Pepa (instrument) - Revision history

Smasher: improved article to improve readability and updated info

2024-10-01T12:57:55Z

improved article to improve readability and updated info

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:27, 1 October 2024
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	\| name = Pepa		\| name = Pepa
	\| image = Bihu dancer with a horn.jpg		\| image = Bihu dancer with a horn.jpg
	\| image_size =~~300 px~~		\| image_size =
	\| alt =		\| alt =
	\| caption = A [[Bihu]] dancer blowing a '''Pepa'''.		\| caption = A [[Bihu]] dancer blowing a '''Pepa'''.
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	\| articles =		\| articles =
	}}		}}

	[[File:Kaali instrument.jpg\|thumb\|Kaali musical instrument derived from Pepa]]		[[File:Kaali instrument.jpg\|thumb\|Kaali musical instrument derived from Pepa]]
			[[File:Sneng ស្នែង in front of water buffalo horn.jpg\|thumb\|Sneng, a musical instrument of Cambodia similar to Pepa]]
	The '''pepa''' ~~({{lang-as\|পেঁপা}})~~ is a [[Hornpipe (instrument)\|hornpipe]] [[musical instrument]] that is used in traditional music in [[Assam]], India. In [[Boro language (India)\|Boro language]], it is known as ''Phenpha''. It is usually made with the horn of a [[Domestic buffalo\|buffalo]].<ref>{{cite book\|author=Dilip Ranjan Barthakur\|title=The Music and Musical Instruments of North Eastern India\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oP4vH-4oSEcC&pg=PA116\|year=2003\|publisher=Mittal Publications\|isbn=978-81-7099-881-5\|pages=116–}}</ref>		The '''pepa''' is a [[Hornpipe (instrument)\|hornpipe]] [[musical instrument]] that is used in traditional music in [[Assam]], India. In [[Boro language (India)\|Boro language]], it is known as ''Phenpha''. It is usually made with the horn of a [[Domestic buffalo\|buffalo]].<ref>{{cite book\|author=Dilip Ranjan Barthakur\|title=The Music and Musical Instruments of North Eastern India\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oP4vH-4oSEcC&pg=PA116\|year=2003\|publisher=Mittal Publications\|isbn=978-81-7099-881-5\|pages=116–}}</ref>

	==Significance==		==Significance==
	"Pepa" is a hornpipe which has been used during Bihu celebrations since ancient times. ~~It was mostly blown by the [[Deori people\|Deori]] priests in olden times to imitate the music needed to summon [[Tian]] gods, much like the [[Shofar]] used by Jews.~~ Instruments similar to Pepa are also found among other [[Bodo-Kachari peoples\|Bodo-Kachari]] groups like [[Garo people\|Garo]],<ref>[http://megartsculture.gov.in/festivals-garo.htm Buffalo-horn is used as a music instrument among Garos]</ref><ref>[https://www.sahapedia.org/wangala-dance-garo-tribe Picture of a man playing a Garo Buffalo-horn]</ref> [[Tripuri people\|Tripuri]],<ref>[https://trci.tripura.gov.in/emuseum/object/adhuri/ Tripuri Horn Trumpet]</ref> [[Dimasa people\|Dimasa]],<ref>[https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/From-Terror-destination-to-Tourist-destination/article15796965.ece/photo/2/ Dimasa Muri trumpet]</ref> etc. The [[Tibetan people\|Tibetans]], [[Khmer people\|Khmers (Austroasiatic)]] and ancient Chinese also used similar instruments named ''Rwa-dun'' and ''[[Sneng]]'' for religious rituals. Later, it was used as a musical instrument for festive occasions like Bihu. An improved version of Pepa was also developed in the [[Chutiya kingdom \|Chutia kingdom]] which was known as Kaali(made of copper) as mentioned in Deodhai Buranji(where Ahom king Suhungmung brought in Kaali instruments from Sadiya to Sibsagar).<ref>Baruah~~, Swarnalata. ''Chutia Jaatir Buranji''.~~ 2007, p. 350.</ref>		"Pepa" is a hornpipe which has been used during Bihu celebrations since ancient times. Instruments similar to Pepa are also found among other [[Bodo-Kachari peoples\|Bodo-Kachari]] groups like [[Garo people\|Garo]],<ref>[http://megartsculture.gov.in/festivals-garo.htm Buffalo-horn is used as a music instrument among Garos]</ref><ref>[https://www.sahapedia.org/wangala-dance-garo-tribe Picture of a man playing a Garo Buffalo-horn]</ref> [[Tripuri people\|Tripuri]],<ref>[https://trci.tripura.gov.in/emuseum/object/adhuri/ Tripuri Horn Trumpet]</ref> [[Dimasa people\|Dimasa]],<ref>[https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/From-Terror-destination-to-Tourist-destination/article15796965.ece/photo/2/ Dimasa Muri trumpet]</ref> etc. The [[Tibetan people\|Tibetans]], [[Khmer people\|Khmers (Austroasiatic)]] and ancient Chinese also used similar instruments named ''Rwa-dun'' and ''[[Sneng]]'' for religious rituals. Later, it was used as a musical instrument for festive occasions like Bihu. An improved version of Pepa was also developed in the [[Chutiya kingdom \|Chutia kingdom]] which was known as Kaali (made of copper) as mentioned in Deodhai Buranji (where [[Ahom people\|Ahom]] king [[Suhungmung]] brought in Kaali instruments from [[Sadiya]] to [[Sibsagar]]).<ref>{{harvcol\|Baruah\|2007\|p=350}}</ref>

	As the buffalo population is dwindling gradually in Assam due to shrinking pastoral lands, getting a pepa is currently very difficult. Cost of a pepa in market has even reached ₹2500 in recent years.		As the buffalo population is dwindling gradually in Assam due to shrinking pastoral lands, getting a pepa is currently very difficult. Cost of a pepa in market has even reached ₹2500 in recent years.

