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	<title>Pradeep Kumar (civil servant) - Revision history</title>
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	<updated>2026-08-18T06:08:43Z</updated>
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		<title>MyIPL at 10:53, 17 March 2026</title>
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		<updated>2026-03-17T10:53:01Z</updated>

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&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 16:23, 17 March 2026&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Use dmy dates|date=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;September 2013&lt;/del&gt;}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Use dmy dates|date=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;December 2024&lt;/ins&gt;}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Use Indian English|date=September 2013}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Use Indian English|date=September 2013}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l13&quot;&gt;Line 13:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 13:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|office             = Central Vigilance Commission{{!}}Central Vigilance Commissioner&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|office             = Central Vigilance Commission{{!}}Central Vigilance Commissioner&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|term_start         = 31 July 2011&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|term_start         = 31 July 2011&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|term_end           =  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|term_end           = &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;28 September 2014&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|deputy             = R Sri Kumar (Vigilance Commissioner)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|deputy             = R Sri Kumar (Vigilance Commissioner)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|taoiseach          =  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|taoiseach          =  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;|succeeding         =  &lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|predecessor        = [[P. J. Thomas (Indian administrative officer)]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|predecessor        = [[P. J. Thomas (Indian administrative officer)]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|successor          =  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|successor          = &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Rajiv&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|birth_date         = 29 &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;September 1949&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|birth_date         = &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{Birth date and age|df=yes|1949|09|&lt;/ins&gt;29&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;}}&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|nationality        = Indian&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|nationality        = &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Indian people|&lt;/ins&gt;Indian&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|party              =  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|party              =  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Pradeep Kumar&#039;&#039;&#039; is a former [[Indian Administrative Service]] (IAS) officer, 1972 batch, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt; &lt;/del&gt;of the Haryana cadre, who served as Defense Secretary, in the [[Ministry of Defence (India)|Ministry of Defence]], [[Government of India]], for a term of two years, from August 2009 to July 2011.&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;PIB, 2009&quot;&amp;gt;{{cite web|title=Pradeep Kumar is New Defence Secretary|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=51353|publisher=Ministry of Defence|accessdate=5 February 2014|author=PIB|date=31 July 2009}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/del&gt;He succeeded [[Vijay Singh]], IAS, 1970 batch, who, on superannuation, was appointed &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;as &lt;/del&gt;member of the UPSC.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite web|url=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;http&lt;/del&gt;://&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;news&lt;/del&gt;.oneindia.&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;in&lt;/del&gt;/2009/11/19/exdefence-secretary-vijay-singh-sworn-in-as-upscmember.html|title = Ex-Defence Secretary Vijay Singh sworn in as UPSC member|date = 19 November 2009}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt; &lt;/del&gt;In July 2011, on superannuation, he was appointed &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;as &lt;/del&gt;chief vigilance commissioner of India.&amp;lt;ref name=cvc,2014&amp;gt;{{cite web|title=Introduction|url=http://cvc.gov.in/introduction.htm|publisher=Government of India|accessdate=5 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222055507/http://cvc.gov.in/introduction.htm|archive-date=22 February 2014|url-status=dead}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Pradeep Kumar&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;(born 29 September 1949)  &lt;/ins&gt;is a former [[Indian Administrative Service]] (IAS) officer, 1972 batch, of the Haryana cadre, who served as Defense Secretary, in the [[Ministry of Defence (India)|Ministry of Defence]], [[Government of India]], for a term of two years, from August 2009 to July 2011.&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;PIB, 2009&quot;&amp;gt;{{cite web|title=Pradeep Kumar is New Defence Secretary|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=51353|publisher=Ministry of Defence|accessdate=5 February 2014|author=PIB|date=31 July 2009}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He succeeded [[Vijay Singh]], IAS, 1970 batch, who, on superannuation, was appointed member of the UPSC.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite web|url=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;https&lt;/ins&gt;://&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;www&lt;/ins&gt;.oneindia.&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;com&lt;/ins&gt;/2009/11/19/exdefence-secretary-vijay-singh-sworn-in-as-upscmember.html|title = Ex-Defence Secretary Vijay Singh sworn in as UPSC member|date = 19 November 2009}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In July 2011, on superannuation, he was appointed chief vigilance commissioner of India &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;where he served till September 2014&lt;/ins&gt;.