Pootkee Balihari Area - Revision history

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← Older revision		Revision as of 23:16, 1 January 2022
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	The Pootkee Balihari Area office is located at {{coord\|23.7544\|N\|86.3628\|E\|region:IN\|display=inline}}.		The Pootkee Balihari Area office is located at {{coord\|23.7544\|N\|86.3628\|E\|region:IN\|display=inline}}.

	The Pootkee Balihari Area is located about 10 km to the south-east of [[Dhanbad Junction railway station]]. [[National Highway 18 (India)\|National Highway 18]] (old number NH 32)/ (locally popular as Dhanbad-Bokaro Road) runs just north of the Area.<ref name=pbarea>{{cite web \| url = http://www.bcclweb.in/?page_id=1722 \| title = PB Area \| publisher = Bharat Coking Coal Limited \| accessdate = 19 June 2019}}</ref>		The Pootkee Balihari Area is located about 10 km to the south-east of [[Dhanbad Junction railway station]]. [[National Highway 18 (India)\|National Highway 18]] (old number NH 32)/ (locally popular as Dhanbad-Bokaro Road) runs just north of the Area.<ref name=pbarea>{{cite web \| url = http://www.bcclweb.in/?page_id=1722 \| title = PB Area \| publisher = Bharat Coking Coal Limited \| accessdate = 19 June 2019}}</ref>

	The map placed immediately below shows some of the collieries in the Area. However, as the collieries do not have individual pages, there are no links in the full screen map. In the map placed further down, all places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.		The map placed immediately below shows some of the collieries in the Area. However, as the collieries do not have individual pages, there are no links in the full screen map. In the map placed further down, all places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.
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	==Mining activity==		==Mining activity==
	'''Producing mines''': <ref name=pbarea/>		'''Producing mines''':<ref name=pbarea/>

	The new 1&2 sections of PB section and SB 5/7 pit section was amalgamated in 2005 to form PB Project Colliery. It is located in the central part of the [[Jharia Coalfield]] on the Bhaga Putkee Road and has a mineable reserve of 571.03 million tonnes.		The new 1&2 sections of PB section and SB 5/7 pit section was amalgamated in 2005 to form PB Project Colliery. It is located in the central part of the [[Jharia Coalfield]] on the Bhaga Putkee Road and has a mineable reserve of 571.03 million tonnes.
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	KB 10/12 Pits colliery operates in XV and XVI seam with hydraulic sand stowing. It was earlier worked by Sethia Brothers. It is on Putkee Bhaga DB Road and has a mineable reserve of 3.501 million tonnes.		KB 10/12 Pits colliery operates in XV and XVI seam with hydraulic sand stowing. It was earlier worked by Sethia Brothers. It is on Putkee Bhaga DB Road and has a mineable reserve of 3.501 million tonnes.

	Bhagaband Colliery, located 4 km east of Putkee was started by Bird & Heigers Co. in 1932. The 17 bottom incline was closed in 2005. Now there is one depillaring panel with stowing in XV seam. It has a mineable reserve of 3.401 million tonnes.		Bhagaband Colliery, located 4 km east of Putkee was started by Bird & Heigers Co. in 1932. The 17 bottom incline was closed in 2005. Now there is one depillaring panel with stowing in XV seam. It has a mineable reserve of 3.401 million tonnes.

