73.74.82.128 at 17:06, 4 May 2022

2022-05-04T17:06:02Z

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{{Short description|Cooperation between different political parties within a parliament to further a common goal}}
{{See also|Umbrella organization|alliance|coalition}}
{{one source|date=September 2020}}
{{politics}}

In [[politics]], a '''political alliance''', also known as a '''coalition''' or '''bloc''', is cooperation by members of different [[political party|political parties]] on a common [[Political agenda|agenda]] of some kind. This usually involves formal agreements between two or more entire parties. An alliance is usually especially beneficial to the parties concerned during and immediately after [[election]]s – due to characteristics of the [[electoral system]]s concerned (e.g. allowing each party to clear [[electoral threshold]]s) and/or allowing parties to participate in [[government formation|formation of a government]] after elections. These may break up quickly, or hold together for decades becoming the ''[[de facto]]'' norm, operating almost as a single unit. Alliances may also form prior to elections in an effort to reduce uncertainty following the election.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Bergman|first=Matthew Edward|date=4 May 2020|title=Sorting between and within coalitions: the Italian case (2001–2008)|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/italian-political-science-review-rivista-italiana-di-scienza-politica/article/sorting-between-and-within-coalitions-the-italian-case-20012008/B83504E4244CDC09ACF5322E481810B8|journal=Italian Political Science Review / Rivista Italiana di Scienza Politica|volume=51|language=en|pages=42–66|doi=10.1017/ipo.2020.12|issn=0048-8402|doi-access=free}}</ref>

[[Coalition government]]s are formed when a political alliance comes to power, or when only a [[Plurality (voting)|plurality]] (not a [[majority]]) has been reached and several parties must work together to govern. One of the peculiarities of such a method of governance results in [[minister without portfolio]].

==Examples==
===Active political alliances===
*[[Argentina]]: [[Frente de Todos (2019 coalition)|Frente de Todos]], [[Juntos por el Cambio]], [[Workers' Left Front|Workers' Left Front – Unity]]
*[[Armenia]]: [[Civil Contract (Armenia)|Civil Contract]], [[United Labour Party (Armenia)|United Labour Party]]
*[[Australia]]: [[Coalition (Australia)|Liberal/National Coalition]]
*[[Bolivia]]: [[Civic Community]], [[Creemos]]
*[[Bulgaria]]: [[BSP for Bulgaria]], [[Democratic Bulgaria]], [[There Is Such a People]], [[We Continue the Change]]
*[[Chile]]: [[Chile Vamos]], [[New Deal (Chile)|New Deal]], [[Apruebo Dignidad]], [[Broad Front (Chile)|Broad Front]], [[Chile Digno]], [[Christian Social Front]], [[United Independents (Chile)|United Independents]]
*[[Croatia]]: [[Restart Coalition]]
*[[Czech Republic]]: [[Pirates and Mayors]], [[SPOLU (Czech Republic)|SPOLU]]
*[[Germany]]: [[CDU/CSU|Christian Democratic Union/Christian Social Union]]
*[[Gibraltar]]: [[GSLP–Liberal Alliance]]
*[[Politics of Greece|Greece]]: [[Movement for Change (Greece)|Movement for Change]]
*[[Hong Kong]]: [[Pro-democracy camp (Hong Kong)|Pan-democracy camp]], [[Pro-Beijing camp (Hong Kong)|Pro-Beijing camp]], [[Localist groups (Hong Kong)|Localist Groups]]
*[[Hungary]]: [[Fidesz-KDNP]], [[United for Hungary]]
*[[India]]: [[National Democratic Alliance]] (NDA), [[United Progressive Alliance]] (UPA), [[Left Front (West Bengal)|Left Front]]
*[[Politics of the Republic of Ireland|Ireland]]: [[Solidarity–People Before Profit]], [[Fianna Fáil]]–[[Social Democratic and Labour Party|SDLP]]
*[[Israel]]: [[National camp]] (informal), [[Blue and White (political alliance)|Blue and White]], [[Yamina]], [[United Torah Judaism]], [[Joint List]]
*[[Politics of Italy|Italy]]: [[Centre-left coalition]], [[Centre-right coalition]]
*[[Latvia]]: [[Union of Greens and Farmers]]
*[[Lebanon]]: [[March 8 Alliance]], [[March 14 Alliance]]
*[[Malaysia]]: [[Pakatan Harapan|Alliance of Hope]] (PH), [[Barisan Nasional]] (BN), [[Perikatan Nasional]] (PN), [[Gabungan Rakyat Sabah]] (GRS), [[Gabungan Parti Sarawak]] (GPS)
*[[Mexico]]: [[Juntos Hacemos Historia]], [[Va por México]]
*[[Philippines]]: [[Coalition for Change (Philippines)|Coalition for Change]], [[Bagong Alyansang Makabayan]]
*[[Poland]]: [[United Right (Poland)|United Right]], [[The Left (Poland)|The Left]], [[Polish Coalition]], [[Civic Coalition (Poland)|Civic Coalition]]
*[[Portugal]]: [[Unitary Democratic Coalition]]
*[[Romania]]: [[USR PLUS]], [[National Identity Bloc in Europe]]
*[[Russia]]: [[All-Russia People's Front]]
*[[Serbia]]: [[For Our Children (Serbia)|For Our Children]], [[United Serbia (coalition)]]
*[[Spain]]: [[Unidas Podemos]], [[EH Bildu]]
*[[Sweden]]: [[Red-Greens (Sweden)|Red-Greens]]
*[[Taiwan|Republic of China/Taiwan]]: [[Pan-Blue Coalition]], [[Pan-Green Coalition]]
*[[Tunisia]]: [[Popular Front (Tunisia)|Popular Front]]
*[[Turkey]]: [[People's Alliance (Turkey)|People's Alliance]], [[Nation Alliance (Turkey)|Nation Alliance]]
*[[United Kingdom]]: [[Labour and Co-operative]]
*[[Uruguay]]: [[Broad Front (Uruguay)|Broad Front]]
*[[Venezuela]]: [[Great Patriotic Pole]], [[Democratic Unity Roundtable]]

