Pettah of Ahmednagar - Revision history

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2024-04-16T20:01:38Z

update content for consistency

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:31, 17 April 2024
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	==Capture during Second Anglo-Maratha War==		==Capture during Second Anglo-Maratha War==
	On 8 August 1803 during the [[Second Anglo-Maratha War]], forces under the command of Sir [[Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington\|Arthur Wellesley]] (later the Duke of Wellington) stormed and captured the town.{{sfn\|Duke of Wellington\|1859\|p=151}}		On 8 August 1803, during the [[Second Anglo-Maratha War]], forces under the command of Sir [[Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington\|Arthur Wellesley]] (later the Duke of Wellington) stormed and captured the town.{{sfn\|Duke of Wellington\|1859\|p=151}}

	Wellesley sent forward his stormers against the pettah, having first pointed out to the leaders where they were to fix their ladders. The assault was gallantly led; but within ten minutes five of the officers leading the first attacking party were killed or wounded, the ladders were thrown down and broken; the attack had failed.{{sfn\|Fitchett\|1911\|pp=102–104}}		Wellesley sent forward his stormers against the pettah, having first pointed out to the leaders where they were to fix their ladders. The assault was gallantly led; but within ten minutes five of the officers leading the first attacking party were killed or wounded, the ladders were thrown down and broken; the attack had failed.{{sfn\|Fitchett\|1911\|pp=102–104}}

	Another attacking party had only two ladders; the rush of the stormers broke down one; but, on the other, the stormers, commanded by Captain Vesey and headed by Lieutenant [[Colin Campbell (colonial governor)\|Colin Campbell]], forced their way up. About 150 men had ~~gained~~ the rampart when a cannon-shot smashed the ladder. The fate of the stormers, ~~thus~~ cut off, might have seemed hopeless; but they leaped down the inner side of the wall, forced their way through the streets to the central gate, against which another party of stormers ~~was~~ battering on the outside, opened it, let in their comrades, and the town was won. Wellesley then turned his attention to the nearby fort, which after a cannonade surrendered on terms and the garrison marched out with full military honours.{{sfn\|Fitchett\|1911\|pp=102–104}}{{efn\|Wellesley saw the attack and was impressed with Colin Campbell he later said:		Another attacking party had only two ladders; the rush of the stormers broke down one; but, on the other, the stormers, commanded by Captain Vesey and headed by Lieutenant [[Colin Campbell (colonial governor)\|Colin Campbell]], forced their way up. About 150 men had scaled the rampart when a cannon-shot smashed the ladder. The fate of the stormers, now cut off, might have seemed hopeless; but they leaped down the inner side of the wall, forced their way through the streets to the central gate, against which another party of stormers were battering on the outside, opened it, let in their comrades, and the town was won. Wellesley then turned his attention to the nearby fort, which after a cannonade surrendered on terms and the garrison marched out with full military honours.{{sfn\|Fitchett\|1911\|pp=102–104}}{{efn\|Wellesley saw the attack and was impressed with Colin Campbell he later said:
	{{quote\|Having made the necessary arrangements beforehand, I let loose the storming party. As I was watching the progress of things, I saw an officer seize a ladder, plant it against the wall, and rush up alone. He was thrown down on reaching the summit, but jumped up at once, and re-ascended; he was again thrown down, and again re-ascended, followed on this occasion by the men. There was a scuffle on the top of the wall, in which the officer had to cut his way through the defenders, and presently a whole crowd of British troops poured after him into the town. As soon as I got in, I made inquiries about him, and found that his name was Colin Campbell, and that he was wounded. I sought him out, and said a few words to him, with which he seemed greatly delighted. I liked his blunt, manly manner, and never lost sight of him afterwards.\|Arthur Wellesley.{{sfn\|Fitchett\|1911\|p=103}} }}		{{quote\|Having made the necessary arrangements beforehand, I let loose the storming party. As I was watching the progress of things, I saw an officer seize a ladder, plant it against the wall, and rush up alone. He was thrown down on reaching the summit, but jumped up at once, and re-ascended; he was again thrown down, and again re-ascended, followed on this occasion by the men. There was a scuffle on the top of the wall, in which the officer had to cut his way through the defenders, and presently a whole crowd of British troops poured after him into the town. As soon as I got in, I made inquiries about him, and found that his name was Colin Campbell, and that he was wounded. I sought him out, and said a few words to him, with which he seemed greatly delighted. I liked his blunt, manly manner, and never lost sight of him afterwards.\|Arthur Wellesley.{{sfn\|Fitchett\|1911\|p=103}} }}
	}}		}}
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	==References==		==References==
	* {{Citation \|last=Burton \|first=Reginald George \|year=2008 \|title=Wellington's Campaigns in India \|edition=reprint \|publisher=Lancer Publishers \|isbn=~~9780979617461~~ \|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=UAxEpTvTxrQC~~&lpg=PA56~~&pg=PA56~~#v=onepage&q&f=false~~ 56]}}		* {{Citation \|last=Burton \|first=Reginald George \|year=2008 \|title=Wellington's Campaigns in India \|edition=reprint \|publisher=Lancer Publishers \|isbn=978-0-9796174-6-1 \|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=UAxEpTvTxrQC&pg=PA56 56]}}
	* {{Citation \|author=Duke of Wellington \|editor-first=Arthur Richard ~~(2nd Duke)~~\|editor-last=Wellesley \|year=1859 \|chapter=Memorandum of the Ahmednuggur Fort \|title=Supplementary despatches and memoranda of field marshal Arthur duke of Wellington 1797-1819 with a map of India \|publisher=J. Murray \|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=y9EgAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA100~~#v=onepage&q&f=false~~ 100]}}		* {{Citation \|author=Duke of Wellington \|editor-first=Arthur Richard \|editor-last=Wellesley \|year=1859 \|chapter=Memorandum of the Ahmednuggur Fort \|title=Supplementary despatches and memoranda of field marshal Arthur duke of Wellington 1797-1819 with a map of India \|publisher=J. Murray \|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=y9EgAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA100 100]}}
	*{{citation \|author=Staff \|year=1853 \|chapter=Arthur Duke of Wellington: Invasion of the Mahratta country \|title=The Working man's friend, and family instructor \|volume=3 \|number=53 \|series=New \|location=London \|publisher=John Cassell \|pages=6–[https://books.google.~~co.uk~~/books?id=UTQFAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA7~~#v=onepage&q&f=false~~ 7]}}		*{{citation \|author=Staff \|year=1853 \|chapter=Arthur Duke of Wellington: Invasion of the Mahratta country \|title=The Working man's friend, and family instructor \|volume=3 \|number=53 \|series=New \|location=London \|publisher=John Cassell \|pages=6–[https://books.google.com/books?id=UTQFAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA7 7]}}