	Gopalichak Colliery was formed by amalgamation of several old mines. Depillaring with stowing is being carried out in X seam. It has a mineable reserve of 146.14 million tonnes.		Gopalichak Colliery was formed by amalgamation of several old mines. Depillaring with stowing is being carried out in X seam. It has a mineable reserve of 146.14 million tonnes.
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	\|mark-coord21={{coord\|23\|44\|35\|N\|86\|19\|21\|E}} \| label-pos21=top\|label21= Sansikhara\| numbered21=CT\| mark-title21=[[Sansikhara]] (CT)\| shape-color21= #A40000		\|mark-coord21={{coord\|23\|44\|35\|N\|86\|19\|21\|E}} \| label-pos21=top\|label21= Sansikhara\| numbered21=CT\| mark-title21=[[Sansikhara]] (CT)\| shape-color21= #A40000
	\|mark-coord22={{coord\|23\|43\|38\|N\|86\|20\|45\|E}} \| label-pos22=right\|label22= Bardubhi\| numbered22=CT\| mark-title22=[[Bardubhi]] (CT)\| shape-color22= #A40000		\|mark-coord22={{coord\|23\|43\|38\|N\|86\|20\|45\|E}} \| label-pos22=right\|label22= Bardubhi\| numbered22=CT\| mark-title22=[[Bardubhi]] (CT)\| shape-color22= #A40000
	\|mark-coord23={{coord\|23\|45\|5\|N\|86\|21\|50\|E}} \| label-pos23=right\|label23=BCCL Pootkee Balihari Area \|numbered23=0 \| mark-title23=[[Pootkee Balihari Area]] (A)\|shape-color23=black\| label-size23=13\|label-color23=black <!-- make the subject of the article stand out with black colors -->		\|mark-coord23={{coord\|23\|45\|5\|N\|86\|21\|50\|E}} \| label-pos23=right\|label23=BCCL Pootkee Balihari Area \|numbered23=0 \| mark-title23=Pootkee Balihari Area (A)\|shape-color23=black\| label-size23=13\|label-color23=black <!-- make the subject of the article stand out with black colors -->
	\|mark-coord24={{coord\|23\|40\|15\|N\|86\|26\|49\|E}} \| label-pos24=left\|label24=BCCL Eastern Jharia Area \|numbered24=0 \| mark-title24=[[Eastern Jharia Area]] (A)\| label-size24=12\| shape-color24=#AA6666		\|mark-coord24={{coord\|23\|40\|15\|N\|86\|26\|49\|E}} \| label-pos24=left\|label24=BCCL Eastern Jharia Area \|numbered24=0 \| mark-title24=[[Eastern Jharia Area]] (A)\| label-size24=12\| shape-color24=#AA6666
	\|mark-coord25={{coord\|23\|43\|25\|N\|86\|24\|38\|E}} \| label-pos25=right\|label25=BCCL Lodna Area \|numbered25=0 \| mark-title25=[[Lodna Area]] (A)\| label-size25=12\| shape-color25=#AA6666		\|mark-coord25={{coord\|23\|43\|25\|N\|86\|24\|38\|E}} \| label-pos25=right\|label25=BCCL Lodna Area \|numbered25=0 \| mark-title25=[[Lodna Area]] (A)\| label-size25=12\| shape-color25=#AA6666
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	==Coal field fire==		==Coal field fire==
	===Overview===		===Overview===
	Jharia is famous for a [[Mine fire\|coal field fire]] that has burned underground for a century. The first fire was detected in 1916.<ref name=JhariaTimes>{{cite news \| url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Jharia-to-be-shifted/articleshow/1941479.cms \| title=Jharia to be shifted \| newspaper=The Times of India \| date=31 August 2006 \| first=Law Kumar \| last=Mishra \| accessdate=24 January 2019}}</ref>According to records, it was the Khas Jharia mines of [[Seth Khora Ramji]], who was a pioneer of Indian coalmines, whose mines were one of the firsts to collapse in underground fire in 1930. Two of his collieries, Khas Jharia and Golden Jharia, which worked on maximum 260-foot-deep shafts,<ref name=xxx/> collapsed due to now infamous underground fires, in which their house and bungalow also collapsed on 8 November 1930, causing 18 feet subsidence and widespread destruction.<ref name="archive.org">[https://archive.org/stream/bengalassambehar00playuoft/bengalassambehar00playuoft_djvu.txt Gazetteers of Bengal, Assam, Bihar & Orissa 1917 Khora Ramji Colliries]</ref><ref name="Khora Ramji Mines capsized in 1938">[https://books.google.com/books?ei=4T97TMuXDsLQcZSR0KgG&ct=result&id=CbmyAAAAIAAJ&dq=khora+ramji+jharia&q=khora+ramji+#search_anchor Khora Ramji Mines capsized in 1938]</ref><ref name=xxx>{{cite book\|title=Peripheral Labour: Studies in the History of Partial Proletarianization edited by Shahid Amin, Marcel van der Linden\|year=1997\|page=83\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FClErftju_kC&pg=PA83&dq=JHARIA+ONE+OF+THE+OLDEST+MINES+FIRE#v=onepage\|isbn=9780521589000\|last1=Amin\|first1=Samir\|last2=Amin\|first2=Shahid\|last3=Linden\|first3=Marcel van der}}</ref><ref>Diary of Golden Days at Jharia – A Memoir & History of Gurjar Kashtriya Samaj of Kutch in Coalfields of Jharia – written by Natwarlal Devram Jethwa:1998 Page:12</ref><ref>Nanji Bapa ni Nondh-pothi published in Gujarati