->Adityasoman03: /* Faunal diversity */

2021-11-26T16:13:18Z

Faunal diversity

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:43, 26 November 2021
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	==Geography==		==Geography==
	The Phansad Wildlife Sanctuary is located some {{convert\|140\|km\|abbr=on}} from [[Mumbai]]. There are four main trails through the sanctuary that takes in the main waterholes, ~~Gunyacha~~ Maal, Chikhalgaan and Phansadgaan, that are some of the best places to see wildlife. The "Sacred ~~Groves~~" is located near [[Supegaon]]. Pockets of open grassland, called ''~~mals~~'', occur throughout the sanctuary. The sanctuary is best approachable by road from Murud-Janjira and Roha. The nearest rail head is Roha.		The Phansad Wildlife Sanctuary is located some {{convert\|140\|km\|abbr=on}} from [[Mumbai]]. It is situated between Roha, Murud-Janjira and Alibaug talukas of Raigarh district. There are four main trails through the sanctuary that takes in the main waterholes, Ghunyacha Maal, Chikhalgaan and Phansadgaan, that are some of the best places to see wildlife. The "Sacred Grove" (Devrai) is located near [[Supegaon]]. Pockets of open grassland, called ''maals'', occur throughout the sanctuary. The places of natural water sources in the sanctuary are called "Gaan". The sanctuary is best approachable by road from Murud-Janjira and Roha. The nearest rail head is Roha.

	==History==		==History==
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	==Biodiversity==		==Biodiversity==
	The sanctuary is rich in flora and fauna. The forest types are semi-evergreen, evergreen, Mixed deciduous and dry deciduous forests.		The sanctuary is rich in flora and fauna. The forest types are semi-evergreen, evergreen, Mixed deciduous and dry deciduous forests and grasslands and coast.

	===Faunal diversity===		===Faunal diversity===
	The sanctuary has a small population of Indian giant squirrel which is fragmented from the Western ghats. The fauna include 16 species of mammals, 62 species of birds, 17 reptiles, 47 insects and 27 marine invertebrates. The [[White-rumped vulture]] (Gyps bengalensis) which is noted as critically endangered is also found in the sanctuary.<ref name="Srushtidnyan">{{cite web \|last1=Shinde \|first1=Prashant \|title=Saving the White-rumped Vultures at Phansad Wildlife Sanctuary \|url=https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5c1a9e03f407b482a158da87/t/5c2536220e2e72cac48303ee/1545942563792/P939-White-rumped-Vultures-India.pdf \|website=static1.squarespace.com \|publisher=Srushtidnyan, Prashant Shinde \|access-date=9 December 2019}}</ref>		The sanctuary has a small population of Indian giant squirrel which is fragmented from the Western ghats. The fauna include 16 species of mammals, more than 200 species of birds, 17 reptiles, 47 insects and 27 marine invertebrates. The [[White-rumped vulture]] (Gyps bengalensis) which is noted as critically endangered is also found in the sanctuary.<ref name="Srushtidnyan">{{cite web \|last1=Shinde \|first1=Prashant \|title=Saving the White-rumped Vultures at Phansad Wildlife Sanctuary \|url=https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5c1a9e03f407b482a158da87/t/5c2536220e2e72cac48303ee/1545942563792/P939-White-rumped-Vultures-India.pdf \|website=static1.squarespace.com \|publisher=Srushtidnyan, Prashant Shinde \|access-date=9 December 2019}}</ref>
	Representative fauna include:		Representative fauna include:
	* [[Indian giant squirrel]] (''Ratufa indica'')<ref name="Roha" />		* [[Indian giant squirrel]] (''Ratufa indica'')<ref name="Roha" />
	* [[muntjac]] (barking deer)		* [[Indian muntjac]] (barking deer)
	* [[Gaur]] (Bos Gaurus)		* [[Indian Gaur]] (Bos Gaurus)
	* [[hyena]] (''(Hyaena hyaena'')		* [[Indian striped hyena]] (''(Hyaena hyaena'')
	* [[~~leopard~~]] ~~or panther~~ (~~''Panthera pardus''~~)		* [[Dhole]] ("Cuon alpinus")
	* [[~~Bombay earth snake~~]] (''~~Uropeltis macrolepis~~'') ~~and~~		* [[Indian leopard]] (''Panthera pardus'')
	* [[~~Ceylon cat snake~~]] (~~''Boiga ceylonensis''~~)		* [[Indian pangolin]] ("Manis crassicaudata")
	* [[Sambar (deer)\|Sambar]] (''Cervus unicolour'')		* [[Sambar (deer)\|Sambar]] (''Cervus unicolour'')
			* [[Lesser false vampire bat]] ("Megaderma spasma")
	* [[Mouse deer]] (''Tragulus meminna'')		* [[Mouse deer]] (''Tragulus meminna'')
	* [[Indian Python\|Python]]		* [[Indian Rock Python\|Python]] ("Python molurus")
			* [[Bombay earth snake]] (''Uropeltis macrolepis'')
			* [[Giri's bronzeback tree snake]] ("Dendrelaphis girii")
			* [[Southern Birdwing]] ("Troides minos")