			==Notes==
			{{reflist}}
	==References==		==References==
	{{~~Reflist~~}}		*{{cite book \|last=Baruah\|url=https://archive.org/details/chutiaburanji/mode/2up\|first=Swarnalata\|title=Chutia Jatir Buranji\|date=2007}}

	==See also==		==See also==
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	*[[Sneng]]		*[[Sneng]]

	~~[[Category:Woodwind instruments]]~~
	[[Category:Musical instruments of Assam]]		[[Category:Musical instruments of Assam]]
	[[Category:Hornpipes]]		[[Category:Hornpipes]]
	[[Category:Indian musical instruments]]		[[Category:Indian musical instruments]]
	[[Category:~~Provincial symbols of Arunachal Praant (India)~~]]		[[Category:Water buffalo]]

80.2.6.163 at 13:18, 18 May 2024

2024-05-18T13:18:56Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:48, 18 May 2024
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	==References==		==References==
	{{~~reflist~~}}		{{Reflist}}

	==See also==		==See also==
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	[[Category:Hornpipes]]		[[Category:Hornpipes]]
	[[Category:Indian musical instruments]]		[[Category:Indian musical instruments]]
			[[Category:Provincial symbols of Arunachal Praant (India)]]

imported>Homogenie at 16:18, 18 May 2021

2021-05-18T16:18:25Z

New page

{{Infobox instrument
| name = Pepa
| image = Bihu dancer with a horn.jpg
| image_size =300 px
| alt =
| caption = A [[Bihu]] dancer blowing a '''Pepa'''.
| background =
| names =
| classification =
| hornbostel_sachs =
| hornbostel_sachs_desc =
| inventors =
| developed =
| timbre =
| volume =
| attack =
| decay =
| range =
| pitch =
| related =
*''Gweh'' ([[Karen people]])
*''Koy'' (Thailand)
*''Kwai'' ([[Myanmar]])
*[[Sneng]] ([[Cambodia]])
*[[:ne:पुङ सिङ|Pung Sing]] Nepal
*[[:vi:Tơ đjếp|Tơ đjếp]] (Vietnam)
| musicians =
| builders =
| articles =
}}
[[File:Kaali instrument.jpg|thumb|Kaali musical instrument derived from Pepa]]

The '''pepa''' ({{lang-as|পেঁপা}}) is a [[Hornpipe (instrument)|hornpipe]] [[musical instrument]] that is used in traditional music in [[Assam]], India. In [[Boro language (India)|Boro language]], it is known as ''Phenpha''. It is usually made with the horn of a [[Domestic buffalo|buffalo]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Dilip Ranjan Barthakur|title=The Music and Musical Instruments of North Eastern India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oP4vH-4oSEcC&pg=PA116|year=2003|publisher=Mittal Publications|isbn=978-81-7099-881-5|pages=116–}}</ref>

==Significance==
"Pepa" is a hornpipe which has been used during Bihu celebrations since ancient times. It was mostly blown by the [[Deori people|Deori]] priests in olden times to imitate the music needed to summon [[Tian]] gods, much like the [[Shofar]] used by Jews. Instruments similar to Pepa are also found among other [[Bodo-Kachari peoples|Bodo-Kachari]] groups like [[Garo people|Garo]],<ref>[http://megartsculture.gov.in/festivals-garo.htm Buffalo-horn is used as a music instrument among Garos]</ref><ref>[https://www.sahapedia.org/wangala-dance-garo-tribe Picture of a man playing a Garo Buffalo-horn]</ref> [[Tripuri people|Tripuri]],<ref>[https://trci.tripura.gov.in/emuseum/object/adhuri/ Tripuri Horn Trumpet]</ref> [[Dimasa people|Dimasa]],<ref>[https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/From-Terror-destination-to-Tourist-destination/article15796965.ece/photo/2/ Dimasa Muri trumpet]</ref> etc. The [[Tibetan people|Tibetans]], [[Khmer people|Khmers (Austroasiatic)]] and ancient Chinese also used similar instruments named ''Rwa-dun'' and ''[[Sneng]]'' for religious rituals. Later, it was used as a musical instrument for festive occasions like Bihu. An improved version of Pepa was also developed in the [[Chutiya kingdom |Chutia kingdom]] which was known as Kaali(made of copper) as mentioned in Deodhai Buranji(where Ahom king Suhungmung brought in Kaali instruments from Sadiya to Sibsagar).<ref>Baruah, Swarnalata. ''Chutia Jaatir Buranji''. 2007, p. 350.</ref>

As the buffalo population is dwindling gradually in Assam due to shrinking pastoral lands, getting a pepa is currently very difficult. Cost of a pepa in market has even reached ₹2500 in recent years.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==See also==
*[[Culture of Assam]]
*[[Sneng]]

[[Category:Woodwind instruments]]
[[Category:Musical instruments of Assam]]
[[Category:Hornpipes]]
[[Category:Indian musical instruments]]