in year 1999 from Vadodara. It is a diary of Railway Contracts done by KGK community noted by Nanji Govindji Tank of Jamshedpur, compiled by Dharsibhai Jethalal Tank, Tatanagar. (Aank Sidhhi awarded to book by Kutch Shakti at Mumbai in 2000): Life Sketch of Seth Khora Ramji Chawra Page :76</ref><ref name=f>[https://books.google.com/books?id=CbmyAAAAIAAJ&q=seth+khora+ramji&dq=seth+khora+ramji&hl=en&ei=yubATdnwNYzqrQfW0KnfAw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA] ''The Jharia underground fire still raging first came to notice in November, 1930 with subsidance at Seth Khora Ramji's Khas Jharia Colliery(Page 159). He was told that Seth Khora Ramji, whose mines lay underneath Jharia, had chosen to live in his house, which also collapsed in subsidance(Page 160)''. "The politics of labour under late colonialism: workers, unions, and the state in Chota Nagpur, 1928–1939 by Dilip Simeon."</ref> The fire never stopped despite sincere efforts by mines department and railway authorities and in 1933 flaming crevasses lead to exodus of many residents.<ref name=xxx/> The [[1934 Nepal–Bihar earthquake]] led to further spread of fire and by 1938 the authorities had declared that there is raging fire beneath the town with 42 collieries out of 133 on fire.<ref>Searchlight, 24 January 1936.</ref>		Jharia is famous for a [[Mine fire\|coal field fire]] that has burned underground for a century. The first fire was detected in 1916.<ref name=JhariaTimes>{{cite news \| url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Jharia-to-be-shifted/articleshow/1941479.cms \| title=Jharia to be shifted \| newspaper=The Times of India \| date=31 August 2006 \| first=Law Kumar \| last=Mishra \| accessdate=24 January 2019}}</ref> According to records, it was the Khas Jharia mines of [[Seth Khora Ramji]], who was a pioneer of Indian coalmines, whose mines were one of the firsts to collapse in underground fire in 1930. Two of his collieries, Khas Jharia and Golden Jharia, which worked on maximum 260-foot-deep shafts,<ref name=xxx/> collapsed due to now infamous underground fires, in which their house and bungalow also collapsed on 8 November 1930, causing 18 feet subsidence and widespread destruction.<ref name=xxx>{{cite book\|title=Peripheral Labour: Studies in the History of Partial Proletarianization edited by Shahid Amin, Marcel van der Linden\|year=1997\|page=83\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FClErftju_kC&pg=PA83&dq=JHARIA+ONE+OF+THE+OLDEST+MINES+FIRE#v=onepage\|isbn=9780521589000\|last1=Amin\|first1=Samir\|last2=Amin\|first2=Shahid\|last3=Linden\|first3=Marcel van der}}</ref><ref name="archive.org">[https://archive.org/stream/bengalassambehar00playuoft/bengalassambehar00playuoft_djvu.txt Gazetteers of Bengal, Assam, Bihar & Orissa 1917 Khora Ramji Colliries]</ref><ref name="Khora Ramji Mines capsized in 1938">[https://books.google.com/books?ei=4T97TMuXDsLQcZSR0KgG&ct=result&id=CbmyAAAAIAAJ&dq=khora+ramji+jharia&q=khora+ramji+#search_anchor Khora Ramji Mines capsized in 1938]</ref><ref>Diary of Golden Days at Jharia – A Memoir & History of Gurjar Kashtriya Samaj of Kutch in Coalfields of Jharia – written by Natwarlal Devram Jethwa:1998 Page:12</ref><ref>Nanji Bapa ni Nondh-pothi published in Gujarati in year 1999 from Vadodara. It is a diary of Railway Contracts done by KGK community noted by Nanji Govindji Tank of Jamshedpur, compiled by Dharsibhai Jethalal Tank, Tatanagar. (Aank Sidhhi awarded to book by Kutch Shakti at Mumbai in 2000): Life Sketch of Seth Khora Ramji Chawra Page :76</ref><ref name=f>[https://books.google.com/books?id=CbmyAAAAIAAJ&q=seth+khora+ramji&dq=seth+khora+ramji&hl=en&ei=yubATdnwNYzqrQfW0KnfAw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA] ''The Jharia underground fire still raging first came to notice in November, 1930 with subsidance at Seth Khora Ramji's Khas Jharia Colliery(Page 159). He was told that Seth Khora Ramji, whose mines lay underneath Jharia, had chosen to live in his house, which also collapsed in subsidance(Page 160)''. "The politics of labour under late colonialism: workers, unions, and the state in Chota Nagpur, 1928–1939 by Dilip Simeon."</ref> The fire never stopped despite sincere efforts by mines department and railway authorities and in 1933 flaming crevasses lead to exodus of many residents.<ref name=xxx/> The [[1934 Nepal–Bihar earthquake]] led to further spread of fire and by 1938 the authorities had declared that there is raging fire beneath the town with 42 collieries out of 133 on fire.<ref>Searchlight, 24 January 1936.</ref>

