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{{For|Poonch district administered by Pakistan|Poonch District, Pakistan}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Poonch district
| settlement_type = [[List of districts of Jammu and Kashmir|District]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
| total_type = Total
| native_name =
| image_skyline = A view of Mandi town from Western hills.jpg
| image_caption = View of Mandi Town in Poonch
| image_map = Jammu and Kashmir Poonch district.svg
| map_caption = Poonch district in Jammu and Kashmir
| coordinates =
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = {{nowrap|[[States and union territories of India|Union Territory]]}}
| subdivision_name1 = {{flagicon image|Government of Jammu and Kashmir.svg}} [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of India|Division]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Jammu Division]]
| established_title = Established
| established_date =
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Poonch (town)|Poonch]]
| parts_type = [[List of subdistricts in India|Tehsils]]<ref>https://poonch.nic.in/tehsil/</ref>
| parts_style = para
| p1 = 1. Balakote, 2. [[Haveli Tehsil|Haveli]], 3. [[Mandi Tehsil|Mandi]], 4. Mankote, 5. [[Mendhar Tehsil|Mendhar]], 6. [[Surankote Tehsil|Surankote]]
| area_total_km2 = 1,674
| area_footnotes =
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 476,835
| population_footnotes =
| population_urban = 8.1%
| population_density_km2 = auto
| elevation_footnotes = <ref>{{citation |url=https://poonch.nic.in/agriculture/ |title=Agriculture |work=District Administration, Poonch, Jammu and Kashmir. Developed and hosted by National Informatics Centre, Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology, Government of India |access-date=19 January 2021}}</ref>
| elevation_ft = 3300
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]<ref name="Poonch Census 2011">{{cite web|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/0105_PART_B_DCHB_PUNCH.pdf|title=Poonch Census 2011|work=Govt of India Census|accessdate=13 July 2021}}</ref>
| demographics1_info1 = 66.74%
| demographics1_title2 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]<ref name="Poonch Census 2011"/>
| demographics1_info2 = 893 [[female|♀]]/ 1000 [[male|♂]] 
| demographics_type2 = Languages
| demographics2_title1 = Official
| demographics2_info1 = [[Dogri language|Dogri]], [[English language|English]], [[Hindi]], [[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]], [[Urdu]]
| demographics2_footnotes = <ref name="OfficialLang">{{cite web |url=http://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2020/222037.pdf |title=The Jammu and Kashmir Official Languages Act, 2020 |publisher=The Gazette of India|date=27 September 2020 |access-date=27 September 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | title=Parliament passes JK Official Languages Bill, 2020 | work=Rising Kashmir | date=23 September 2020| url=http://risingkashmir.com/news/parliament-passes-jk-official-languages-bill-2020 | access-date=23 September 2020}}</ref>
| demographics2_title2 = Spoken
| demographics2_info2 = [[Gujari language|Gojri]], [[Pahari language|Pahari]], [[Hindi]], [[English language|English]], [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]
| leader_title = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha Constituency]]
| leader_name = [[Jammu (Lok Sabha constituency)|Jammu]]
| leader_title1 = [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|MP]]
| leader_name1 = {{nowrap|[[Jugal Kishore Sharma]], [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]<ref name="Jammu-Poonch MP">{{cite web|url=http://loksabhaph.nic.in/Members/MemberHomePage.aspx?mpsno=4720|title=Lok Sabha Members|work=Lok Sabha|accessdate=13 July 2021}}</ref>}}
| leader_title2 = [[Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name2 = [[List of constituencies of the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly|3 constituences]]
| leader_title3 = [[District magistrate|District Magistrate]]
| leader_name3 = Sh. Inder Jeet, JKAS
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
| registration_plate = JK-12
| blank_name_sec1 = [[Roads in India|Major highways]]
| blank_info_sec1 = {{flagicon image|NH144A-IN.svg}} [[National Highway 144A (India)|NH 144A]]
| blank_name_sec2 =
| blank_info_sec2 =
| website = {{url|poonch.nic.in}}
}}

'''Poonch''' or '''Punch''' ('''Prūntčh''' In [[Kashmiri language|Koshur]])is a [[District (India)|district]] in [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]], India. With headquarters the [[Poonch (town)|town of Poonch]], it is bounded by the [[Line of Control]] (boundary between Indian and [[Pakistan administered Kashmir]]) on three sides (north, west and south). The [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1947|1947-48 war]] between India and Pakistan divided [[History of Poonch District|the earlier district]] into two parts. One went to Pakistan and the other became part of the then Indian state of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]].