	Avifauna includes:		Avifauna includes:
	* [[Sri ~~Lankan~~ frogmouth]]		* [[Sri Lanka frogmouth]]
	* [[Crested Serpent Eagle]]

	===Floral diversity===		===Floral diversity===
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	==Gallery==		==Gallery==

	===Animals in the Sanctuary===		===Animals in the Sanctuary===
	<gallery>		<gallery>

imported>Dewritech: clean up, typo(s) fixed: 2016-17 → 2016–17, , → , , etc → etc. , sq.km → km²

2021-06-06T11:26:15Z

clean up, typo(s) fixed: 2016-17 → 2016–17, , → , , etc → etc. , sq.km → km<sup>2</sup>

New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2017}}
{{Infobox protected area
| name = Phansad Wildlife Sanctuary
| iucn_category = IV
| map = India
| label = Phansad Wildlife Sanctuary
| relief = 1
| map_caption = Location in India
| coordinates = {{coord|18|25|00|N|72|56|00|E|region:BD|display=inline,title}}
| location = [[Raigad District]], [[Murud taluka]] and [[Roha taluka]], [[Maharashtra]]
| nearest_city = [[Alibag]]
| area = 8436 hectares
| established = {{start date|1982}}
}}
[[File:PhansadLandscape.jpg|Phansad Wildlife Sanctuary Landscape|thumb|right]]
'''Phansad Wildlife Sanctuary'''({{lang-mar|फणसाड वन्यजीव अभयारण्य }}) is a [[wildlife sanctuary]] in the [[Murud, Raigad|Murud]] and [[Roha]] talukas of [[Raigad district]], [[Maharashtra|Maharashtra state]], India.<ref name="Roha">{{Cite web|title=Phansad Jungle|publisher=Rohan Gurao, Website for Roha|url=http://www.rohaonline.com/phansad.htm}}</ref> It was created in 1986 to preserve some of the coastal woodland ecosystem of the [[Western Ghats]] and consists of {{convert|6979|ha|abbr=on}} of forest, grasslands and wetlands. The area was once part of the hunting reserves of the princely state of [[Murud-Janjira]].<ref>{{Cite web|author=Puthran, Aayush|title=Phansad Wildlife Sanctuary|publisher=India Travel|url=http://travel.india.com/destinations/phansad-wildlife-sanctuary-2|access-date=4 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130218131205/http://travel.india.com/destinations/phansad-wildlife-sanctuary-2|archive-date=18 February 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Geography==
The Phansad Wildlife Sanctuary is located some {{convert|140|km|abbr=on}} from [[Mumbai]]. There are four main trails through the sanctuary that takes in the main waterholes, Gunyacha Maal, Chikhalgaan and Phansadgaan, that are some of the best places to see wildlife. The "Sacred Groves" is located near [[Supegaon]]. Pockets of open grassland, called ''mals'', occur throughout the sanctuary. The sanctuary is best approachable by road from Murud-Janjira and Roha. The nearest rail head is Roha.

==History==
Before independence this sanctuary was private hunting [[Game reserve]] of Siddhi Nawab of [[Janjira State]] in Murud-Janjira. The entire area was notified as deemed reserved forest under section 4 of Indian forest Act, 1927 . The major part of the present day sanctuary was a part of Phansad working Circle.The sanctuary was declared on 25-2-1986 vide Government of Maharashtra notification WLP/1085/CR-75/F-5 Dt. 25.2.1986.<ref name="Govt">{{cite web |last1=Maharashtra Forest Department, Government of Maharashtra. |title=Maharashtra Forest Department |url=http://mahaforest.gov.in/fieldoffice/internal.php?lang_eng_mar=Mar&MID=2&oid=44 |website=www.mahaforest.gov.in |publisher=Maharashtra Forest Department, Government of Maharashtra. |access-date=9 December 2019}}</ref> The final notification declaring eco sensitive zone around the Phansad sanctuary was made by Government vide Notification 105.S.O. 1603 (E) dated 17.05.2017.<ref name="Notification">{{cite web |title=Status of ESZ Notifications |url=https://rivermonitoring-up.in/Home/ESZNotification |website=www.rivermonitoring-up.in |publisher=Environment Directorate, Vineet Khand-1, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow |access-date=9 December 2019}}</ref> The [[Eco-Sensitive Zone]] (ESZ) is spread over an area of 10.96 km<sup>2</sup> around the sanctuary. About 43 villages of [[Murud taluka]] and [[Roha taluka]] are part of the eco-sensitive zone.<ref name="Gazettee">{{cite web |last1=Government of India |title=The gazettee of India |url=https://ercindia.org/archive.ercindia.org/files/legislations/Phansad%20Wildlife%20Sanctuary%20%20Maharashtra%20166908_30%20Nov%202015.pdf |website=www.ercindia.org |publisher=Controller of Publications, The Government of India,Delhi-110054. |access-date=9 December 2019}}</ref> The management plan for Phansad wildlife sanctuary is approved vide letter Desk-22(8)/WL/M Plan/CR-166 Part14/2988/17-18 on 21/12/2017 for the year 2016–17 to 20125-26 by the Government of India<ref name="Portal">{{cite web |last1=Maharashtra Forest Department |title=List of Management Plan |url=http://mahaforest.gov.in/fckimagefile/Management%20Plan%20of%20%20Wildlife%20Sanctuary%20National%20Park.pdf |website=www.mahaforest.gov.in |publisher=Maharashtra Forest Department |access-date=9 December 2019}}</ref>