	In 1972, more than 70 mine fires were reported in this region. As of 2007, more than 400,000 people who reside in Jharia are living on land in danger of subsidence due to the fires, and according to Satya Pratap Singh, "Jharia township is on the brink of an ecological and human disaster".<ref>[http://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx?id=ab7c12d5-2837-4b87-804c-2649fd1a7413&MatchID1=4627&TeamID1=1&TeamID2=6&MatchType1=1&SeriesID1=1165&PrimaryID=4627&Headline='Declare+Jharia+fire+a+national+disaster' Hindustan Times, 15 December 2007]{{dead link\|date=August 2021\|bot=medic}}{{cbignore\|bot=medic}}</ref> The government has been criticized for a perceived lackadaisical attitude<ref>[https://archive.today/20120908233321/http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V8C-4C4W52H-1&_user=10&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=5d2c09a9fa7df30fb2b5ded8c3002a7c The Jharia mine fire control technical assistance project: an analysis, April 2004]</ref> towards the safety of the people of Jharia.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060902180620/http://www.hindu.com/mag/2006/08/27/stories/2006082700070500.htm "Inside Coal Mine Fires", a documentary, 2005]</ref> Heavy fumes emitted by the fires<ref>[http://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2007AM/finalprogram/abstract_132434.htm ESTIMATION OF GAS EMISSIONS FROM SHALLOW SUBSURFACE COAL FIRES IN JHARIA COALFIELD]</ref> lead to severe health problems such as breathing disorders and skin diseases among the local population.<ref>[http://www.indiatogether.org/2006/nov/hlt-mining.htm In the line of fire, indiatogether.org]</ref>		In 1972, more than 70 mine fires were reported in this region. As of 2007, more than 400,000 people who reside in Jharia are living on land in danger of subsidence due to the fires, and according to Satya Pratap Singh, "Jharia township is on the brink of an ecological and human disaster".<ref>[http://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx?id=ab7c12d5-2837-4b87-804c-2649fd1a7413&MatchID1=4627&TeamID1=1&TeamID2=6&MatchType1=1&SeriesID1=1165&PrimaryID=4627&Headline='Declare+Jharia+fire+a+national+disaster' Hindustan Times, 15 December 2007]{{dead link\|date=August 2021\|bot=medic}}{{cbignore\|bot=medic}}</ref> The government has been criticized for a perceived lackadaisical attitude<ref>[https://archive.today/20120908233321/http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V8C-4C4W52H-1&_user=10&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=5d2c09a9fa7df30fb2b5ded8c3002a7c The Jharia mine fire control technical assistance project: an analysis, April 2004]</ref> towards the safety of the people of Jharia.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060902180620/http://www.hindu.com/mag/2006/08/27/stories/2006082700070500.htm "Inside Coal Mine Fires", a documentary, 2005]</ref> Heavy fumes emitted by the fires<ref>[http://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2007AM/finalprogram/abstract_132434.htm ESTIMATION OF GAS EMISSIONS FROM SHALLOW SUBSURFACE COAL FIRES IN JHARIA COALFIELD]</ref> lead to severe health problems such as breathing disorders and skin diseases among the local population.<ref>[http://www.indiatogether.org/2006/nov/hlt-mining.htm In the line of fire, indiatogether.org]</ref>

