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	== Name ==		== Name ==
	According to [[Georg Bühler]],<ref name=Bühler/> the ancient form of the word Tohi is Taushi mentioned in the [[Rajatarangini\|Rājataraṅgiṇī]] and the [[Nilamata Purana\|Nīlamata Purāṇa]]. In the latter work, Āpagā (Aik Nala of [[Sialkot]]), ~~[[Poonch River\|~~Tauśī]] and [[Chenab River\|Candrabhāgā]] are named together. Probably, the word is connected with the [[Sanskrit]] ''tuṣāra'', 'cold', i.e. 'snow'.		According to [[Georg Bühler]],<ref name=Bühler/> the ancient form of the word Tohi is Taushi mentioned in the [[Rajatarangini\|Rājataraṅgiṇī]] and the [[Nilamata Purana\|Nīlamata Purāṇa]]. In the latter work, Āpagā (Aik Nala of [[Sialkot]]), Tauśī and [[Chenab River\|Candrabhāgā]] are named together. Probably, the word is connected with the [[Sanskrit]] ''tuṣāra'', 'cold', i.e. 'snow'.

	== Course ==		== Course ==
	The river originates in the south-facing foothills of [[Pir Panjal]] range, in the areas of Neel-Kanth Gali and Jamian Gali. It is called 'Siran' (Suran) in this area. It flows south and then west until it reaches the town of [[Poonch (town)\|Poonch]], after which it bends southwest, finally draining into the [[Mangla Dam\|Mangla Reservoir]] near Chomukh. The towns of [[Poonch (town)\|Poonch]], Sehra, [[Tatta Pani]], [[Kotli]] and [[Mirpur, Pakistan\|Mirpur]] are situated on the banks of this river.<ref name="Negi1991">{{citation\|last=Negi\|first=Sharad Singh\|title=Himalayan Rivers, Lakes, and Glaciers\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5YtUShKY8zcC&pg=PA111\|year=1991\|publisher=Indus Publishing\|isbn=978-81-85182-61-2\|p=111}}</ref>		The river originates in the south-facing foothills of [[Pir Panjal]] range, in the areas of Neel-Kanth Gali and Jamian Gali. It is called 'Siran' (Suran) in this area. It flows south and then west until it reaches the town of [[Poonch (town)\|Poonch]], after which it bends southwest, finally draining into the [[Mangla Dam\|Mangla Reservoir]] near Chomukh. The towns of [[Poonch (town)\|Poonch]], Sehra, [[Tatta Pani]], [[Kotli]] and [[Mirpur, Pakistan\|Mirpur]] are situated on the banks of this river.<ref name="Negi1991">{{citation\|last=Negi\|first=Sharad Singh\|title=Himalayan Rivers, Lakes, and Glaciers\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5YtUShKY8zcC&pg=PA111\|year=1991\|publisher=Indus Publishing\|isbn=978-81-85182-61-2\|page=111}}</ref>

	== Tributaries ==		== Tributaries ==
	[[Frederic Drew]] wrote of the Poonch river in 1875:		[[Frederic Drew]] wrote of the Poonch river in 1875:
	{{~~quote~~\|it drains a large area of mountain country, collecting a number of streams that rise in the lofty Panjäl Range; indeed it combines all those which spring from that part of the Range north or north-west of the branching off of the Ratan ridge. It drains also a considerable area occupied by the mountains of intermediate height, and no small space of the lower, outer, hills.<ref>{{citation \|last=Drew \|first=Frederic \|title=The Jummoo and Kashmir Territories: A Geographical Account \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0GIOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA38 \|year=1875 \|publisher=E. Stanford \|p=38}}</ref>}}		{{blockquote\|it drains a large area of mountain country, collecting a number of streams that rise in the lofty Panjäl Range; indeed it combines all those which spring from that part of the Range north or north-west of the branching off of the Ratan ridge. It drains also a considerable area occupied by the mountains of intermediate height, and no small space of the lower, outer, hills.<ref>{{citation \|last=Drew \|first=Frederic \|title=The Jummoo and Kashmir Territories: A Geographical Account \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0GIOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA38 \|year=1875 \|publisher=E. Stanford \|page=38}}</ref>}}

