https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=PetrukPetruk - Revision history2026-10-27T09:13:21ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.43.6https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Petruk&diff=303016&oldid=prevImportMaster: robot: Add missing article in Category:Mahabharata2021-03-30T06:02:03Z<p>robot: Add missing article in <a href="/wiki/Category:Mahabharata" title="Category:Mahabharata">Category:Mahabharata</a></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{short description|Character in Javanese puppetry}}<br />
[[File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Papieren wayangpop voorstellende Petruk (kinderspeelgoed) TMnr 809-45b.jpg|thumb|Petruk as a shadow puppet (''[[wayang kulit]]'')]]<br />
'''Petruk''' is a character in traditional [[Javanese people|Javanese]] puppetry, or ''[[wayang]]''. He is one of the ''[[Punokawan]]'', four comedic figures common in the medium.<br />
<br />
==Depiction==<br />
Petruk is one of the four ''[[Punokawan]]'', together with [[Semar]] (the leader/father figure), [[Bagong]], and [[Gareng]]; Petruk acts as the middle child. They are portrayed living together as a harmonious family.{{sfn|Kresna|2012|pp=74–75}} The Punokawan, often referred to as clowns in English, provide comic relief in the stories they are in, but also serve to speak to the audience and convey ideas of the ''[[dhalang]]'' (puppeteer), including social criticism.{{sfn|Anderson|1978|p=296}}<br />
<br />
Petruk is depicted as having lengthy limbs and a long nose; his nose is generally considered his most distinctive feature.{{sfn|Hermawan|2013|p=61}} In ''wayang'' performances the ''dhalang'' generally provides a "warrior's voice" for Petruk, as opposed to the nasal voice used for his brothers.{{sfn|Kresna|2012|pp=74–75}} He is married to Dewi Ambarawati,{{sfn|Sudibyoprono|Suwandono|Dhanisworo|Mujiyono|1991|p=400}} whom he won the right to marry after defeating four other suitors in a vicious battle. Together they have a son, Lengkungkusuma.{{sfn|Sudibyoprono|Suwandono|Dhanisworo|Mujiyono|1991|p=400}}<br />
<br />
==Literary appearances==<br />
Petruk and the ''punokawan'', who are not present in the original Indian versions of the [[Mahabharata]], are thought to have been an original Javanese creation.{{sfn|Sudibyoprono|Suwandono|Dhanisworo|Mujiyono|1991|p=398}} The ''Batara Ismaya Krama'' details Petruk's origin as follows. He was originally a [[nobility|noble]] ''[[raksasa]]'' known as Bambang Pecruk Panyukilan. He was humorous yet quick to fight, enjoyed joking but a furious warrior. One day, he departed his home to test his strength. Meeting Bambang Sukakadi, he challenged the latter to fight. The two fought for an extended period of time, until ultimately their entire bodies were covered in bruises and both had lost their once-handsome appearances. The fight was only stopped after Bagong and Smarasanta came together with Semar; Semar ordered the fighting men to stop and join him as his students. Afterwards Bambang Pecruk Panyukilan became Petruk, whereas Bambang Sukakadi became Gareng.{{sfn|Sudibyoprono|Suwandono|Dhanisworo|Mujiyono|1991|pp=398–400}}<br />
<br />
During the [[Dutch East Indies|Dutch colonial period]], a ''wayang'' story entitled ''Petruk Dadi Ratu'' (''Petruk Becomes King'') arose as a veiled criticism of the Dutch colonial powers. In this story, Petruk (in the guise of Prabu Welgeduwelbeh) overthrows his brother Gareng to become king of Trancanggribig; he is ultimately overthrown by Bagong, until the kingdom is surrendered to the [[Pandawa]].{{sfn|Sudibyoprono|Suwandono|Dhanisworo|Mujiyono|1991|p=401}} Other contemporary stories exist as well. In ''Petruk Ilang Petele'' (''Petruk Loses His Axe''), Petruk loses his axe, whereas in ''Ambangun Candi Saptaharga'' a woman named Dewi Mustakaweni steals a sacred relic known as Kalimasada, after which Petruk steals it back.{{sfn|Sudibyoprono|Suwandono|Dhanisworo|Mujiyono|1991|p=401}}<br />
<br />
Petruk and the Punokawan can also be found in modern Indonesian literature. In [[Nano Riantiarno]]'s ''[[Semar Gugat]]'' (1995), for instance, Petruk appears as a son of Semar who abandons him after the latter loses his powers.{{sfn|Tejo 1995, Angin Litsus dari Semar}} Allusions to the character can be found in cartoons.{{sfn|Anderson|1978|p=296}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist|30em}}<br />
<br />
==Works cited==<br />
{{refbegin|40em}}<br />
*{{cite book<br />
|title=Political Power and Communications in Indonesia<br />
|chapter=Cartoons and Monuments: The Evolution of Political Communication under the New Order<br />
|last=Anderson<br />
|first=Benedict<br />
|editor1=Karl D Jackson<br />
|editor2=Lucian W Pye<br />
|publisher=University of California Press<br />
|location=Berkeley<br />
|isbn=978-0-520-03303-0<br />
|year=1978<br />
}}<br />
*{{cite book<br />
|last=Hermawan<br />
|first=Deny<br />
|title=Semar dan Kentut Kesayangannya<br />
|trans-title=Semar and His Beloved Flatulence<br />
|year=2013<br />
|publisher=Diva Press<br />
|language=Indonesian<br />
|location=Yogyakarta<br />
}}<br />
*{{cite book<br />
|last=Kresna<br />
|first=Ardian<br />
|title=Punakawan: Simbol Kerendahan Hati Orang Jawa<br />
|trans-title=The Punakawan: Symbol of the Humility of Javanese People<br />
|year=2012<br />
|publisher=Narasi<br />
|language=Indonesian<br />
|location=Yogyakarta<br />
}}<br />
*{{Cite book<br />
|first1=Rio<br />
|last1=Sudibyoprono<br />
|last2=Suwandono<br />
|last3=Dhanisworo<br />
|last4=Mujiyono<br />
|publisher=Balai Pustaka<br />
|title=Ensiklopedi Wayang Purwa<br />
|trans-title=Encyclopedia of Wayang Purwa<br />
|year=1991<br />
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eGzX9YS4LioC<br />
|location=Jakarta<br />
|isbn=978-979-407-341-4<br />
}}<br />
*{{cite news<br />
|title=Angin Litsus dari Semar<br />
|trans-title=Whirlwind from Semar<br />
|language=Indonesian<br />
|work=Kompas<br />
|date=26 November 1995<br />
|first=H Sujiwo<br />
|last=Tejo<br />
|ref={{sfnRef|Tejo 1995, Angin Litsus dari Semar}}<br />
<!-- available at http://www.library.ohiou.edu/indopubs/1995/11/26/0001.html or https://www.webcitation.org/6GtlIRFmr--><br />
}}<br />
{{refend}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Javanese mythology]]<br />
[[Category:Wayang]]</div>ImportMaster