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{{Infobox mine
| name = Pootkee Balihari Area
| image =
| width =
| caption =
| pushpin_map = India Jharkhand#India
| pushpin_label = Pootkee Balihari Area
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Jharkhand
| coordinates = {{coord|23.7544|N|86.3628|E|region:IN|display=inline,title}}
| place =
| subdivision_type = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| state/province = [[Jharkhand]]
| country = [[India]]
| owner = [[Bharat Coking Coal|Bharat Coking Coal Limited]]
| official website = http://www.bcclweb.in/
| acquisition year = 1971-72
| stock_exchange =
| stock_code =
| products = Coking coal
| financial year =
| amount =
| opening year =
| closing year =
|Key Person=Sri P S Mishra}}
'''Pootkee Balihari Area''' is one of the 12 operational areas of [[Bharat Coking Coal|BCCL]] located in [[Dhanbad Sadar subdivision]] of [[Dhanbad district]] in the state of [[Jharkhand]], [[India]].

==Geography==
===Location===
The Pootkee Balihari Area office is located at {{coord|23.7544|N|86.3628|E|region:IN|display=inline}}.

The Pootkee Balihari Area is located about 10 km to the south-east of [[Dhanbad Junction railway station]]. [[National Highway 18 (India)|National Highway 18]] (old number NH 32)/ (locally popular as Dhanbad-Bokaro Road) runs just north of the Area.<ref name=pbarea>{{cite web | url = http://www.bcclweb.in/?page_id=1722 | title = PB Area | publisher = Bharat Coking Coal Limited | accessdate = 19 June 2019}}</ref>

The map placed immediately below shows some of the collieries in the Area. However, as the collieries do not have individual pages, there are no links in the full screen map. In the map placed further down, all places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.

{{OSM Location map
| width=610| height=250| zoom=12
| coord={{coord|23|44|30|N|86|18|20|E}}| float=left|caption='''Collieries in the Pootkee Balihari and Western Jharia Areas of BCCL'''<br/>U: Underground colliery, O: Open Cast colliery, M: Mixed colliery, W: Washery, F: Facility, A: Administrative headquarters<br/>Owing to space constraints in the small map, the actual locations in a larger map may vary slightly
|mark-coord1={{coord|23|46|0|N|86|22|15|E}} | label-pos1=right|label1=Gopalichak colliery| numbered1=M| mark-title1= Gopalichak colliery (M)|label-color1= #800000|label-size1=11| mark-size1=12|shape1=l-circle|shape-color1= #D2691E|shape-outline1=white|label-offset-x1=2
|mark-coord2={{coord|23|45|0|N|86|22|30|E}} | label-pos2=left|label2= Kachhi Balihari 10/12 pit colliery| numbered2=U| mark-title2= Kachhi Balihari 10/12 pit colliery (U) |shape-color2=#800000
|mark-coord3={{coord|23|44|40|N|86|22|30|E}} | label-pos3=left|label3= PB Underground Project| numbered3=U| mark-title3= PB Underground Project (U) |shape-color3=#800000
|mark-coord4={{coord|23|44|30|N|86|22|15|E}} | label-pos4=left|label4= Bhagabandh colliery| numbered4=U| mark-title4= Bhagabandh colliery (U) |shape-color4=#800000
|mark-coord5={{coord|23|46|30|N|86|23|20|E}} | label-pos5=bottom|label5= Kendwadih colliery| numbered5=O| mark-title5= Kendwadih colliery (O) |shape-color5=#C42222
|mark-coord6={{coord|23|45|30|N|86|21|40|E}} | label-pos6=left|label6= Pootkee colliery| numbered6=U| mark-title6= Pootkee colliery (U) |shape-color6=#800000
|mark-coord7={{coord|23|44|50|N|86|22|30|E}} | label-pos7=left|label7= Kachhi Balihari 5/6 pit colliery| numbered7=U| mark-title7= Kachhi Balihari 5/6 pit colliery (U) |shape-color7=#800000
|mark-coord8={{coord|23|43|30|N|86|22|0|E}} | label-pos8=right|label8= Moonidih Project| numbered8=U| mark-title8= Moonidih Project (U) |shape-color8=#800000
|mark-coord9={{coord|23|44|4|N|86|17|13|E}} | label-pos9=right|label9= Murulidih colliery| numbered9=O| mark-title9= Murulidih colliery (O) |shape-color9=#C42222
|mark-coord10={{coord|23|42|55|N|86|15|54|E}} | label-pos10=left|label10= Bhatdih colliery| numbered10=U| mark-title10= Bhatdih colliery (U) |shape-color10=#800000
|mark-coord11={{coord|23|44|33|N|86|12|44|E}} | label-pos11=right|label11= Lohapatty colliery| numbered11=U| mark-title11= Lohapatty colliery (U) |shape-color11=#800000
|mark-coord12={{coord|23|44|15|N|86|21|20|E}} | label-pos12=right|label12= Moonidih washery| numbered12=W| mark-title12= Moonidih washery (W) |shape-color12=#0048BA
|mark-coord13={{coord|23|44|36|N|86|16|50|E}} | label-pos13=right|label13= Mahuda washery| numbered13=W| mark-title13= Mahuda washery (W) |shape-color13=#0048BA
|mark-coord14={{coord|23|45|15|N|86|21|46|E}} | label-pos14=left|label14=BCCL Pootkee Balihari Area office | numbered14=A| mark-title14=BCCL Pootkee Balihari Area office (A)|shape-color14=black| label-size14=13|label-color14=black
|mark-coord15={{coord|23|45|0|N|86|16|27|E}} | label-pos15=left|label15=BCCL Western Jharia Area office | numbered15=A| mark-title15=BCCL Western Jharia Area office (A)|shape-color15=black| label-size15=13|label-color15=black
|mark-coord16={{coord|23.7145|86.2975}}| label16=Damodar River| label-color16 = #77A1CB| label-angle16=0| label-pos16=top| label-size16=10| mark-size16=0| mark-title16 =none}}

