https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=PithundaPithunda - Revision history2026-10-26T08:23:55ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.43.6https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pithunda&diff=525661&oldid=prevAccuntpayable1 at 22:03, 9 January 20242024-01-09T22:03:19Z<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>'''Pithunda''' was a port in the ancient kingdom of [[Kalinga (historical kingdom)|Kalinga]] on the eastern coast of [[India]]. <br />
Pithunda, or Prithuda was the capital of an old kingdom. The region was situated adjacent to another kingdom, which is located in Bandar taluk, now the modern [[Krishna district]] of [[Andhra Pradesh]], not far from [[Masulipatam]].<ref name=Majumdar1986/> [[Sylvain Levi]] considers that Pithunda was located to the south of Palur near Chicacola ([[Srikakulam]] in Andhra Pradesh) and Kalingapatanam.<ref name=Ghadai2009/><ref name="jstor"/><br />
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Pithunda is described in the [[Jain]] text ''Uttaradhyana Sutra'' as an important center at the time of [[Mahavira]] (599 – 527 BC), and was frequented by merchants from [[Champa]] (now [[Vietnam]]).<ref name=Ghadai2009/> The Hathigumpha inscription says that [[Kharavela]] (c. 209 – 170 BC) conquered the city in his 11th regnal year.<ref name="jstor">{{cite web |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44158798?read-now=1&seq=7#page_scan_tab_contents |title=PORTS AND PORT TOWNS OF EARLY ODISHA: TEXT, ARCHAEOLOGY AND IDENTIFICATION |author=Benudhar Patra |work=Indian History Congress |pages=54-63 |date=2013 }}</ref><ref name=Majumdar1986/> This occurred during a war between Kalinga and the [[Tamil people|Tamil]] confederacy to the south. After defeating the city, Kharavela is said to have ploughed it using a plough yoked to asses.<ref name=Thapar2004/> Pithunda was called Pithundra in the ''Peripus'' and the ''Geography'' of [[Ptolemy]] (c. 90 – 168 AD).<ref name=Patnaik1997/><ref name="jstor"/><br />
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==References==<br />
{{reflist|1|refs=<br />
<ref name=Ghadai2009>{{cite web<br />
|url=http://www.orissa.gov.in/e-magazine/Orissareview/2009/July/engpdf/62-64.pdf<br />
|title=Maritime Heritage of Orissa<br />
|author=Balabhadra Ghadai<br />
|work=Orissa Review <br />
|date=July 2009<br />
|accessdate=2010-11-25 }}</ref><br />
<ref name=Majumdar1986>{{cite book<br />
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OswUZtL1_CUC&pg=PA68<br />
|page=68<br />
|title=Vakataka - Gupta Age Circa 200-550 A.D.<br />
|author=Ramesh Chandra Majumdar, Anant Sadashiv Altekar<br />
|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass<br />
|year=1986<br />
|isbn=81-208-0026-5}}</ref><br />
<ref name=Patnaik1997>{{cite book<br />
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1AA9W9_4Z9gC&pg=PA131<br />
|page=131<br />
|title=Economic history of Orissa<br />
|author=Nihar Ranjan Patnaik<br />
|publisher=Indus Publishing<br />
|year=1997<br />
|isbn=81-7387-075-6}}</ref><br />
<ref name=Thapar2004>{{cite book<br />
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-5irrXX0apQC&pg=PA212<br />
|page=212<br />
|title=Early India: From the Origins to AD 1300<br />
|author=Romila Thapar<br />
|publisher=University of California Press<br />
|year=2004<br />
|isbn=0-520-24225-4}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
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[[Category:Maritime history of India]]</div>Accuntpayable1