==Ecosystems==
* coastal woodland ecosystem of the [[Western Ghats]]

==Biodiversity==
The sanctuary is rich in flora and fauna. The forest types are semi-evergreen, evergreen, Mixed deciduous and dry deciduous forests.

===Faunal diversity===
The sanctuary has a small population of Indian giant squirrel which is fragmented from the Western ghats. The fauna include 16 species of mammals, 62 species of birds, 17 reptiles, 47 insects and 27 marine invertebrates. The [[White-rumped vulture]] (Gyps bengalensis) which is noted as critically endangered is also found in the sanctuary.<ref name="Srushtidnyan">{{cite web |last1=Shinde |first1=Prashant |title=Saving the White-rumped Vultures at Phansad Wildlife Sanctuary |url=https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5c1a9e03f407b482a158da87/t/5c2536220e2e72cac48303ee/1545942563792/P939-White-rumped-Vultures-India.pdf |website=static1.squarespace.com |publisher=Srushtidnyan, Prashant Shinde |access-date=9 December 2019}}</ref>
Representative fauna include:
* [[Indian giant squirrel]] (''Ratufa indica'')<ref name="Roha" />
* [[muntjac]] (barking deer)
* [[Gaur]] (Bos Gaurus)
* [[hyena]] (''(Hyaena hyaena'')
* [[leopard]] or panther (''Panthera pardus'')
* [[Bombay earth snake]] (''Uropeltis macrolepis'') and
* [[Ceylon cat snake]] (''Boiga ceylonensis'')
* [[Sambar (deer)|Sambar]] (''Cervus unicolour'')
* [[Mouse deer]] (''Tragulus meminna'')
* [[Indian Python|Python]]
Avifauna includes:
* [[Sri Lankan frogmouth]]
* [[Crested Serpent Eagle]]

===Floral diversity===
The forest on the top hill of the sanctuary are evergreen which include mostly Anjan ([[Memecylon umbellatum]]), Phansada (Garcinia talbootii) while those on the slopes are dry deciduous which include ain, kinjal, [[teak]], hirda, jamba, [[mango]], and various [[ficus]].<ref name="Roha" /> The sanctuary has 710 species of Plants which include 179 species of trees, 66shrubs, 141 herbs etc. (Marathe 2004).<ref name="Srushtidnyan" />

==Gallery==
===Animals in the Sanctuary===
<gallery>
File:Common baron female.JPG
File:Echis carinatus(Saw Scaled Viper) Phansad.jpg
File:Black Prince.jpg
File:Nyctibatrachus spp.jpg
Emigrants (UN).jpg
Tawny coster1.jpg
</gallery>

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{Cite web|title=Satellite image|url=http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_KKjMMKe4XGQ/TE1W1bxKBCI/AAAAAAAAGnQ/oB6CjJodTh8/s1600/phansad.jpg}}

[[Category:Wildlife sanctuaries in Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Raigad district]]
[[Category:Nature conservation in India]]
[[Category:Malabar Coast moist forests]]
[[Category:1982 establishments in Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Protected areas established in 1982]]

Phansad Wildlife Sanctuary - Revision history

->Adityasoman03: /* Faunal diversity */

imported>Dewritech: clean up, typo(s) fixed: 2016-17 → 2016–17, , → , , etc → etc. , sq.km → km2

imported>Dewritech: clean up, typo(s) fixed: 2016-17 → 2016–17, , → , , etc → etc. , sq.km → km²