==Coal mines==
The producing mines are: P.B.Project Colliery, KB. 10/12 Pits/ Colliery, Bhagaband Colliery and Gopalichak Colliery.<ref name=pbarea/>
The non-producing mines are: KB. 5/6 Pits Colliery, Kenduadih Colliery and Pootkee Colliery.<ref name=pbarea/>
Other units are: B.C.Colliery, Ekra Workshop, Kenduadih Auto Workshop and 132 kv substation.<ref name=pbarea/>
The Pootkee Balihari has a target of producing 3 million tonnes per annum.<ref name=pbarea/>

==Mining activity==
'''Producing mines''': <ref name=pbarea/>

The new 1&2 sections of PB section and SB 5/7 pit section was amalgamated in 2005 to form PB Project Colliery. It is located in the central part of the [[Jharia Coalfield]] on the Bhaga Putkee Road and has a mineable reserve of 571.03 million tonnes.

KB 10/12 Pits colliery operates in XV and XVI seam with hydraulic sand stowing. It was earlier worked by Sethia Brothers. It is on Putkee Bhaga DB Road and has a mineable reserve of 3.501 million tonnes.

Bhagaband Colliery, located 4 km east of Putkee was started by Bird & Heigers Co. in 1932. The 17 bottom incline was closed in 2005. Now there is one depillaring panel with stowing in XV seam. It has a mineable reserve of 3.401 million tonnes.

Gopalichak Colliery was formed by amalgamation of several old mines. Depillaring with stowing is being carried out in X seam. It has a mineable reserve of 146.14 million tonnes.

'''Non-producing mines''':<ref name=pbarea/>

Kenduadih Colliery is an old mine, started in 1892. It was earlier worked by East India Coal Company. Working was stopped in 1992. It has a mineable reserve of 144.63 million tonnes.

Putkee Colliery stopped working, except pumping, in 2006 for shifting the existing pit landing from XII seam to X seam. It has a mineable reserve of 83.05 million tonnes.