&amp;lt;ref name=cvc,2014&amp;gt;{{cite web|title=Introduction|url=http://cvc.gov.in/introduction.htm|publisher=Government of India|accessdate=5 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222055507/http://cvc.gov.in/introduction.htm|archive-date=22 February 2014|url-status=dead}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Background==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Background==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Pradeep Kumar obtained a graduate degree in Electrical Engineering from the [[Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi]], and Masters in Economics and Social Studies from the [[University of Wales]], &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[&lt;/del&gt;United Kingdom&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]]&lt;/del&gt;.&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;PIB, 2009&quot;/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Pradeep Kumar obtained a graduate degree in Electrical Engineering from the [[Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi]], and Masters in Economics and Social Studies from the [[University of Wales]], United Kingdom.&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;PIB, 2009&quot;/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Career path ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Career path ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* In the Government of Haryana he served as Director of Industries, Principal Secretary, Power, Irrigation, Science and Technology, Town and Country Planning and Urban Estates departments.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;PIB, 2009&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* In the Government of Haryana he served as Director of Industries, Principal Secretary, Power, Irrigation, Science and Technology, Town and Country Planning and Urban Estates departments.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;PIB, 2009&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* In the Government of India he served as &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Joint Secretary &lt;/del&gt;in the Department of Heavy Industry, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Additional Secretary &lt;/del&gt;in the Ministry of Coal, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Chairman&lt;/del&gt;, National Highways Authority of India, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt; &lt;/del&gt;and &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Secretary &lt;/del&gt;(Disinvestment) in the Ministry of Finance. He has also served on the boards of &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt; &lt;/del&gt;[[Bharat Heavy Electricals]], [[Maruti Udyog]], Andrew Yule Ltd, Hindustan Paper Corporation Ltd, [[Coal India Ltd]] and Neyvelli Lignite Corporation.&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;PIB, 2009&quot;/&amp;gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* In the Government of India he served as &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;joint secretary &lt;/ins&gt;in the Department of Heavy Industry, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;additional secretary &lt;/ins&gt;in the Ministry of Coal, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;chairman&lt;/ins&gt;, National Highways Authority of India, and &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;secretary &lt;/ins&gt;(Disinvestment) in the Ministry of Finance. He has also served on the boards of [[Bharat Heavy Electricals]], [[Maruti Udyog]], Andrew Yule Ltd, Hindustan Paper Corporation Ltd, [[Coal India Ltd]] and Neyvelli Lignite Corporation.&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;PIB, 2009&quot;/&amp;gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* In the Ministry of Defense, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt; &lt;/del&gt;he was &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Secretary &lt;/del&gt;(Defence Production), and &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Defense &lt;/del&gt;secretary. He was succeeded by Shashi Kant Sharma, Bihar cadre, 1975 batch, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/del&gt;as defense secretary (14 July 2011 – 22 May 2013), who on superannuation was appointed &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;as &lt;/del&gt;[[Comptroller and Auditor General of India]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* In the Ministry of Defense, he was &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;secretary &lt;/ins&gt;(Defence Production), and &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;defense &lt;/ins&gt;secretary. He was succeeded by Shashi Kant Sharma, Bihar cadre, 1975 batch, as defense secretary (14 July 2011 – 22 May 2013), who on superannuation was appointed [[Comptroller and Auditor General of India]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Employment after superannuation ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Employment after superannuation ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;On superannuation Pradeep Kumar was appointed &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;as &lt;/del&gt;chief vigilance commissioner of India, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt; &lt;/del&gt;a statutory appointment, who is head of the [[Central Vigilance Commission]]. He assumed the office from 31 July 2011.&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;cvc,2014&quot;/&amp;gt; &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt; &lt;/del&gt;The chief vigilance commissioner has a fixed term of four years or until reaching the age of 65, whichever is earlier.&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;cvc,2014&quot;/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;On superannuation Pradeep Kumar was appointed chief vigilance commissioner of India, a statutory appointment, who is head of the [[Central Vigilance Commission]]. He assumed the office from 31 July 2011.&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;cvc,2014&quot;/&amp;gt; The chief vigilance commissioner has a fixed term of four years or until reaching the age of 65, whichever is earlier.&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;cvc,2014&quot;/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Notes==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Notes==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l48&quot;&gt;Line 48:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 47:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:1955 births]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:1955 births]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Living people]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Living people]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Defence &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Secretaries &lt;/del&gt;of India]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Defence &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;secretaries &lt;/ins&gt;of India]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Indian Administrative Service officers]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Indian Administrative Service officers]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:District magistrate]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:District magistrate]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>MyIPL</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