	The prominent tributaries of the river are:		The prominent tributaries of the river are:
Line 49:		Line 49:
	* '''Mandi''' ({{coord\|33.7409\|74.1869}}),		* '''Mandi''' ({{coord\|33.7409\|74.1869}}),
	* Nimbal Katha ({{coord\|33.7560\|74.1432}}),		* Nimbal Katha ({{coord\|33.7560\|74.1432}}),
	* Darungli ({{coord\|33.7613\|74.1319}}) ,		* Darungli ({{coord\|33.7613\|74.1319}}),
	* '''Betaar''' ({{coord\|33.761\|74.0777}}),		* '''Betaar''' ({{coord\|33.761\|74.0777}}),
	* Ranguri ({{coord\|33.7548\|74.0357}}),		* Ranguri ({{coord\|33.7548\|74.0357}}),

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{{short description|River in India and Pakistan}}
{{EngvarB|date=April 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}
{{Infobox river
| name = Poonch River
| image = RiverPoonchTN.jpg
| image_size = 260px
| image_caption = Poonch River
| map =
| map_size =
| map_alt =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map = Kashmir
| pushpin_map_caption=
| pushpin_map_relief=
| source1 =
| source1_location = [[Poonch district, India|Poonch district]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]], [[India]]
| source1_elevation =
| source1_coordinates= {{coord|33.64511|74.43532}}
| mouth_location = [[Mangla Dam|Mangla Reservoir]], [[Kotli District]], [[Azad Jammu and Kashmir]], [[Pakistan]]
| mouth_coordinates = {{Coord|33.2896|73.7414|display=inline,title}}
| mouth_elevation =
| tributaries_left =
| tributaries_right =
| waterbodies =
| subdivision_type1 = Countries
| subdivision_name1 = [[India]], [[Pakistan]]
| subdivision_type2 = Provinces
| subdivision_name2 = [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]], [[Azad Jammu and Kashmir]]
| length =
| discharge1_avg =
| basin_size =
| basin_landmarks =
}}
The '''Poonch River''' (also known as '''Punch River''', '''Punch Tohi''', '''Tohi of Punch'''<ref>{{citation |last=Hasan |first=Mohibbul |title=Kashmir under the Sultans |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EUlwmXjE9DQC&pg=PA43 |year=1959 |publisher=Aakar Books |isbn=978-81-87879-49-7 |pages=23–24}}</ref>{{efn|The older forms of "Punch" include "Prunts", "Pulast" and "Parnotsa".}}) is a tributary of the [[Jhelum River]] that flows through [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]] in [[India]], and [[Azad Jammu and Kashmir]] in [[Pakistan]].

== Name ==
According to [[Georg Bühler]],<ref name=Bühler/> the ancient form of the word Tohi is Taushi mentioned in the [[Rajatarangini|Rājataraṅgiṇī]] and the [[Nilamata Purana|Nīlamata Purāṇa]]. In the latter work, Āpagā (Aik Nala of [[Sialkot]]), [[Poonch River|Tauśī]] and [[Chenab River|Candrabhāgā]] are named together. Probably, the word is connected with the [[Sanskrit]] ''tuṣāra'', 'cold', i.e. 'snow'.

