imported>Challiyan at 16:17, 4 August 2021

2021-08-04T16:17:57Z

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{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2019}}
{{Infobox dam
| name = Ponmudi Dam
| image = Ponmudy004.jpg
| image_caption = Ponmudi Dam and Reservoir
| name_official =
| dam_crosses = Panniar River
| res_name =
| location = [[Idukki]], Kerala, India
| operator = Kerala State Electricity Board, [[Government of Kerala]]
| dam_length = {{Convert|294| m}}
| dam_height = {{Convert|59|m}}
| dam_width_base =
| construction_began =
| opening = 1963
| cost =
| res_capacity_total = {{Convert|51540000|m3}}
| res_catchment =
| res_surface = {{Convert|278.9|ha}}
| plant_turbines = 2x16 MW
| plant_capacity = 32 MW
| plant_annual_gen =
| coordinates = {{coord|9|57|1|N|77|3|37|E|type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| location_map = India#India Kerala#India Tamil Nadu
| extra =
| website =
}}
The ponmudi dam is a concrete gravity dam built across the Panniyar river which is a tributary of Periyar River at Konnathadi panchayath of Konnathadi village in Idukki district of Kerala, India. The dam was constructed in 1963 as a part of a hydroelectric project. It has a length of {{Convert|294|m}} and a length of {{Convert|288.80|m}}.<ref>{{Cite web|title=PONMUDI DAM – KSEB Limted Dam Safety Organisation|url=https://dams.kseb.in/?p=144|access-date=2021-08-04|language=en-US}}</ref> The hydropower component of the dam has an installed capacity of 30 MW with firm power of 17 MW, generating 158 GWh annually.<ref name=Hydro>{{Cite web|url=http://india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Ponmudi_(Eb)_D03300|title=Ponmudi (Eb) D03300|publisher=Government of India}}</ref> Taluks through which the river flow are [[Udumbanchola|Udumpanchola]], [[Devikulam taluk|Devikulam]], [[Kothamangalam]], [[Muvattupuzha Taluk|Muvattupuzha]], [[Kunnathunad|Kunnathunadu]], [[Aluva]], [[Kodungallur|Kodungalloor]] and [[Paravur Taluk|Paravur]].

==Location==
The dam, located near [[Munnar]] on the Panniar River in the Periyar River valley in Kerala, is part of the basin of the West flowing rivers of the Tadri to Kanyakumari. The nearest city is [[Udumbanchola]].<ref name=Hydro/><ref name=info>{{Cite web|url=http://idukki.nic.in/geography.htm|title= Geography|publisher=National Information Centre}}</ref> [[Mattupetty]] to Ponmudi Dam is a distance of {{Convert|39|km}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.distancemonk.com/mattupetty-to-ponmudi-dam/a2408d80a32677b7/|title=Mattupetty to Ponmudi Dam|publisher=Distancemonk.com}}</ref>

==Features==
The Ponmudi Dam is a masonry gravity dam of {{Convert|59|m}} height with a total length of {{Convert|294|m}}. At the Full Reservoir Level, the gross storage capacity of the reservoir is {{Convert|51540000|m3}} and live storage is {{Convert|47400000|m3}}. The dam has a total volumetric content of {{Convert|181000|m3}}. The dam is located in Seismic Zone-III. The reservoir water spread area or submergence area is {{Convert|2.79|m2}}. The spillway is designed for a design discharge of {{Convert|1416.03|m3}} per second. The flood discharge is routed through a spillway which is fitted with three radial gates, each {{Convert|10.9728|x|6.4008|m}}.<ref name=Hydro/><ref name=Valve>{{Cite web|url=http://www.keralapwd.gov.in/getPage.php?page=maps&pageId=248|title=Indentifiers for Hydro: Panniyar Hydroelectric Power Plant India|publisher=Government of Kerala|access-date=24 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101201055331/http://www.keralapwd.gov.in/getPage.php?page=maps&pageId=248|archive-date=1 December 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=Basin>{{Cite web|url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/6250/4/04_chapter%201.pdf|title=Table 1.1 Important Reservoirs on the Periyar and Chakkodi River basins|publisher= Shodhganga INFLIBNET Centre}}</ref> The stored water is diverted through a tunnel of {{Convert|3066|m}} for power generation creating a head of {{Convert|220|m}}.<ref name=Valve/><ref name="(India)Menon1975">{{cite book|author1=Kerala (India)|author2=A. Sreedhara Menon|title=Kerala District Gazetteers: Quilon|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=88G1AAAAIAAJ|year=1975|page=181|publisher=Superintendent of Government Presses}}</ref>

==Hydro power development==
[[File:Ponmudi dam.jpg|thumb|left|250px|Ponmudi Dam in summer]]
The water stored in the reservoir is utilized for power generation by diverting the flows through a {{Convert|3066|m|adj=on}} tunnel<ref>{{cite book|title=Irrigation & Power: The Journal of the Central Board of Irrigation & Power|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_eM3AQAAIAAJ|year=1962|publisher=The Board}}</ref> followed by two lines of [[penstock]] pipes each with a diameter of {{Convert|1.7| m}} and a length of {{Convert|762|m}}. The two penstock pipe lines are designed to carry a discharge of {{Convert|17.88|m3}} per second. The power station located at Panniyar is provided with installation of 30 MW comprising two units, each of 15 MW capacity Francis turbines. The firm power generation is 17 MW and the annual power generated is 158 GWh. The first unit was commissioned on 29 December 1963 and the second unit on 26 January 1964. The units were renovated in 2001 and 2003.<ref name=Valve/><ref name=power>{{Cite web|url=http://india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Panniyar_Power_House_PH01241|title=Panniyar Power House PH01241|publisher=Government of India}}</ref>

==Major disaster==
In a major disaster at the project site, which occurred 17 September 2007, one of the penstock valves burst causing the death of 7 people, destroying 15 houses, and damaging {{Convert|150|acre}} of crops. The reason attributed to the pipe burst is the loosening of the flange bolt connection. The damaged valve was rectified in July 2009.<ref name=Valve/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://napm-india.org/sites/default/files/Death%20by%20Dams.pdf|title=Major Accidents In India Due To Negligence In Dam Safety / 1979 – 2014|publisher=NAPM – National Alliance of People's Movements|access-date=24 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150524180239/http://napm-india.org/sites/default/files/Death%20by%20Dams.pdf|archive-date=24 May 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=disaster>{{Cite news|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2007/sep/18pipe.htm|title=Idukki dam pipe burst: Toll rises to 4|date=18 September 2007 |work=Rediff.com}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}

{{Tourism in Kerala}}
{{Dams in Kerala}}

[[Category:Dams in Idukki district]]
[[Category:Dams completed in 1963]]
[[Category:1963 establishments in Kerala]]

Ponmudi Dam - Revision history

imported>Challiyan at 16:17, 4 August 2021