==Mining plan==
{{OSM Location map
| width=350| height=250| zoom=11
| coord={{coord|23|43|30|N|86|25|0|E}}| float=left|caption='''Cities, towns and locations in the southern portion of Dhanbad Sadar subdivision in Dhanbad district'''<br/>MC: Municipal Corporation, CT: Census Town, N: Neighbourhood, R: Rural/ Urban centre<br/>Owing to space constraints in the small map, the actual locations in a larger map may vary slightly
|mark-coord1={{coord|23|41|15|N|86|25|52|E}} | label-pos1=right|label1= Bhowrah| numbered1=N| mark-title1=[[Bhowrah]] (N)|label-color1=#800000 |label-size1=11| mark-size1=12|shape1=l-circle|shape-color1= #C42222|shape-outline1=white|label-offset-x1=2
|mark-coord2={{coord|23|45|28|N|86|22|30|E}} | label-pos2=right|label2= Baliari | numbered2=N| mark-title2= [[Baliari]] (N)
|mark-coord3={{coord|23|46|10|N|86|21|36|E}} | label-pos3=right|label3= Chhotaputki | numbered3=N| mark-title3= [[Chhotaputki]] (N)
|mark-coord4={{coord|23|42|50|N|86|24|47|E}} | label-pos4=left|label4= Jamadoba | numbered4=N| mark-title4= [[Jamadoba]] (N)
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An overview of the proposed mining activity plan in ''Cluster XI'', a group of 7 mines in PB Area plus Moonidih Mine (not included here), as of 2012, is as follows:<ref>{{cite web | url = http://environmentclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/modification/previousTOR/1309201768E9R4RPFinalFormIClusterXI.pdf | title = Form I of Cluster XI of BCCL Mines | publisher = Bharat Coking Coal Limited | accessdate = 19 June 2019}}</ref>

1. Gopalichak colliery is an operating [[Open-pit mining|open cast]] colliery. With a normative annual production capacity of 0.50 million tonnes per year and peak annual production capacity of 0.65 million tonnes per year, it had an expected life of more than 25 years.

2.Kachi Balihari 10/12 pit is an operating [[Mining#Underground mining|underground colliery]]. With a normative annual production capacity of 0.09 million tonnes per year and peak annual production capacity of 0.117 million tonnes per year, it had an expected life of 9 years.

3.PB Project is an operating underground colliery. With a normative annual production capacity of 0.8 million tonnes per year and peak annual production capacity of 1.04 million tonnes per year, it had an expected life of more than 30 years.

4.Bhagabandh colliery is an operating underground colliery. With a normative annual production capacity of 0.08 million tonnes per year and peak annual production capacity of 0.104 million tonnes per year, it had an expected life of 5 years.

5.Kenduadih colliery is an operating open cast colliery. With a normative annual production capacity of 0.20 million tonnes per year and peak annual production capacity of 0.26 million tonnes per year, it had an expected life of more than 25 years.

6.Pootkee colliery is a non-producing underground colliery.

7.Kachi Balihari 5/6 pit colliery is a non-producing underground colliery.

