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<p><b>New page</b></p><div>[[File:Mughal breechloading cannons.jpg|thumb|Four [[breechloading]] cannon of the Mughal empire depicted in the [[Akbarnama]].]]<br />
The '''prangi''', '''paranki''', '''piranki''', '''pirangi''', '''farangi''', '''firingi''', or '''firingiha''' was a type of cannon produced by [[Ottoman Empire]]. It was subsequently copied and produced in other place such as by [[Mughal Empire|Mughal empire]] under [[Babur]]. Prangi was a breech-loading swivel gun.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Chase|first=Kenneth|title=Firearms: A Global History to 1700|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2003|isbn=9780521822749}}</ref>{{Rp|143}}<br />
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== Etymology ==<br />
[[File:Portable cannon.JPG|thumb|Lowermost: A breech chamber of a [[Maratha Empire|Maratha]] cannon.]]<br />
Prangi was written in Ottoman sources in various words as prankı, pirankı, parangi, parangı, pranga, pranku, prangu, and parangu. The Ottoman term goes back to the Italian/Spanish ''braga'', short for "''petriero'' ''a barga''" and "''pedrero'' ''de'' ''braga''", a small breech-loading swivel gun.<ref name=":1">Agoston, Gabor (2019). [https://www.academia.edu/40449362/FIRANGI_ZARBZAN_AND_RUM_DASTURI_THE_OTTOMANS_AND_THE_DIFFUSION_OF_FIREARMS_IN_ASIA ''Firangi'', ''Zarbzan, and Rum Dasturi'': The Ottomans and the Diffusion of Firearms in Asia]. In Pál Fodor, Nándor E. Kovács and Benedek Péri eds., ''Şerefe. Studies in Honour of Prof. Géza Dávid on His Seventieth Birthday'', Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Budapest: Research Center for the Humanities, 89–104.</ref>{{Rp|100}} ''Braga'' itself means "pants" or "breech".<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|143}} Babur emperor in India called this weapon firingiha and farangi.<ref name=":2">{{cite book|last=Partington|first=J. R.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fNZBSqd2cToC&q=malacca+cannon&pg=PA279|title=A History of Greek Fire and Gunpowder|publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press|year=1999|isbn=9780801859540}}</ref>{{Rp|219}} Tamil and Telugu speakers call it pīranki and pīrangi.<ref name=":1" />{{Rp|100}}<br />
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== History and description ==<br />
Prangi is a small Ottoman breech-loading swivel gun, firing 150 gram shots, they were built mostly by cast bronze, but iron ones is also used. The Ottomans used the prangi from the mid-15th century onwards in field battles, aboard their ships, and in their forts, where prangis often comprised the majority of the ordnance.<ref name=":1" />{{Rp|100}} At the end of the 15th century Ottoman [[galley]] had a big cannon and 4 guns (''darbzen'') and 8 ''prangi'' cannons. These ships were 42-43 meters long with three sails carrying about 328 people.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bostan|first=Idris|url=https://muslimheritage.com/uploads/Ottoman_Maritime_Arsenals1.pdf|title=Ottoman Maritime Arsenals and Shipbuilding Technology in the 16th and 17th centuries|publisher=FSTC Limited|year=2007|location=Manchester}}</ref>{{Rp|12}} Prangi was a standard piece of Ottoman secondary naval armament.<ref>Shai Har-El, ''Struggle for Domination in the Middle East: The Ottoman-Mamluk War'', 1485-1491 (Leiden, New York, and Cologne: E. J. Brill, 1995) Pp. 238. In [http://mamluk.uchicago.edu/MamlukStudiesReview_V_2001.pdf Mamlūk Studies Review Volume 5].</ref>{{Rp|222}} An Ottoman naval record book of inventory and survey dated 10 April 1488 mentioned that Ottoman ''barça'' (barque) had 35 prangi, ''agrıpar'' ([[Galleass|galleas]]) had 16 prangi, ''kadırga'' (galley) had 8 prangi, ''kalıt'' ([[galliot]]) and ''kayık'' ([[fusta]]) had 4 prangi.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Har-El|first=Shai|url=https://www.google.co.id/books/edition/Struggle_for_Domination_in_the_Middle_Ea/KUjl5hWOYVMC?hl=en&gbpv=1|title=Struggle for Domination in the Middle East: The Ottoman-Mamluk War, 1485-91|publisher=E.J. Brill|year=1995|isbn=9789004101807}}</ref>{{Rp|173-174}}<br />
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== See also ==<br />
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* [[Breech-loading swivel gun]]<br />
* [[Swivel gun]]<br />
* [[Zamburak]]<br />
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== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
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{{Early firearms}}<br />
{{Artillery of the Middle Ages}}<br />
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[[Category:Firearm terminology]]<br />
[[Category:Naval artillery]]<br />
[[Category:Cannon]]<br />
[[Category:Artillery of the Ottoman Empire]]<br />
[[Category:Indo-Persian weaponry]]</div>Bot