==Administration==
{{OSM Location map
| coord = {{coord|33.7|74.24}} 
| float = right
| zoom = 9
| width = 275
| height = 275
| caption = <center>Poonch district tehsils</center>
| nolabels = 1
| map-data = Q2983134

| mark-coord1 = {{coord|33.7670|74.0957}}
| mark1 = Red pog.svg
| mark-size1 = 10
| label1 = Poonch
| labela1 =
| labelb1 = (Haveli)
| label-size1 = 12
| label-color1 = hard red
| label-pos1 = top | label-offset-x1 = 0 | label-offset-y1 = 20
| mark-title1 = Poonch
| mark-image1 =
| mark-description1 = Haveli tehsil

| mark-coord2 = {{coord|33.7972|74.2551}}
| mark2 = Red pog.svg
| mark-size2 = 8
| label2 = Mandi
| label-size2 = 12
| label-color2 = hard red
| label-pos2 = right |label-offset-x2 = 0 |label-offset-y2 = 0
| mark-title2 = Mandi
| mark-image2 =
| mark-description2 = Mandi tehsil

| mark-coord3 = {{coord|33.640579|74.262051}}
| mark3 = Red pog.svg
| mark-size3 = 8
| label3 = Surankote
| label-size3 = 12
| label-color3 = hard red
| label-pos3 = top |label-offset-x3 = 0 |label-offset-y3 = 0
| mark-title3 = Surankote
| mark-image3 =
| mark-description3 = Surankote tehsil

| mark-coord4 = {{coord|33.604852|74.142988}}
| mark4 = Red pog.svg
| mark-size4 = 8
| label4 = Mendhar
| label-size4 = 12
| label-color4 = hard red
| label-pos4 = right |label-offset-x4 = 0 |label-offset-y4 = 0
| mark-title4 = Mendhar
| mark-image4 =
| mark-description4 = Mendhar tehsil

| mark-coord5 = {{coord|33.594368|74.097104}}
| mark5 = Red pog.svg
| mark-size5 = 8
| label5 = Mankote
| label-size5 = 12
| label-color5 = hard red
| label-pos5 = left |label-offset-x5 = 0 |label-offset-y5 = 0
| mark-title5 = Mankote
| mark-image5 =
| mark-description5 = Mankote tehsil

| mark-coord6 = {{coord|33.501455|74.180174}}
| mark6 = Red pog.svg
| mark-size6 = 8
| label6 = Bala Kote
| label-size6 = 12
| label-color6 = hard red
| label-pos6 = right |label-offset-x6 = 0 |label-offset-y6 = 0
| mark-title6 = Bala Kote
| mark-image6=
| mark-description6= Bala Kote tehsil
}}

The district headquarters is in the [[Poonch (town)|Poonch]] city. Mr Inder Jeet is the current District Magistrate. Presently, district Poonch in Jammu and Kashmir is divided into six [[List of subdistricts in India|tehsils]]:
* [[Haveli Tehsil]]
* [[Mandi Tehsil]]
* [[Mendhar Tehsil]]
* [[Surankote Tehsil]]
* [[Mankote]] Tehsil
* [[Balakote]] Tehsil

Each tehsil has its [[Tehsildar]], who is the administrative head. The district is further divided into eleven. blocks: Poonch, Mandi, Loran Sathra Mendhar, Mankote Balakote, Surankote and Buffliaz.<ref>[http://jkrd.nic.in/listAllDistricts.pdf Statement showing the number of blocks in respect of 22 Districts of Jammu and Kashmir State including newly Created Districts] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080910092544/http://jkrd.nic.in/listAllDistricts.pdf |date=2008-09-10 }} dated 2008-03-13, accessed 2008-08-30</ref> The administrative head of each block is the Block Development Officer (BDO). Each block consists of a number of [[panchayat]]s. Recently added One Sub Division(Surnkote), other is Mendhar. Poonch district has a total of 179 villages.

==Geography==
Poonch district has a total area of {{convert|1674|sqkm}}. The district is bordered by [[Kulgam district]], [[Shopian district]] and [[Budgam district]] in the east, [[Rajouri district]] to the south and [[Baramulla district]] and [[Haveli District|Haveli district, Pakistan administered Jammu and Kashmir]] to the north and [[Poonch District, Pakistan|Poonch district, Pakistan administered Jammu and Kashmir]] to the west.

==Economy==
In 2006 the [[Ministry of Panchayati Raj]] named Poonch one of the country's 250 [[Poverty in India|most backward districts]] (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=brgf/> It is one of the three districts in Jammu and Kashmir currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).<ref name=brgf>{{cite web|author=Ministry of Panchayati Raj|date=8 September 2009|title=A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme|publisher=National Institute of Rural Development|url=http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf|access-date=27 September 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405033402/http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf|archive-date=5 April 2012}}</ref>

