Arabs]], [[Persians]], [[Afghans]], [[Turco-Persian tradition|Turko-Persians]] ([[Mughals]]) and then the [[Europeans]] ([[British people|British]]) came to Punjab for various economic reasons of their own and its fertile agricultural lands and abundance of water resources in its five large rivers flowing down from the [[Himalayas]] through the Punjab valley{{citation needed|date=May 2017}}. These immigrants influenced the people of Punjab and, in turn, were influenced by the then prevailing culture of the Punjab.<ref name=encyclopedia>{{cite web|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Punjabi.aspx |title=Punjabi facts, information, pictures | Encyclopedia.com articles about Punjabi |website=Encyclopedia.com |access-date=2017-02-27}}</ref>

==Art==
[[File:Trilok singh Artist maati ka.wiki.jpg|thumb|Tirlok Singh's artwork ''Maati ka Putla'']]
[[Sobha Singh (painter)|Sobha Singh]] and [[Amrita Sher-Gil]] are famous punjabi painting artists.<ref>{{cite web | title=Sobha Singh’s works light up art gallery at Virsa Vihar | website=The Tribune | date=2016-12-20 | url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/amritsar/sobha-singhs-works-light-up-art-gallery-at-virsa-vihar-333357 | access-date=2020-09-04}}</ref>

==Music==
{{See also|Music of Punjab}}
[[File:Dhol players.jpg|thumb|[[Bhangra (music)|Bhangra]] [[tournament]] concert]]

[[Bhangra (music)|Bhangra]] is one of the many Punjabi musical art forms that is increasingly listened to in the west and is becoming a mainstream favourite.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://observer.case.edu/bhangra-conquering-one-dance-move-at-a-time/|title=Bhangra conquering one dance move at a time|last=Moreno|first=Jacqueline|website=The Observer|access-date=2019-12-26}}</ref> Punjabi music is used by western musicians in many ways, such as mixing it with other compositions to produce award-winning music. {{Citation needed|date=January 2010}} In addition, Punjabi classical music is increasingly becoming popular in the west. {{Citation needed|date=January 2010}}

Devotional songs are played by [[dhaddi jatha]] groups, with instruments like [[sarangi]] and [[dhadd]] drums.

==Dance==
{{See also|Punjabi dance}}
Owing to the long history of the Punjabi culture and of the [[Punjabi people]] there are many dances, normally performed at times of celebration, including harvests, festivals and weddings. The particular background of the dances can be non-religious and religious. The overall style can range from the high energy "bhangra" men's dance to the more reserved "jhumar," the "gidha" women's dance and "Malwayi Gidha" is a form of dance can be performed by both men and women together.

==Weddings==
[[File:Punjabipeople.JPG|thumb|[[Punjabi people]] at a wedding]]
{{See also|Punjabi wedding traditions}}
Punjabi wedding traditions and ceremonies are traditionally conducted in Punjabi and are a strong reflection of Punjabi culture. While the actual religious marriage ceremony among [[Muslims]], [[Hindus]], [[Sikhs]], [[Jainism|Jains]], Buddhists and Christians may be conducted in Arabic, Urdu, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Hindi or Pali by the Qazi, Pundit, Granthi or Priest, there are commonalities in ritual, song, dance, food, and dress. The Punjabi wedding has many rituals and ceremonies that have evolved since traditional times.

== Crafts ==
The city of [[Amritsar]] in the [[Punjab, India|Punjab]] state of India is home to the craft of brass and copper metalwork done by the [[Thathera#UNESCO Listing and Government Programs|Thatheras of Jandiala Guru]], which is enlisted on the [[UNESCO]]'s [[UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists|List of Intangible Cultural Heritage]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/traditional-brass-and-copper-craft-of-utensil-making-among-the-thatheras-of-jandiala-guru-punjab-india-00845|title=UNESCO - Traditional brass and copper craft of utensil making among the Thatheras of Jandiala Guru, Punjab, India|website=ich.unesco.org|language=en|access-date=2019-07-01}}</ref> Years of neglect had caused this craft to die out, and the listing prompted the [[Government of Punjab, India|Government of Punjab]] to undertake a craft revival effort under Project Virasat.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/amriton-find-place-in-luxury-hotels/articleshow/64701026.cms|title=Ignored for years, local craft may soon find place in luxury hotels {{!}} Amritsar News - Times of India|last=Jun 22|first=Yudhvir Rana {{!}} TNN {{!}} Updated|last2=2018|website=The Times of India|language=en|access-date=2019-07-01|last3=Ist|first3=19:34}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/art-and-culture/alchemy-of-art-thathera-community-artisans-5662778/|title=Alchemy of Art|date=2019-04-07|website=The Indian Express|language=en-IN|access-date=2019-07-01}}</ref>

