https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Polonnaruwa_periodPolonnaruwa period - Revision history2026-11-08T14:52:44ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.43.6https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Polonnaruwa_period&diff=467397&oldid=prevOnitaCrespo4 at 10:28, 27 July 20252025-07-27T10:28:35Z<p></p>
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<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Main|History of Sri Lanka|Kingdom of Polonnaruwa}}<br />
{{Infobox historical era<br />
| name = Polonnaruwa period<br />
| start = 1017<br />
| end = 1232<br />
| image = File:Relief of Parakramabahu in Polonnaruwa.jpg<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = [[Statue of Parakramabahu I]]<br />
| before = [[Anuradhapura period]]<br />
| including = {{Plainlist|<br />
* [[Chola rule in Sri Lanka|Chola conquest]]<br />
* [[Kingdom of Polonnaruwa]]}}<br />
| after = [[Transitional period of Sri Lanka|Transitional period]]<br />
| monarch = {{Plainlist|<br />
* [[House of Vijayabahu]]<br />
* [[House of Kalinga]]<br />
* [[Lokissara]]<br />
* [[Parakrama Pandyan II]]<br />
* [[Kalinga Magha]]}}<br />
| leaders = <br />
}}<br />
{{History of Sri Lanka}}<br />
<br />
The '''Polonnaruwa period''' was a period in the history of [[Sri Lanka]] from 1017, after the [[Chola conquest of Anuradhapura]] and when the center of administration was moved to [[Polonnaruwa]], to the end of the [[Kingdom of Polonnaruwa]] in 1232.<br />
<br />
The [[Kingdom of Polonnaruwa]] was the second major [[Sinhalese people|Sinhalese]] kingdom of Sri Lanka. It lasted from 1055 under [[Vijayabahu I]] until 1212 under the rule of [[Lilavati of Sri Lanka|Lilavati]]. The Kingdom of Polonnaruwa came after the [[Anuradhapura Kingdom]], which was invaded by [[Chola]] forces under [[Rajaraja I]]. It also followed the [[Kingdom of Ruhuna]], in which the Sinhalese Kings ruled during Chola occupation.<br />
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==Overview==<br />
Periodization of Sri Lanka history:<br />
{{Smalldiv|{{Sri Lankan history overview}}}}<br />
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==Political history==<br />
===Chola conquest (1017–1056)===<br />
The Chola conquest began with the invasion in 993 AD, when [[Raja Raja Chola]] sent a large Chola army which conquered the [[Anuradhapura Kingdom]], in the north, and added it to the [[Chola Empire]]. Most of the island was subsequently conquered and incorporated as a province of the vast [[Rajendra Chola I#Overseas conquests|Chola empire]] during the reign of his son [[Rajendra Chola]].<ref name="Chattopadhyaya">[[#Chattopadhyaya|Chattopadhyaya]], pp 7–9</ref><ref name="Indian History with Objective Questions and Historical Maps Twenty-Sixth Edition 2010, South India page 59">''Indian History with Objective Questions and Historical Maps Twenty-Sixth Edition 2010, South India page 59''</ref><ref name="KulkeKesavapany2009">{{cite book|editor-last1=Kulke |editor-first1=Hermann |editor-last2=Kesavapany |editor-first2=K. |editor-last3=Sakhuja |editor-first3=Vijay |title=Nagapattinam to Suvarnadwipa: Reflections on the Chola Naval Expeditions to Southeast Asia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2swhCXJVRzwC&pg=PA195|year=2009|location=Singapore|publisher=Institute of Southeast Asian Studies|isbn=978-981-230-937-2|pages=195–}}</ref><ref name="Gunawardena2005">{{cite book|author=Charles A. Gunawardena|title=Encyclopedia of Sri Lanka|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hWLQSMPddikC&pg=PA71|year=2005|publisher=Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd|isbn=978-1-932705-48-5|pages=71–}}</ref><br />
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===Kingdom of Polonnaruwa (1056–1232)===<br />
[[Vijayabahu I of Sri Lanka|Vijayabahu I]] (1055–1110), recaptured the whole Island and established [[Polonnaruwa]] as the new capital. King Vijayabahu married a second queen from the [[Kalinga (province)|Kalinga]] ([[Orissa, India|Orissa]]) Royal Family, and had a son, [[Vikramabâhu I of Sri Lanka|Vikramabâhu I]], and a daughter, [[Ratnavali]]. His sister, [[Mitta of Sri Lanka|Mitta]], married a [[Pandya]] Prince who had three sons. His eldest son, Manabharana, married Ratnavali. Their son was [[Parākramabāhu I of Sri Lanka|Parākramabāhu I]] (1153–1186) Grandson of Vijayabahu I, Prince of [[Sinhalese people|Sinhalese]]-[[Pandyan]]-[[Kalinga (historical region)|Kalinga]] descent, son of Manabharana and Vijayabahu's sister, Mitta. He was a very powerful king who was noted for his engineering,<ref>Broheir, R. L. (1937) ''Ancient Irrigation Works in Ceylon''. 3 vols.</ref> naval power, art, culture, Sinhala inscriptions, and even a Tamil edict in Uruthota ([[Kayts]]). The [[Chulavamsa]] was written by Dharmakirthi, updating the [[Mahavamsa]] to include Parakramabahu.<br />
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==See also==<br />
* [[Mahavamsa]]<br />
* [[Architecture of ancient Sri Lanka]]<br />
* [[Sinhala Kingdom]]<br />
* [[List of Sinhalese monarchs]]<br />
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==References==<br />
{{Reflist|30em}}<br />
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{{Polonnaruwa period topics}}<br />
{{Sri Lanka topics}}<br />
{{History of Asia}}<br />
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[[Category:Polonnaruwa period]]<br />
[[Category:Ancient Sri Lanka]]<br />
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{{SriLanka-stub}}</div>Wikkythug