	;Attribution		;Attribution
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	==Further reading==		==Further reading==
	* {{citation\|ref=none \|last=Forrest \|first=George \|~~authorlink~~=George William Forrest \|year=1901 \|chapter=The Duke of Wellington \|title=Sepoy generals, Wellington to Roberts \|location=Edinburgh and London \|publisher=W. Blackwood \|pages=[https://archive.org/stream/sepoygeneralswe00unkngoog#page/n92/mode/1up 67]–70}}		* {{citation\|ref=none \|last=Forrest \|first=George \|author-link=George William Forrest \|year=1901 \|chapter=The Duke of Wellington \|title=Sepoy generals, Wellington to Roberts \|location=Edinburgh and London \|publisher=W. Blackwood \|pages=[https://archive.org/stream/sepoygeneralswe00unkngoog#page/n92/mode/1up 67]–70}}
	*{{citation\|ref=none \|first=James \|last=Welsh\|year=1830 \|author-link=James Welsh (East India Company officer) \|chapter=Ahmednugger \|title=Military Reminiscences, from a Journal of nearly forty years' Active Service in the East Indies \|edition=First edition in two volumes \|volume=1 \|publisher=Smith, Elder, and Company \|location=London \|pages=155–165 \|chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/militaryreminisc01wels#page/154/mode/2up}}		*{{citation\|ref=none \|first=James \|last=Welsh\|year=1830 \|author-link=James Welsh (East India Company officer) \|chapter=Ahmednugger \|title=Military Reminiscences, from a Journal of nearly forty years' Active Service in the East Indies \|edition=First edition in two volumes \|volume=1 \|publisher=Smith, Elder, and Company \|location=London \|pages=155–165 \|chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/militaryreminisc01wels#page/154/mode/2up}}

