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← Older revision		Revision as of 06:29, 12 December 2021
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			{{Short description\|Period of the Indian government from 1977 to 1979}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=April 2019}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=April 2019}}
	{{Use Indian English\|date=April 2019}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=April 2019}}
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	\|total_number =		\|total_number =
	\|political_party = [[Janata Party]] <small>([[Janata alliance]])</small>		\|political_party = [[Janata Party]] <small>([[Janata alliance]])</small>
	\|legislature_status = [[Majority government\|Majority]]{{Composition bar\|295\|542\|{{Janata Party~~/meta/color~~}}\|background-color=\|border border-color=darkgray\|width=\|per=1}}		\|legislature_status = [[Majority government\|Majority]]{{Composition bar\|295\|542\|{{party color\|Janata Party}}\|background-color=\|border border-color=darkgray\|width=\|per=1}}
	\|election = [[1977 Indian general election\|1977]]		\|election = [[1977 Indian general election\|1977]]
	\|last_election = [[1980 Indian general election\|1980]]		\|last_election = [[1980 Indian general election\|1980]]

>TerminatorMan2712 at 07:09, 25 June 2021

2021-06-25T07:09:14Z

New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2019}}
The '''premiership of Morarji Desai''' extended from 24 March 1977 to 15 July 1979. In the [[1977 Indian general election]] Morarji Desai led the [[Janata Party]] to victory against the [[Indian National Congress|Congress party]]. Upon taking office, [[Morarji Desai]] became the first [[Indian Prime Minister]] not belonging to the Congress party.<ref name="UK">{{cite web|title=OBITUARY: Morarji Desai|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-morarji-desai-1615165.html|publisher=The Independent|author=Kuldip Singh|date=1995-04-11|access-date=2009-06-27}}</ref>

{{Infobox government cabinet

|cabinet_name = Morarji Desai ministry
|cabinet_type = Ministry
|cabinet_number = 7th
|jurisdiction = the [[Republic of India]]
|incumbent =
| flag = Flag of India.svg
| flag_border = true
| name = Morarji Desai
| image = Morarji Desai 1978.jpg
|date_formed = {{Start date|df=yes|1977|03|24}}
|date_dissolved = {{Start date|df=yes|1979|07|28}}
|government_head = [[Morarji Desai]]
|government_head_history =
|deputy_government_head =
|state_head = Basappa Danappa Jatti (Acting) (until 25 July 1977) 
[[Neelam Sanjiva Reddy]] (from 25 July 1977)
|current_number =
|former_members_number =
|total_number =
|political_party = [[Janata Party]] ([[Janata alliance]])
|legislature_status = [[Majority government|Majority]]{{Composition bar|295|542|{{Janata Party/meta/color}}|background-color=|border border-color=darkgray|width=|per=1}}
|election = [[1977 Indian general election|1977]]
|last_election = [[1980 Indian general election|1980]]
|legislature_term = {{Age in years, months and days|1977|03|24|1979|07|28}}
|budget =
|opposition_cabinet =
|opposition_party = [[Indian National Congress]] ([[1977 Indian general election#Results by alliance|Congress Alliance]])
|opposition_leader = [[Yashwantrao Chavan]] (1 July 1977 – 11 April 1978) [[C. M. Stephen]] (12 April 1978 – 9 July 1979) Yashwantrao Chavan (from 10 July 1979)
|incoming_formation =
|outgoing_formation =
|previous = [[Second Indira Gandhi ministry]]
|successor = [[Charan Singh ministry]]
}}

==Emergency and election victory==
{{see also|Indian Emergency}}
The Janata Party was formed by political leaders and activists of various political parties who had been united in opposing the [[Indian Emergency|state of emergency]] imposed in 1975 by then-Prime Minister [[Indira Gandhi]].<ref name="UK"/><ref name="LOC">{{cite web|title=The Rise of Indira Gandhi|url=http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+in0029)|publisher=Library of Congress Country Studies|access-date=2009-06-27}}</ref> After elections were called in 1977, the Janata Party was formed from the union of the [[Indian National Congress (Organisation)|Congress (O)]], [[Swatantra Party]], [[Socialist Party of India]], [[Bharatiya Jana Sangh]] and the [[Lok Dal]]. Congress defector [[Jagjivan Ram]], [[Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna]] & [[Nandini Satpathy]] formed the [[Congress for Democracy]] and joined the Janata alliance.<ref name="B">{{cite book|title=320 Million Judges|author=G. G. Mirchandani|pages=90–100|publisher=Abhinav Publications|year=2003|isbn=81-7017-061-3}}</ref> The widespread unpopularity of Emergency rule gave Janata and its allied a landslide victory in the election.