===Defunct political alliances===
*[[Argentina]]: [[Alliance for Work, Justice and Education]], [[Broad Progressive Front (Argentina)|Broad Progressive Front]]
*[[Armenia]]: [[My Step Alliance]], [[Way Out Alliance]], [[We Alliance]], [[Bright Alliance]], [[ORO Alliance]]
*[[Brazil]]: [[With the Strength of the People]]
*[[Bulgaria]]: [[United Patriots]]
*[[Chile]]: [[Alliance (Chile)|Alliance for Chile]], [[Concertación|Concert of Parties for Democracy]], [[Coalition for Change]], [[Juntos Podemos Más]]
*[[France]]: [[Union for French Democracy]], [[Federation of the Democratic and Socialist Left]], [[Left Front (France)|Left Front]]
*[[Germany]]: [[Labour and Social Justice – The Electoral Alternative|WASG]]–[[Party of Democratic Socialism (Germany)|PDS]], [[Harzburg Front]]
*[[Greece]]: [[Syriza|Coalition of the Radical Left]]
*[[Hungary]]: [[Unity (Hungary)]]
*[[India]]: [[Third Front (India)|Third Front]]
*[[Israel]]: [[Alignment (Israel)|Alignment]], [[Gahal]], [[One Israel]], [[National Union (Israel)|National Union]], [[Likud Yisrael Beiteinu]], [[Zionist Union]], [[Yesh Atid–Telem]]
*[[Italy]]: [[Pole for Freedoms]], [[House of Freedoms]], [[The Olive Tree (Italy)|The Olive Tree]], [[The Union (Italy)|The Union]], [[Italy. Common Good]]
*[[South Korea]]: [[:ko:선진과 창조의 모임|Forward and Creative]], [[Peace and Justice]]
*[[Latvia]]: [[Harmony Centre]]
*[[Mauritius]]: [[Alliance Sociale]]
*[[Malaysia]]: [[Barisan Alternatif]], [[Pakatan Rakyat]]
*[[Mexico]]: [[Broad Progressive Front]]
*[[Moldova]]: [[Alliance for Democracy and Reforms]], [[Alliance for European Integration]], [[NOW Platform DA and PAS|Now Platform]]
*[[Montenegro]]: [[European Montenegro]], [[Together for Change]], [[Serb List (2006)|Serb List]]
*[[New Zealand]]: [[United–Reform Coalition]], [[Alliance (New Zealand political party)|Alliance]]
*[[Poland]]: [[Solidarity Electoral Action]], [[Left and Democrats]], [[United Left (Poland)|United Left]], [[European Coalition (Poland)|European Coalition]]
*[[Portugal]]: [[Democratic Alliance (Portugal)|Democratic Alliance]], [[Portugal Ahead]]
*[[Romania]]: [[Social Democratic Pole of Romania|Social Democratic Pole]], [[Justice and Truth Alliance]], [[Social Liberal Union]]
*[[Russia]]: [[The Other Russia (coalition)|The Other Russia]]
*[[Serbia]]: [[Democratic Opposition of Serbia]]
*[[Slovenia]]: [[DEMOS (Slovenia)|Democratic Opposition of Slovenia]]
*[[Spain]]: [[Convergence and Union]], [[Junts pel Sí]]
*[[Sweden]]: [[Alliance (Sweden)|Alliance]]
*[[Ukraine]]: [[Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc]], [[Our Ukraine–People's Self-Defense Bloc]]
*[[United Kingdom]]: [[SDP–Liberal Alliance]], [[Conservative–DUP agreement]], [[Ulster Conservatives and Unionists]]

==See also==
*[[Coalition government]]
*[[Electoral alliance]]
*[[Popular front]]
*[[Red–green alliance]]
*[[United front]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Political alliance}}
[[Category:Political party alliances| ]]
[[Category:Political science terminology]]

Political alliance - Revision history

73.74.82.128 at 17:06, 4 May 2022