== Course ==
The river originates in the south-facing foothills of [[Pir Panjal]] range, in the areas of Neel-Kanth Gali and Jamian Gali. It is called 'Siran' (Suran) in this area. It flows south and then west until it reaches the town of [[Poonch (town)|Poonch]], after which it bends southwest, finally draining into the [[Mangla Dam|Mangla Reservoir]] near Chomukh. The towns of [[Poonch (town)|Poonch]], Sehra, [[Tatta Pani]], [[Kotli]] and [[Mirpur, Pakistan|Mirpur]] are situated on the banks of this river.<ref name="Negi1991">{{citation|last=Negi|first=Sharad Singh|title=Himalayan Rivers, Lakes, and Glaciers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5YtUShKY8zcC&pg=PA111|year=1991|publisher=Indus Publishing|isbn=978-81-85182-61-2|p=111}}</ref>

== Tributaries ==
[[Frederic Drew]] wrote of the Poonch river in 1875:
{{quote|it drains a large area of mountain country, collecting a number of streams that rise in the lofty Panjäl Range; indeed it combines all those which spring from that part of the Range north or north-west of the branching off of the Ratan ridge. It drains also a considerable area occupied by the mountains of intermediate height, and no small space of the lower, outer, hills.<ref>{{citation |last=Drew |first=Frederic |title=The Jummoo and Kashmir Territories: A Geographical Account |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0GIOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA38 |year=1875 |publisher=E. Stanford |p=38}}</ref>}}

The prominent tributaries of the river are:
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* '''Mandi''' ({{coord|33.7409|74.1869}}),
* Nimbal Katha ({{coord|33.7560|74.1432}}),
* Darungli ({{coord|33.7613|74.1319}}) ,
* '''Betaar''' ({{coord|33.761|74.0777}}),
* Ranguri ({{coord|33.7548|74.0357}}),
* Rangar ({{coord|33.7238|73.9526}}),
* '''Menthar''' ({{coord|33.6558|73.9714}}),
* Nail ({{coord|33.5354|73.9155}}),
* Baan ({{coord|33.5021|73.8774}}),
* Mahuli ({{coord|33.4233|73.8506}}), and
* Khad ({{coord|33.3492|73.7621}}).
{{div col end}}

The Betaar Nala, which originates in the Azad Kashmir's [[Haveli District]] and flows southwest to join the Poonch river near the [[Poonch (town)|Poonch town]], is sometimes called the 'Punch River'. (The upstream part of Poonch river is then called the Suran river.)

== Environment ==
The [[Mughal Road]] from [[Shopian]] circles around the origin of the Poonch River and runs along its banks.

The Parnai hydropower project, under construction near Bafliaz in India's Poonch district, is expected to generate 37.5 Mega Watt power and also irrigate vast tracts of agricultural land in the district. The project was set for completion in 2017–18 but is delayed.<ref>[https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/parnai-hep-project-set-for-completion-by-2017-jk-govt-115081701033_1.html Parnai HEP project set for completion by 2017: JK govt], ''Business Standard'', 17 August 2015.</ref><ref>[https://www.dailyexcelsior.com/fate-of-power-projects/ Fate of power projects], ''Daily Excelsior'', 10 April 2018.</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=https://cdm.unfccc.int/Projects/Validation/DB/ZW9K1YNU3RHJDYS6LUTBP3YXR3PUNK/view.html | title=PDD for Parnai hydropower project |access-date=28 January 2019}}</ref>

The 100 MW [[Gulpur Hydropower Project]] is located on this river in Azad Jammu and Kashmir.

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em
<ref name=Bühler>{{citation | url = https://archive.org/details/buehler-detailed-report-sanskrit-mss/page/3/mode/1up | title = Detailed Report of a Tour in Search of Sanskrit Mss. made in Kasmir, Rajputana, and Central India | author = Georg Bühler | authorlink = Georg Bühler|date = 1877 | publisher = Bombay: Society's Library, Town Hall. London: Trübner & Co. | page = 3}}</ref>
}}

== External links ==
* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/12209970 Poonch River marked on OpenStreetMap], retrieved 19 January 2021.

{{Hydrography of Jammu and Kashmir|state=collapsed}}
{{Waters of Pakistan|state=collapsed}}



[[Category:Rivers of Azad Kashmir]]
[[Category:Rivers of Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:Poonch District, Pakistan]]
[[Category:Rivers of Pakistan]]
[[Category:Rivers of India]]

Poonch River - Revision history

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