=== Cabinet ministers ===
{{Cabinet table start|hiderefcol=y}}
{{Cabinet table minister
| title = [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]]
| minister1 = [[Morarji Desai]]
| minister1_termstart = 24 March 1977
| minister1_termend = 28 July 1979
| minister1_party = Janata Party
}}
{{Cabinet table minister
| title = [[Deputy Prime Minister of India|Deputy Prime Minister]]
| minister1 = [[Charan Singh]]
| minister1_termstart = 24 January 1979
| minister1_termend = 28 July 1979
| minister1_party = Janata Party
}}
{{Cabinet table minister
| title = [[Deputy Prime Minister of India|Deputy Prime Minister]]
| minister1 = [[Jagjivan Ram]]
| minister1_termstart = 24 January 1979
| minister1_termend = 28 July 1979
| minister1_party = Janata Party
}}
{{Cabinet table minister
| title = [[Minister of Finance (India)|Minister of Finance]]
| minister1 = [[Hirubhai M. Patel]]
| minister1_termstart = 24 March 1977
| minister1_termend = 24 January 1979
| minister1_party = Janata Party
| minister2 = Charan Singh
| minister2_termstart = 24 January 1979
| minister2_termend = 28 July 1979
| minister2_party = Janata Party
}}
{{Cabinet table minister
| title = [[Minister of Home Affairs (India)|Minister of Home Affairs]]
| minister1 = Charan Singh
| minister1_termstart = 24 March 1977
| minister1_termend = 1 July 1978
| minister1_party = Janata Party
| minister2 = Morarji Desai
| minister2_termstart = 1 July 1978
| minister2_termend = 24 January 1979
| minister2_party = Janata Party
| minister3 = Hirubhai M. Patel
| minister3_termstart = 24 January 1979
| minister3_termend = 28 July 1979
| minister3_party = Janata Party
}}
{{Cabinet table minister
| title = [[Minister of Defence (India)|Minister of Defence]]
| minister1 = Jagjivan Ram
| minister1_termstart = 24 March 1977
| minister1_termend = 28 July 1979
| minister1_party = Janata Party
}}
{{Cabinet table minister
| title = [[Minister of External Affairs (India)|Minister of External Affairs]]
| minister1 = [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
| minister1_termstart = 24 March 1977
| minister1_termend = 28 July 1979
| minister1_party = Janata Party
}}
{{Cabinet table minister
| title = [[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)|Minister of Information and Broadcasting]]
| minister1 = [[Lal Krishna Advani]]
| minister1_termstart = 24 March 1977
| minister1_termend = 28 July 1979
| minister1_party = Janata Party
}}
{{Cabinet table minister
| title = [[Ministry of Commerce and Industry (India)|Minister of Industry]]
| minister1 = [[George Fernandes]]
| minister1_termstart = 24 March 1977
| minister1_termend = 28 July 1979
| minister1_party = Janata Party
}}
{{Cabinet table minister
| title = [[Ministry of Agriculture (India)|Minister of Agriculture]]
| minister1 = [[Parkash Singh Badal]]
| minister1_termstart = 24 March 1977
| minister1_termend = 20 June 1977
| minister1_party = Akali Dal
| minister2 = [[Surjit Singh Barnala]]
| minister2_termstart = 20 June 1977
| minister2_termend = 28 July 1979
| minister2_party = Akali Dal
}}
{{Cabinet table minister
| title = Minister of Works and Housing and Supply and Rehabilitation
| minister1 = [[Sikandar Bakht]]
| minister1_termstart = 24 March 1977
| minister1_termend = 28 July 1979
| minister1_party = Janata Party
}}
{{Cabinet table minister
| title = Minister for Energy
| minister1 = [[P. Ramachandran]]
| minister1_termstart = 24 March 1977
| minister1_termend = 28 July 1979
| minister1_party = Janata Party
}}
|}

*[[Pratap Chandra Chunder]] – Minister of Education
*[[Shanti Bhushan]] – Minister of Law and Justice<ref name="EI">{{cite web|title=Morarji, Charan Singh waited for each other to die: Book|url=http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/Morarji-Charan-Singh-waited-for-each-other-to-die-Book/384209/|publisher=The Indian Express|date=2008-11-11|access-date=2009-06-27|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081215182044/http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/Morarji-Charan-Singh-waited-for-each-other-to-die-Book/384209/|archive-date=2008-12-15}}</ref>
*[[Brij Lal Verma]] – Minister of Communications
*[[Madhu Dandavate]] – Minister of the Railways
*[[Raj Narain]] – Minister of Health
*[[Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna]] – Minister of Petroleum
*[[Ravindra Varma]] – Minister of Labour and Parliamentary affairs
*[[Mohan Dharia]] – Minister of Commerce
*[[Biju Patnaik]]
*[[Purushottam Kaushik]]

[[Rabi Ray]] was inducted in January 1979 to fill in the vacancy caused by Raj Narain's exit.