==Politics==
Poonch district has 3 assembly constituencies: [[Surankote]], [[Mendhar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Mendhar]] and [[Poonch Haveli (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Poonch Haveli]]. On 19 November 2018, the assembly was dissolved by Governor [[Satya Pal Malik]]. The former MLA of Poonch Haveli is Shah Mohammed Tantray of [[Jammu & Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party|JKPDP]], Mohammed Akram of [[Indian National Congress]] represented the Surankote constituency and Mendhar was represented by Javid Rana of [[Jammu & Kashmir National Conference]]. Poonch district comes in [[Jammu (Lok Sabha constituency)|Jammu-Poonch Lok Sabha constituency]]. The present [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|MP]] of Jammu–Poonch constituency is [[Jugal Kishore Sharma]] of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]].<ref name="Jammu-Poonch MP"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://ceojammukashmir.nic.in/ERos_AERos.html| title=ERO's and AERO's|publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Jammu and Kashmir|access-date=2008-08-28|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081022185235/http://ceojammukashmir.nic.in/eros_aeros.html|archive-date=2008-10-22}}</ref>

==Demographics==
{{Bar box
|title=Religion in Poonch district (2011)<ref name="census2011-C01"/>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{Bar percent|[[Islam]]|#009000|90.45}}
{{Bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|darkorange|6.84}}
{{Bar percent|[[Sikhism]]|darkkhaki|2.35}}
{{Bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.36}}
}}

{{Pie chart
|thumb = left
| caption= Languages of Poonch district (2011)<ref name="census2011-C16">{{cite report |title=C-16 Population By Mother Tongue – Jammu & Kashmir |url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-0100.XLSX |publisher = Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India |access-date=18 July 2020}}</ref>
|label1 = [[Pahari-Pothwari|Pahari]] |value1 = 50.21 |color1 = pink
|label2 = [[Gujari language|Gojri]] |value2 = 40.39 |color2 = tomato
|label3 = [[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]] |value3 = 5.37 |color3 = lightgreen
|label4 = [[Hindi]] |value4 = 1.86 |color4 = yellow
|label5 = Others |value5 = 2.17 |color5 = grey
}}

According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Poonch district, India has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 476,835,<ref name="census2011-C01"/> roughly equal to the nation of [[Suriname]].<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 2011-10-01 | quote = Suriname 491,989 July 2011 est.
}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 548th in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]). The district has a population density of {{convert| 285 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}. Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 27.97%. Poonch has a [[sex ratio]] of 893 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males (which varies with religion),<ref name="census2011-C01"/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 68.69%. The district is 90.45% Muslim.<ref name="census2011-C01"/>

{{bar box
|title=Sex Ratio in Poonch District in 2011 Census.<ref name="census2011-C01"/><br>(no. females per 1,000 males)
|float=left
|width=360px
|left1=Religion (and population)
|right1=Sex Ratio
|bars=
{{bar pixel|Muslim (pop 431,279)|green|95.471||955 }}
{{bar pixel|Hindu (pop 32,604)|orange|37.663||377 }}
{{bar pixel|Sikh (pop 11,188)|yellow|72.203||722 }}
{{bar pixel|Other (pop 1,764)|grey|63.031||630 }}
{{bar pixel|Total (pop 476,835)|black|89.296||893 }}
}}

{|class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|-
! colspan=10 | Poonch district: religion, gender ratio, and % urban of population, according to the 2011 Census.<ref name="census2011-C01">{{cite report |title=C-1 Population By Religious Community – Jammu & Kashmir |url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW01C-01%20MDDS.XLS |publisher = Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India |access-date=28 July 2020}}</ref>
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
!|
!| Hindu
!| Muslim
!| Christian
!| Sikh
!| Buddhist
!| Jain
!| Other
!| Not stated
!| Total
|- style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;"
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:left;" | Total
|| 32,604 || 431,279 || 958 || 11,188 || 83 || 10 || 2 || 711 || 476,835
|- style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;"
|| 6.84% || 90.45% || 0.20% || 2.35% || 0.02% || 0.00% || 0.00% || 0.15% || 100.00%
|-
| colspan=10|
|- style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;"
| style="text-align:left;" | Male
|| 23,684 || 220,636 || 614 || 6,497 || 76 || 5 || 1 || 386 || 251,899
|- style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;"
| style="text-align:left;" | Female
|| 8,920 || 210,643 || 344 || 4,691 || 7 || 5 || 1 || 325 || 224,936
|- style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;"
| style="text-align:left;" | Gender ratio (% female)
|| 27.4% || 48.8% || 35.9% || 41.9% || 8.4% || 50.0% || 50.0% || 45.7% || 47.2%
|- style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"
| style="text-align:left;"| Sex ratio <br /><small>(no. of females per 1,000 males)</small>
|| 377 || 955 || 560 || 722 || – || – || – || 842 || 893
|-
| colspan=10|
|- style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;"
| style="text-align:left;" | Urban
|| 12,677 || 19,848 || 371 || 5,647 || 8 || 3 || 0 || 76 || 38,630
|- style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;"
| style="text-align:left;" | Rural
|| 19,927 || 411,431 || 587 || 5,541 || 75 || 7 || 2 || 635 || 438,205
|- style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;"
| style="text-align:left;" | % Urban
|| 38.9% || 4.6% || 38.7% || 50.5% || 9.6% || 30.0% || 0.0% || 10.7% || 8.1%
|-
|}

