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{{short description|Railway tunnel in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2016}}
{{coord|33.5124345|75.1970923|scale:100000|format=dms|display=title}}
{{Infobox tunnel
|name = Pir Panjal Railway Tunnel
|image = Pir panjal tunnel.jpg
|caption = Banihal rail tunnel
|line = Jammu Tawi-Udhampur- Srinagar-Baramulla Railway Link
|location = [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
|coordinates =
|system =
|status = Active
|start = [[Banihal]]
|end = [[Hillar Shahabad]]
|stations =
|startwork =
|opened = June 2013
|close =
|owner = [[Indian Railways]]
|operator = [[Indian Railways]]
|traffic = Train
|character =
|construction =
|length =
|linelength = {{convert|11.21|km|abbr=on}}
|tracklength =
|notrack = [[Single track (rail)|single track]]
|gauge = {{track gauge|1676 mm}} ([[Broad gauge]])
|el =
|speed = up to {{convert|75|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}
|hielevation =
|lowelevation =
|height =
|grade =
}}
{{Jammu-Baramulla line|collapse=yes}}
The '''Pir Panjal Railway Tunnel''' or '''Banihal railway tunnel''' is an {{convert|11.215|km|mi}} long railway tunnel located in [[Pir Panjal Range]] of middle [[Himalayas]] in [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)| Jammu and Kashmir]], [[India]], north of [[Banihal]] town. It is a part of the [[Jammu–Baramulla line]].

The north portal of the railway tunnel is at {{coord|33.5617942|75.1988626|scale:500000|display=inline}} and its south portal is at {{coord|33.463203|75.193992|scale:500000|display=inline}}.

==Length and elevation==
The average elevation of the railway tunnel is {{convert|1760|m|abbr=on}} or about {{convert|440|m|abbr=on}} below the existing road tunnel, the [[Jawahar Tunnel]], which is at elevation of about {{convert|2194|m|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://usbrl.org/aboutus.php |title= J & K Project Brief |author= |date= |website=usbrl.org |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}}</ref> The tunnel is {{Convert|8.40|m}} wide with a height of {{Convert|7.39|m}}. There is a {{convert|3|m|ft|adj=mid|-wide|spell=in}} road along the length of the tunnel for the maintenance of railway tracks and emergency relief. It is India's longest railway tunnel. It takes approximately 9 minutes and 30 seconds for the train to cross the tunnel.<ref name="TOI">{{cite news| title=India's longest railway tunnel unveiled in Jammu & Kashmir| url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-10-14/india/30278754_1_jawahar-tunnel-tunnel-excavation-baramulla| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130629075419/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-10-14/india/30278754_1_jawahar-tunnel-tunnel-excavation-baramulla| url-status=dead| archive-date=29 June 2013| work=[[The Times of India]]| date=14 October 2011| accessdate=14 October 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Railways' Himalayan Blunder|url=http://www.tehelka.com/story_main50.asp?filename=Ne130811RAILWAYS.asp|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120919191538/http://www.tehelka.com/story_main50.asp?filename=Ne130811RAILWAYS.asp|url-status=dead|archive-date=19 September 2012|date=13 Aug 2011|publisher=[[Tehelka]] Magazine, Vol 8, Issue 32}}</ref>

==Progress of the project==
The new [[Banihal]]-[[Qazigund]] tunnel for the [[Jammu–Baramulla line]] connecting Bichleri Valley of Banihal with Qazigund area of [[Kashmir Valley]] has been constructed as a part of its [[Udhampur]]-[[Srinagar]]-[[Baramulla]] rail link project. The boring was completed in four years in October 2011, its lining and laying of rail tracks was completed in the next one year and trial run commenced on 28 December 2012. The tunnel was commissioned on 26 June 2013 and commercial runs started from 27 June 2013.

The rail tunnel reduces the distance between [[Quazigund]] and Banihal by {{Convert|17|km}} (from {{Convert|35|km}} by road to {{Convert|17.5|km}} by train).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/indian-railways-pir-panjal-tunnel-kashmir-valley-asia-second-longest-tunnel/1/239901.html|title = Indian Railways makes history, runs train through Asia's second longest tunnel}}</ref>
Banihal railway station is situated at {{convert|1702|m|abbr=on}} above mean sea level. The railway network in Kashmir from Banihal to [[Baramulla]] is now {{Convert|137|km}}. Until the {{Convert|148|km}} [[Katra, Jammu and Kashmir|Katra]]-Banihal section of Jammu–Baramulla line gets constructed (may open in 2021), people can travel from [[Jammu Tawi]] or [[Udhampur]] to Banihal by road and take the train from Banihal to Srinagar through the Banihal railway tunnel.

==Gallery==
<gallery widths="300" heights="300" perrow="3" mode="packed">
File:KashmirVale.jpg|View towards the massive [[Pir Panjal range]] the Railway line passes through it.
</gallery>

==See also==
* [[Jammu–Baramulla line]]

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110809052522/http://iricen.gov.in/IRICEN1/projects/824/ankurjain.pdf Pir Panjal Railway Tunnel T80 By N.A.T.M] at [[IRICEN]]

[[Category:Railway tunnels in India]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:Northern Railway Zone|*]]
[[Category:2011 establishments in Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:Ramban district]]
[[Category:Tunnels completed in 2013]]

Pir Panjal Railway Tunnel - Revision history

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