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&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2013}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2013}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{Infobox civil servant&lt;br /&gt;
|name               = Pradeep Kumar&lt;br /&gt;
|honorific-suffix   = &lt;br /&gt;
|image              = File:Shri Pradeep Kumar took over as the new Defence Secretary, in New Delhi on July 31, 2009.jpg&lt;br /&gt;
|imagesize          = &lt;br /&gt;
|smallimage         = &amp;lt;!--If this is specified, &amp;quot;image&amp;quot; should not be.--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|alt                = &lt;br /&gt;
|caption            = IAS Haryana Cadre 1972&lt;br /&gt;
|order              = 15th&lt;br /&gt;
|office             = Central Vigilance Commission{{!}}Central Vigilance Commissioner&lt;br /&gt;
|term_start         = 31 July 2011&lt;br /&gt;
|term_end           = &lt;br /&gt;
|deputy             = R Sri Kumar (Vigilance Commissioner)&lt;br /&gt;
|taoiseach          = &lt;br /&gt;
|succeeding         =  &lt;br /&gt;
|predecessor        = [[P. J. Thomas (Indian administrative officer)]]&lt;br /&gt;
|successor          = &lt;br /&gt;
|birth_date         = 29 September 1949&lt;br /&gt;
|nationality        = Indian&lt;br /&gt;
|party              = &lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Pradeep Kumar&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is a former [[Indian Administrative Service]] (IAS) officer, 1972 batch,  of the Haryana cadre, who served as Defense Secretary, in the [[Ministry of Defence (India)|Ministry of Defence]], [[Government of India]], for a term of two years, from August 2009 to July 2011.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;PIB, 2009&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{cite web|title=Pradeep Kumar is New Defence Secretary|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=51353|publisher=Ministry of Defence|accessdate=5 February 2014|author=PIB|date=31 July 2009}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;   He succeeded [[Vijay Singh]], IAS, 1970 batch, who, on superannuation, was appointed as member of the UPSC.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite web|url=http://news.oneindia.in/2009/11/19/exdefence-secretary-vijay-singh-sworn-in-as-upscmember.html|title = Ex-Defence Secretary Vijay Singh sworn in as UPSC member|date = 19 November 2009}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  In July 2011, on superannuation, he was appointed as chief vigilance commissioner of India.&amp;lt;ref name=cvc,2014&amp;gt;{{cite web|title=Introduction|url=http://cvc.gov.in/introduction.htm|publisher=Government of India|accessdate=5 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222055507/http://cvc.gov.in/introduction.htm|archive-date=22 February 2014|url-status=dead}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Background==&lt;br /&gt;
Pradeep Kumar obtained a graduate degree in Electrical Engineering from the [[Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi]], and Masters in Economics and Social Studies from the [[University of Wales]], [[United Kingdom]].&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;PIB, 2009&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Career path ==&lt;br /&gt;
* In the Government of Haryana he served as Director of Industries, Principal Secretary, Power, Irrigation, Science and Technology, Town and Country Planning and Urban Estates departments.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;PIB, 2009&amp;quot;/&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
* In the Government of India he served as Joint Secretary in the Department of Heavy Industry, Additional Secretary in the Ministry of Coal, Chairman, National Highways Authority of India,  and Secretary (Disinvestment) in the Ministry of Finance. He has also served on the boards of  [[Bharat Heavy Electricals]], [[Maruti Udyog]], Andrew Yule Ltd, Hindustan Paper Corporation Ltd, [[Coal India Ltd]] and Neyvelli Lignite Corporation.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;PIB, 2009&amp;quot;/&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
* In the Ministry of Defense,  he was Secretary (Defence Production), and Defense secretary. He was succeeded by Shashi Kant Sharma, Bihar cadre, 1975 batch,   as defense secretary (14 July 2011 – 22 May 2013), who on superannuation was appointed as [[Comptroller and Auditor General of India]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Employment after superannuation ==&lt;br /&gt;
On superannuation Pradeep Kumar was appointed as chief vigilance commissioner of India,  a statutory appointment, who is head of the [[Central Vigilance Commission]]. He assumed the office from 31 July 2011.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;cvc,2014&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;  The chief vigilance commissioner has a fixed term of four years or until reaching the age of 65, whichever is earlier.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;cvc,2014&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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==Notes==&lt;br /&gt;
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==References==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Central Vigilance Commission]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.cvc.nic.in CVC]&lt;br /&gt;
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{{Authority control}}&lt;br /&gt;
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Kumar, Pradeep}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:1955 births]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Living people]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Defence Secretaries of India]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Indian Administrative Service officers]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:District magistrate]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
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