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{{Short description|Dravidian folk deity}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2020}}

{{Infobox deity
| type = Hindu
| image = Lord Pavadairayan - At Panrutti Angalamman Mayanakollai Festival..jpg
| caption = The deity at a festivity for Angalamman
| venerated_in = [[Dravidian folk religion]]
| region = [[Tamil Nadu]]
}}

'''Pavadairayan''' is a [[Dravidian folk religion|Dravidian folk]] and [[Hinduism|Hindu]] deity worshipped in rural [[Tamil Nadu]]. He is considered to be a [[Grāmadevatā|kaval deivam]], and best recognised for serving as a general for the deity [[Aiyanar]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Bastin |first=Rohan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WcbXDwAAQBAJ&dq=pavadairayan&pg=PA160 |title=The Domain of Constant Excess: Plural Worship at the Munnesvaram Temples in Sri Lanka |date=2002-12-01 |publisher=Berghahn Books |isbn=978-1-78920-367-7 |pages=160 |language=en}}</ref>

== Legend ==

The deity is associated with the myth of the ''Mayana Kollai'', where he accompanies Angala Parameshvari, an aspect of Parvati, to slay a demon that lurked in a cremation ground.<ref>{{Cite news |last=V |first=Sriram |date=2015-02-20 |title=The night of the dead |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/the-night-of-the-dead/article6916283.ece |access-date=2022-09-22 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

Pavadairayan is also often described to be a sea god who is venerated by adherents along with their adherence to mainstream [[Shaivism]].<ref>{{Cite book |last1=State) |first1=Madras (India |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zVm1AAAAIAAJ&q=pavadairayan+deity |title=Madras District Gazetteers |last2=Bahadur.) |first2=B. S. Baliga (Rao |date=1957 |publisher=Superintendent, Government Press |pages=133 |language=en}}</ref>

== Iconography ==
As a kaval deivam deity, the deity is usually placed outside the [[Garbhagriha|sannadhi]] of the central deity. Pavadairayan is unique in the fact that he is the only entity who has been portrayed sitting on the lap of Angala Parameshvari.

== Worship ==
As a village deity, Pavadairayan is worshipped mostly through stones and trees. In several Angala Parameswari's temples, Pavadairayan has a separate [[Garbhagriha|sannidhi]]. There are only a few temples dedicated to Pavadairayan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.yarl.com/forum3/topic/125127-%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81-%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D/|title=நடுகல் கூறும் தமிழரின் வாழ்வு நெறிகள்|website=கருத்துக்களம்|language=en-US|access-date=2018-06-07}}</ref>

According to local tradition, the place where Pavadairayan lived was called [[Rayampuram]] before being renamed Royapuram. The place where Pavadairayan served as a protector for Kali is Royapuram, at the Kalmandapam Angalaparameswari Amman Temple.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2014-02-27 |title=அருவமாகக் காட்சி தந்த அங்காளி |language=en-US |work=chinnuadhithya |url=https://chinnuadhithya.wordpress.com/2014/02/27/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF-%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4-%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%99/ |access-date=2018-06-07}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Village deities of Tamil Nadu]]
* [[Angala Devi|Angala Parameshvari]]
* [[Aiyanar]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.tamilheritage.org/thfcms/index.php/---village-deities/2011-08-06-07-48-47 கிராம தெய்வங்கள் / Village deities பாவாடை ராயன்] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923222621/http://www.tamilheritage.org/thfcms/index.php/---village-deities/2011-08-06-07-48-47 |date=23 September 2016 }}
* [https://senthilvayal.com/2010/01/21/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81-%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%95/comment-page-1/ பருதேசியப்பருக்கு பால் காவடி!]
* [[Angalaamman|Goddess Angalaparameswari Amman history]]
* [http://psssrf.org.in/usfullastro/pokar7000detail.aspx?id=5615 போகர் 7000 சப்த காண்டம் 5615 ஆம் பாடல்.]
* [http://www.yarl.com/forum3/topic/125127-%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81-%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D/ நடுகல் கூறும் தமிழரின் வாழ்வு நெறிகள்]
* [https://chinnuadhithya.wordpress.com/2014/02/27/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF-%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4-%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%99/ Rayanpuram became Royapuram.]
*[http://collections.peabody.yale.edu/search/Record/YPM-ANT-243420 Pavadairayan Statue at YALE PEABODY MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, USA!]

[[Category:Tamil deities]]
[[Category:Regional Hindu gods]]

Pavadairayan - Revision history

ImportMaster: robot: Create/update articles in Category:Hindu gods.