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← Older revision		Revision as of 20:39, 10 May 2022
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	==Capture during Second Anglo-Maratha War==		==Capture during Second Anglo-Maratha War==
	In 1803 during the [[Second Anglo-Maratha War]], forces under the command of Sir [[Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington\|Arthur Wellesley]] (later the Duke of Wellington) stormed and captured the ~~small~~ town.		On 8 August 1803 during the [[Second Anglo-Maratha War]], forces under the command of Sir [[Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington\|Arthur Wellesley]] (later the Duke of Wellington) stormed and captured the town.{{sfn\|Duke of Wellington\|1859\|p=151}}

	Wellesley sent forward his stormers against the pettah, having first pointed out to the leaders where they were to fix their ladders. The assault was gallantly led; but within ten minutes five of the officers leading the first attacking party were killed or wounded, the ladders were thrown down and broken; the attack had failed.{{sfn\|Fitchett\|1911\|pp=102–104}}		Wellesley sent forward his stormers against the pettah, having first pointed out to the leaders where they were to fix their ladders. The assault was gallantly led; but within ten minutes five of the officers leading the first attacking party were killed or wounded, the ladders were thrown down and broken; the attack had failed.{{sfn\|Fitchett\|1911\|pp=102–104}}

->Spacestar8394: Adding short description: "Indian fort in 1803" (Shortdesc helper)

2021-08-02T15:16:57Z

Adding short description: "Indian fort in 1803" (Shortdesc helper)

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:46, 2 August 2021
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			{{Short description\|Indian fort in 1803}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=February 2019}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=February 2019}}
	{{Use Indian English\|date=February 2019}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=February 2019}}

>Charles Matthews: /* Further reading */ authorlink

2021-02-23T17:12:18Z

Further reading: authorlink

New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2019}}
In 1803 the '''Pettah of Ahmednagar''',{{efn|Also spelt '''Pettah of Ahmednuggur''' in contemporary records {{harv|Duke of Wellington|1859}} }} had forty bastions, or round towers: eight of them were large, with two guns in each; the remainder had only loopholes. There were twelve gates, without any detached works for defence. The walls were of mud, about {{convert|10|ft|m}} high without a ditch.<ref name=Wellesley-100>{{harvnb|Duke of Wellington|1859|p=100}}</ref>

A gunshot to the east of the [[Wiktionary:pettah|pettah]] was the [[Fort of Ahmednagar]]. A small river came from the northward, round the west side of the pettah, and passed to the southward of the fort. A [[nullah]] also passed from the northward, between the fort and a town called [[Bhingar]], about a gunshot to the eastward, and joined the river.<ref name=Wellesley-100/>

Two nills or covered aqueducts came from the hills, a mile or more to the north, passed through and supplied the pettah and the town, and then went into the fort, either under or through the ditch, into which the waste water fell.<ref name=Wellesley-100/>

==Capture during Second Anglo-Maratha War==
In 1803 during the [[Second Anglo-Maratha War]], forces under the command of Sir [[Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington|Arthur Wellesley]] (later the Duke of Wellington) stormed and captured the small town.

Wellesley sent forward his stormers against the pettah, having first pointed out to the leaders where they were to fix their ladders. The assault was gallantly led; but within ten minutes five of the officers leading the first attacking party were killed or wounded, the ladders were thrown down and broken; the attack had failed.{{sfn|Fitchett|1911|pp=102–104}}