==Cuisine==
{{See also|Punjabi cuisine}}

==Language and literature==
{{see also|Punjabi language}}
The Punjabi language is written with the [[Gurmukhi alphabet]] in India and with the [[Shahmukhi alphabet]] in Pakistan. Approximately 130 million people speak the Punjabi language.<ref name=Omniglot>{{cite web|url=http://www.omniglot.com/writing/punjabi.htm |title=Punjabi language and the Gurmukhi and Shahmuhi scripts and pronunciation |website=Omniglot.com |access-date=2017-02-27}}</ref>
In Punjabi literature has three major Punjabi romantic epic poems based on folktales: ''[[Heer Ranjha]]'' by the poet [[Waris Shah]] (1722-1798), ''[[Sohni Mahiwal]]'' and ''[[Mirza Sahiban]]'' (sung by late [[Alam Lohar]]).<ref name=encyclopedia/> By the 10th century, many Hindu [[Nath]] poets were associated with earlier Punjabi works. among the major Punjabi poets are Baba [[Fariduddin Ganjshakar]] (1179-1266), Baba [[Guru Nanak]] (1469-1539) and [[Bulleh Shah]] (1680-1757).

==Dress==
{{main|Punjabi clothing}}
The traditional dress for Punjabi men is the [[Kurta|kurta and tehmat]], which is being replaced by the kurta and pajama, especially the popular muktsari style in India. The traditional dress for women is the [[Salwar|salwar suit]] which replaced the traditional [[Punjabi ghagra]]. The [[patiala salwar]] is also very popular.

== Festivals ==
{{See also|Punjabi festivals|List of Sikh festivals |List of Hindu festivals in Punjab|Festivals in Lahore}}
Punjabis celebrate cultural, seasonal and religious festivals, which include [[Maghi]], [[Mela Chiraghan]] in [[Lahore]], [[Lohri]], [[Holi]], [[Eid ul Adha]], [[Eid ul Fitr]],[[Baisakhi]], [[Teeyan]], [[Diwali]], [[Dussehra]], and [[Guru Nanak Jayanti|Guru Nanak Jayant]].

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Punjabi boys in their traditional dress.jpg|Punjabi boys in traditional kurta-chadra
File:On Youth Festival Punjabi Culteral ActivityBy Stundents At Punjab University Constitute Colleg Patto Hira Singh Moga Punjab India.jpg|Punjabi girl in traditional Lehenga
File:Punjabi Girls ( Students).jpg|Punjabi charkha
File:Punjabi Girl.jpg|Punjabi girl in Salwar kameez
File:Traditional punjabi get up.jpg|Punjabi Turban
</gallery>

==See also==
{{Portal|Punjab|Society}}

*[[Punjab Culture Day]]
*[[Punjab region]]
*[[Punjabi people]]
*[[List of British Punjabis]]
*[[Punjab (India)]]
*[[Punjab (Pakistan)]]
*[[List of Punjabi language poets]]
*[[Punjabi Cultural Society of Chicago]]
*[[Turban training centre]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Other sources==
*''Wrestling in Punjab'', documentary film on the history of wrestling in Punjab by filmmaker Simran Kaler.
*Quraishee 73, Punjabi Adab De Kahani, Abdul Hafeez Quaraihee, Azeez Book Depot, Lahore, 1973.
*Chopra 77, The Punjab as a sovereign state, Gulshan Lal Chopra, Al-Biruni, Lahore, 1977.
*Patwant Singh. 1999. ''The Sikhs''. New York: Doubleday. {{ISBN|0-385-50206-0}}.
* Nanak, Punjabi Documentary Film by Navalpreet Rangi
*The evolution of Heroic Tradition in Ancient Panjab, 1971, Buddha Parkash.
*Social and Political Movements in ancient Panjab, Delhi, 1962, Buddha Parkash.
*History of Porus, Patiala, Buddha Parkash.
*History of the Panjab, Patiala, 1976, Fauja Singh, L. M. Joshi (Ed).
*The Legacy of The Punjab by R. M. Chopra, 1997, Punjabee Bradree, Calcutta.

==External links==
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1w8CDGj3560 Video about Punjab and Punjabi music] from the Horniman Museum
*[https://words.pk/punjabi-cculture-and-traditions/ Punjabi Culture and Traditions ]

{{Punjab, Pakistan|state=autocollapse}}
{{Punjab, India}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Punjabi culture}}
[[Category:Punjabi culture| ]]
[[Category:Punjab]]
[[Category:Pakistani culture]]
[[Category:Indian culture by community]]
[[Category:History of Punjab]]