Resident ethnicities include [[Gujjar]]s, [[Bakerwal]]s, [[Jatts]] , [[Mughals]], [[Syed]],[[Punjabi people|Punjabi]]s, [[Pahari people (Kashmir)|Pahari Speaking People]], [[Kashmiri people|Kashmiris]] and [[Rajput]]s. Gujjars mostly reside on the slopes of mountains. The inhabitants typically cultivate small plots of land, and own some cattle. Gujjars and Bakerwals (nomadic tribes) speak [[Gojri]], apart from Kashmiris the rest of the population speak [[Pahari-Pothwari]], Poonchi, Kaghani besides [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] and only a minuscule population may be speaking [[Dogri]].<ref name="ethno-dgo">{{cite web|title=Dogri|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/18/language/dgo/index.html|website=Ethnologue|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Baba|first1=Yasar Muhammad|title=My land my people: Kashmir in perspective|date=2007|publisher=Gulshan Books|page=85|isbn=9788183390705|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X4UMAQAAMAAJ|language=en}}</ref>

{{Clear|left}}

=== Religion ===
{{As of|2011|the 2011 census}}, the proportions of different religions in the district were as follows: Islam (90.45%), Hinduism (6.84%), Sikhism (2.35%), Christianity (0.20%), not stated (0.15%), and others (0.02%).<ref name="census2011-C01"/>

Only 8.1% of the district's population lived in urban areas. The proportions of religions in urban areas differed from the district as a whole, being: Islam (51.38%), Hinduism (32.82%), Sikhism (14.62%), Christianity (0.96%), not stated (0.20%), and others (0.03%).<ref name="census2011-C01"/>

==Transportation==
===Air===
The [[Poonch Airport]] is a non-operational airstrip located in Poonch which is mainly used by the Indian Army. The nearest airport is [[Sheikh ul-Alam International Airport]] in [[Srinagar]] which is located around 180 kilometres from Poonch town.

===Rail===
There is no railway connectivity to Poonch yet. There are plans to build the [[Jammu–Poonch line]] in the near future to connect [[Poonch (town)|Poonch]] with [[Jammu]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dailyexcelsior.com/start-work-on-jammu-poonch-rail-link-ashok-sharma/|title=Start work on Jammu-Poonch rail link|work=Daily Excelsior|accessdate=13 June 2021}}</ref> The nearest major railway station is [[Jammu Tawi railway station]] which is located 235 kilometres from district headquarters Poonch.

===Road===
Poonch district is connected to the summer capital [[Jammu]] by the [[National Highway 144A (India)|NH 144A]] alongside other intra-district roads. It also has road connectivity with [[Srinagar]] through the picturesque [[Mughal Road]]. There are plans to upgrade the existing NH 144A to four-lane for faster movement of traffic.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amarujala.com/jammu/jammu-kashmir-soon-akhnoor-poonch-highway-will-become-four-lane-people-will-get-relief|title=Akhnoor-Poonch national highway to be four-lane soon|work=Amar Ujala|accessdate=2 April 2021}}</ref> A bus across the LOC, the [[Poonch (town)|Poonch]]–[[Rawalakot]] bus has helped to re-establish ties across the border.

== Gallery ==
<gallery>
Image:Poonch1.jpg
Image:Poonch2.jpg
Image:Poonch3.jpg
Image:Poonch4.jpg
Image:Poonch5.jpg
</gallery>

== See also ==
* [[1947 Poonch Rebellion]]
* [[1963 Poonch Indian Air Force helicopter crash]]
* [[Moghul road]]
* [[Pir Panjal]]
* [[Poonch Division]] (Pakistan)

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://poonch.nic.in/ Official website of District Poonch]
* [http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/0105_PART_B_DCHB_PUNCH.pdf 2011 District Census Handbook]

{{Jammu and Kashmir topics}}
{{Poonch district, India}}
{{Geographic location
|Centre = Poonch district
|North = [[Baramula district]]
|Northeast = [[Budgam district]]
|East =
|Southeast = [[Kulgam district]]
|South = [[Rajouri district]]
|Southwest =
|West = ''[[Kashmir conflict|Disputed region]]''
|Northwest =
}}
{{Authority control}}

{{coord|33.77|N|74.1|E|display=inline,title}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Poonch District}}
[[Category:Poonch district, India| ]]
[[Category:Districts of Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:Minority Concentrated Districts in India]]

Poonch district, India - Revision history

imported>Lions Count12: Removed unnecessary information