==Coal field fire==
===Overview===
Jharia is famous for a [[Mine fire|coal field fire]] that has burned underground for a century. The first fire was detected in 1916.<ref name=JhariaTimes>{{cite news | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Jharia-to-be-shifted/articleshow/1941479.cms | title=Jharia to be shifted | newspaper=The Times of India | date=31 August 2006 | first=Law Kumar | last=Mishra | accessdate=24 January 2019}}</ref>According to records, it was the Khas Jharia mines of [[Seth Khora Ramji]], who was a pioneer of Indian coalmines, whose mines were one of the firsts to collapse in underground fire in 1930. Two of his collieries, Khas Jharia and Golden Jharia, which worked on maximum 260-foot-deep shafts,<ref name=xxx/> collapsed due to now infamous underground fires, in which their house and bungalow also collapsed on 8 November 1930, causing 18 feet subsidence and widespread destruction.<ref name="archive.org">[https://archive.org/stream/bengalassambehar00playuoft/bengalassambehar00playuoft_djvu.txt Gazetteers of Bengal, Assam, Bihar & Orissa 1917 Khora Ramji Colliries]</ref><ref name="Khora Ramji Mines capsized in 1938">[https://books.google.com/books?ei=4T97TMuXDsLQcZSR0KgG&ct=result&id=CbmyAAAAIAAJ&dq=khora+ramji+jharia&q=khora+ramji+#search_anchor Khora Ramji Mines capsized in 1938]</ref><ref name=xxx>{{cite book|title=Peripheral Labour: Studies in the History of Partial Proletarianization edited by Shahid Amin, Marcel van der Linden|year=1997|page=83|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FClErftju_kC&pg=PA83&dq=JHARIA+ONE+OF+THE+OLDEST+MINES+FIRE#v=onepage|isbn=9780521589000|last1=Amin|first1=Samir|last2=Amin|first2=Shahid|last3=Linden|first3=Marcel van der}}</ref><ref>Diary of Golden Days at Jharia – A Memoir & History of Gurjar Kashtriya Samaj of Kutch in Coalfields of Jharia – written by Natwarlal Devram Jethwa:1998 Page:12</ref><ref>Nanji Bapa ni Nondh-pothi published in Gujarati in year 1999 from Vadodara. It is a diary of Railway Contracts done by KGK community noted by Nanji Govindji Tank of Jamshedpur, compiled by Dharsibhai Jethalal Tank, Tatanagar. (Aank Sidhhi awarded to book by Kutch Shakti at Mumbai in 2000): Life Sketch of Seth Khora Ramji Chawra Page :76</ref><ref name=f>[https://books.google.com/books?id=CbmyAAAAIAAJ&q=seth+khora+ramji&dq=seth+khora+ramji&hl=en&ei=yubATdnwNYzqrQfW0KnfAw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA] ''The Jharia underground fire still raging first came to notice in November, 1930 with subsidance at Seth Khora Ramji's Khas Jharia Colliery(Page 159). He was told that Seth Khora Ramji, whose mines lay underneath Jharia, had chosen to live in his house, which also collapsed in subsidance(Page 160)''. "The politics of labour under late colonialism: workers, unions, and the state in Chota Nagpur, 1928–1939 by Dilip Simeon."</ref> The fire never stopped despite sincere efforts by mines department and railway authorities and in 1933 flaming crevasses lead to exodus of many residents.<ref name=xxx/> The [[1934 Nepal–Bihar earthquake]] led to further spread of fire and by 1938 the authorities had declared that there is raging fire beneath the town with 42 collieries out of 133 on fire.<ref>Searchlight, 24 January 1936.</ref>

In 1972, more than 70 mine fires were reported in this region. As of 2007, more than 400,000 people who reside in Jharia are living on land in danger of subsidence due to the fires, and according to Satya Pratap Singh, "Jharia township is on the brink of an ecological and human disaster".<ref>[http://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx?id=ab7c12d5-2837-4b87-804c-2649fd1a7413&MatchID1=4627&TeamID1=1&TeamID2=6&MatchType1=1&SeriesID1=1165&PrimaryID=4627&Headline='Declare+Jharia+fire+a+national+disaster' Hindustan Times, 15 December 2007]{{dead link|date=August 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> The government has been criticized for a perceived lackadaisical attitude<ref>[https://archive.today/20120908233321/http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V8C-4C4W52H-1&_user=10&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=5d2c09a9fa7df30fb2b5ded8c3002a7c The Jharia mine fire control technical assistance project: an analysis, April 2004]</ref> towards the safety of the people of Jharia.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060902180620/http://www.hindu.com/mag/2006/08/27/stories/2006082700070500.htm "Inside Coal Mine Fires", a documentary, 2005]</ref> Heavy fumes emitted by the fires<ref>[http://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2007AM/finalprogram/abstract_132434.htm ESTIMATION OF GAS EMISSIONS FROM SHALLOW SUBSURFACE COAL FIRES IN JHARIA COALFIELD]</ref> lead to severe health problems such as breathing disorders and skin diseases among the local population.<ref>[http://www.indiatogether.org/2006/nov/hlt-mining.htm In the line of fire, indiatogether.org]</ref>

===Fire in the PB Area===
There are 6 fire-affected sites in Pootkee Balihari Area. Of these two have been sealed and the fire in the remaining four are under control but requires action.<ref name=pbarea/>

==Subsidence==
In a study conducted for the identification of subsidence prone areas it has been found that there are 75 inhabited areas sitting on coal-bearing areas in the Pootkee Balihari Area. Out of these only one site is on wholly stable ground, 65 sites are wholly on subsidence prone area and the rest are on partly stable and partly subsidence prone area.<ref name=pbarea/>

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

{{Operational Areas of BCCL}}

[[Category:Coal mining operational areas in Jharkhand]]