=== Ministers of state ===
*[[Abha Maiti]]
*[[Satish Chandra Agrawal]]
*[[Krishana Kumar Goyal]]
*[[Jagadambi Prasad Yadav]]
*[[Renuka Devi Barkataki]]
*[[Arif Beg]]
*[[Ishaq Jamkhanawala]]
*[[Samarendra Kundu]] - Minister of State, External Affairs
*[[Ram Kinkar]] - Minister of State in the Ministry of Works and Housing and Supply and Rehabilitation

==Reversal of Emergency decrees==
The first actions taken by the Desai government were to formally end the state of emergency and media censorship and repeal the controversial executive decrees issued during the Emergency.<ref name="UK"/><ref name="LOC"/><ref name="POI2">{{cite book|title=The Politics of India Since Independence|authors=Paul R. Brass|pages=40–50|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1994|isbn=978-0-521-45970-9}}</ref><ref name="B1">{{cite book|title=320 Million Judges|author=G. G. Mirchandani|pages=176–191|publisher=Abhinav Publications|year=2003|isbn=81-7017-061-3}}</ref> The Constitution was amended to make it more difficult for any future government to declare a state of emergency; fundamental freedoms and the independence of India's judiciary was reaffirmed.<ref name="POI2"/><ref name="B1"/> The new government also proceeded to withdraw all charges against the 25 accused in the [[Baroda dynamite case]], which included the new Minister of Industry, George Fernandes.<ref name="B1"/> The Minister of Railways reinstated the railway employees disciplined after the May 1974 strike.<ref name="B1"/> The Desai government proceeded to establish inquiry commissions and tribunals to investigate allegations of corruption and human rights abuses by members of Indira Gandhi's government, political party and the police forces. Specific inquiries were instituted on Sanjay Gandhi's management of the state-owned [[Maruti Udyog Ltd.]], the activities of the former Minister of Defence [[Bansi Lal]] and the [[1971 Nagarwala scandal]].<ref name="B1"/> Both Indira and her son Sanjay were charged with allegations of corruption and briefly arrested.

==Economic policy==
{{see also|Double Seven (soft drink)|l1=Double Seven}}
The Janata government had lesser success in achieving economic reforms. It launched the Sixth Five-Year Plan, aiming to boost agricultural production and rural industries. Seeking to promote economic self-reliance and indigenous industries, the government required multi-national corporations to go into partnership with Indian corporations. The policy proved controversial, diminishing foreign investment and led to the high-profile exit of corporations such as [[Coca-Cola]] and [[IBM]] from India.<ref name="IMM">{{cite book|title=India: From Midnight To Millennium|authors=Shashi Tharoor|pages=164–66|publisher=Arcade Publishing|year=2006|isbn=978-1-55970-803-6 }}</ref> But the government was unable to address the issues of resurging inflation, fuel shortages, unemployment and poverty. The legalisation of strikes and re-empowerment of trade unions affected business efficiency and economic production.

The Janata government tried to curb forgery and [[black money in India]] by demonetising notes of 1000, 5000 and 10000 Rupees on 16 January 1978.<ref>{{cite news|title=A Look Back to 1978 When Currency Notes Were Last Scrapped|url=https://www.thequint.com/india/2016/11/09/rs-500-1000-notes-scrapped-narendra-modi-a-look-back-at-1977-when-notes-were-scrapped-demonetization-black-money-rbi|access-date=10 November 2016}}</ref> Many decades later, in November 2016, [[Modi government]] decided to [[Indian 500 and 1000 rupee currency demonetisation|demonetise 500 and 1000 rupee notes]] in an effort to stop the counterfeiting of the current banknotes alleged to be used for funding [[terrorism in India]] and for cracking down on [[Indian black money|black money in the country]].<ref name="India Today">{{cite web|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/live-pm-narendra-modi-addresses-nation/1/805755.html |title=Here is what PM Modi said about the new Rs 500, Rs 2000 notes and black money |date=8 November 2016 |access-date=9 November 2016 |work=India Today}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Indian Emergency}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Desai, Morarji, Premiership Of}}
[[Category:Janata Party]]
[[Category:Desai administration| ]]
[[Category:1970s in India]]
[[Category:Indian premierships]]
[[Category:1977 establishments in India]]
[[Category:1979 disestablishments in India]]
[[Category:Shiromani Akali Dal]]

Premiership of Morarji Desai - Revision history

AndrewJordan: adjust structure

->PrimeBOT: /* top */Task 24: template update following a TFD

>TerminatorMan2712 at 07:09, 25 June 2021