Another attacking party had only two ladders; the rush of the stormers broke down one; but, on the other, the stormers, commanded by Captain Vesey and headed by Lieutenant [[Colin Campbell (colonial governor)|Colin Campbell]], forced their way up. About 150 men had gained the rampart when a cannon-shot smashed the ladder. The fate of the stormers, thus cut off, might have seemed hopeless; but they leaped down the inner side of the wall, forced their way through the streets to the central gate, against which another party of stormers was battering on the outside, opened it, let in their comrades, and the town was won. Wellesley then turned his attention to the nearby fort, which after a cannonade surrendered on terms and the garrison marched out with full military honours.{{sfn|Fitchett|1911|pp=102–104}}{{efn|Wellesley saw the attack and was impressed with Colin Campbell he later said:
{{quote|Having made the necessary arrangements beforehand, I let loose the storming party. As I was watching the progress of things, I saw an officer seize a ladder, plant it against the wall, and rush up alone. He was thrown down on reaching the summit, but jumped up at once, and re-ascended; he was again thrown down, and again re-ascended, followed on this occasion by the men. There was a scuffle on the top of the wall, in which the officer had to cut his way through the defenders, and presently a whole crowd of British troops poured after him into the town. As soon as I got in, I made inquiries about him, and found that his name was Colin Campbell, and that he was wounded. I sought him out, and said a few words to him, with which he seemed greatly delighted. I liked his blunt, manly manner, and never lost sight of him afterwards.|Arthur Wellesley.{{sfn|Fitchett|1911|p=103}} }}
}}
The successful assault carried out with such apparent ease made a strong impression on the Indians. Golka, a Mahratta chief, wrote to a friend shortly after the incident:{{efn|''Golka'' is also spelt ''Gocklah'' and ''Gookiah'' in other sources.}}
{{cquote|The English, are a strange people, and their general an extraordinary man. They arrive here in the morning, examine the walls, carry them, have killed all the garrison in the place, and have now gone back to breakfast. Who can resist such men as these?|||Golka a Mahratta chief.{{sfn|Fitchett|1911|pp=102–104}}{{sfn|Burton|2008|p=56}}{{efn|A different sources state that Colonel [[Jasper Nicolls|Nicolls]] wrote: "Gookiah, a Mahratta chief, residing in our camp with a body of horse, wrote thus to his friends at Poonan— 'These English are a strange people, and their General a wonderful man. They came here in the morning, looked at the Pettah walls, walked over it, killed all the garrison, and returned to breakfast! What can withstand them?'" {{sfn|Staff|1853|p=7}}}} }}

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

{{reflist}}

==References==
* {{Citation |last=Burton |first=Reginald George |year=2008 |title=Wellington's Campaigns in India |edition=reprint |publisher=Lancer Publishers |isbn=9780979617461 |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=UAxEpTvTxrQC&lpg=PA56&pg=PA56#v=onepage&q&f=false 56]}}
* {{Citation |author=Duke of Wellington |editor-first=Arthur Richard (2nd Duke)|editor-last=Wellesley |year=1859 |chapter=Memorandum of the Ahmednuggur Fort |title=Supplementary despatches and memoranda of field marshal Arthur duke of Wellington 1797-1819 with a map of India |publisher=J. Murray |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=y9EgAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA100#v=onepage&q&f=false 100]}}
*{{citation |author=Staff |year=1853 |chapter=Arthur Duke of Wellington: Invasion of the Mahratta country |title=The Working man's friend, and family instructor |volume=3 |number=53 |series=New |location=London |publisher=John Cassell |pages=6–[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=UTQFAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA7#v=onepage&q&f=false 7]}}

;Attribution
{{source-attribution|{{citation|last=Fitchett |first=William Henry |year=1911 |title=Wellington, Arthur Wellesley, Duke of, 1769-1852 |location=London |publisher=G. Bell |pages=[https://archive.org/stream/greatduke01fitcuoft#page/102/mode/1up 102–104]}} }}

==Further reading==
* {{citation|ref=none |last=Forrest |first=George |authorlink=George William Forrest |year=1901 |chapter=The Duke of Wellington |title=Sepoy generals, Wellington to Roberts |location=Edinburgh and London |publisher=W. Blackwood |pages=[https://archive.org/stream/sepoygeneralswe00unkngoog#page/n92/mode/1up 67]–70}}
*{{citation|ref=none |first=James |last=Welsh|year=1830 |author-link=James Welsh (East India Company officer) |chapter=Ahmednugger |title=Military Reminiscences, from a Journal of nearly forty years' Active Service in the East Indies |edition=First edition in two volumes |volume=1 |publisher=Smith, Elder, and Company |location=London |pages=155–165 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/militaryreminisc01wels#page/154/mode/2up}}

{{coord missing|Maharashtra}}

[[Category:Forts in Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Ahmednagar]]

{{India-struct-stub}}