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	'''''Pattole Palame''''' is a ~~series~~ of Kodava folksongs first published in 1924.<ref>~~{{cite web\|title=See the Book Review for the Pattole Palame under the list of contents\|url=~~https://~~indianfolklore~~.org/~~journals~~/~~index~~.~~php/IFRJ/issue/view/20/show\|publisher=Indian Folklore Research Journal\|accessdate=1 December 2012}} {{Dead link\|date=April 2020 \|user=Moneytrees \|fix-attempted=yes }}~~</ref>		'''''Pattole Palame''''' is a compilation of Kodava folksongs first published in 1924.<ref>https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Pattole-Palame%3A-Kodava-Culture-Folksongs-and-Venkatesha/b3db492995b9d9b91d2db0134d942e1347403bcb Semantic Scholar. Retrieved 30 May 2022.</ref>

	[[File:~~India~~ Karnataka Kodagu ~~district~~.svg\|right\|thumb\|200px\|Kodagu: home of the Kodavas shown above in the map of Karnataka,India (in orange)]]		[[File:Karnataka Kodagu locator map.svg\|right\|thumb\|200px\|Kodagu: home of the Kodavas shown above in the map of Karnataka,India (in orange)]]

	==Contents==		==Contents==

	The book is of 556 pages and divided into six sections. The first is called the ''Kodagu vivarane'' (Description of [[Kodagu]]) and consists of the first 76 pages. It speaks mainly of Kodagu's history, mythical and political, and geography. The second section (pages 73–202) is called ''Kodavara paddathi'' ([[Kodava people\|Kodava customs]]) which speak of the ceremonies in the life of a Kodava from birth until death. ''Habbagalu'' (pages 203-298) is the name of the third section and it speaks of the [[Kodava people\|Kodava festivals]]. The fourth section ''Devatheyada Pattu'', gods' songs, from pages 269-403, consists of the songs of the village gods and goddesses. ''Goddess Kaveri, Seven Gods, Five Gods, Three Gods, Two Gods, Sarthavu (Aiyappa), Ketrappa (Kshetrapala), Pudiyodi (Bhagwathi)'' and others were the gods to whom these songs were dedicated. ''Keli Ponada Pattu'' (Songs of the well-known) forms the fifth section, pages from 404 to 502. It consists of ballads dedicated to ''Kanniyada Kamayya (also known as a folk song of Seven goddesses), Kaliatanda Ponnappa, Nadikerianda Devayya, Keyyondira Appayya, Aiyakovira Appayya and Poledevira Appayya'', who were folk heroes of Kodagu. ''Naana Tharada Vishayagalu'', from pages 503 to 556, forms the last section which consists of mainly sayings, proverbs and other matters.		The book is of 556 pages and divided into six sections. The first is called the ''Kodagu vivarane'' (Description of [[Kodagu]]) and consists of the first 76 pages. It speaks mainly of Kodagu's history, mythical and political, and geography. The second section (pages 73–202) is called ''Kodavara paddathi'' ([[Kodava people\|Kodava customs]]) which speak of the ceremonies in the life of a Kodava from birth until death. ''Habbagalu'' (pages 203-298) is the name of the third section and it speaks of the [[Kodava people\|Kodava festivals]]. The fourth section ''Devatheyada Pattu'', gods' songs, from pages 269-403, consists of the songs of the village gods and goddesses. ''Goddess Kaveri, Seven Gods, Five Gods, Three Gods, Two Gods, Sarthavu (Aiyappa), Ketrappa (Kshetrapala), Pudiyodi (Bhagwathi)'' and others were the gods to whom these songs were dedicated. ''Keli Ponada Pattu'' (Songs of the well-known) forms the fifth section, pages from 404 to 502. It consists of ballads dedicated to ''Kanniyada Kamayya (also known as a folk song of Seven goddesses), Kaliatanda Ponnappa, Nadikerianda Devayya, Keyyondira Appayya, Aiyakovira Appayya and Poledevira Appayya'', who were folk heroes of Kodagu. ''Naana Tharada Vishayagalu'', from pages 503 to 556, forms the last section which consists of mainly sayings, proverbs and other matters.<ref>{{cite web \|title=KODAVA REFERENCE BOOK ‘PATTOLE PALAME’ COMPLETES 100 YEARS – Kodavas \|url=http://www.kodavas.in/2022/01/14/kodava-reference-book-pattole-palame-completes-100-years/ \|website=Kodava.in \|access-date=30 May 2022}}</ref>

	==Modern usage==		==Modern usage==

	In the past, the village elders knew the traditional laws by heart and passed it on orally over the generations. In recent times the Pattole Palame has acted as a reference for Kodavas who sought the ancient law. One known example was when a couple had to be divorced. The law court referred to the Pattole Palame where they read about the 'Kallu-mara Kaipa' tradition and decided to have them separated (Biddappa 1996: viii). The elders of Kodava couples who marry outside Kodagu or even abroad refer to the Pattole Palame in order to follow the customs faithfully.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Book Details\|url=http://isbndb.com/d/book/pattole_palame.html\|publisher=ISBN Database\|accessdate=1 December 2012\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101011758/http://isbndb.com/d/book/pattole_palame.html\|archive-date=1 November 2013\|url-status=dead}}</ref>[[File:Kodavas.jpeg\|thumb\|right\|200px\|Kodava (Coorg) old man, with son and grandsons in 1875, by J. Forbes Watson (from NY public library)]]		In the past, the village elders knew the traditional laws by heart and passed it on orally over the generations. In recent times the Pattole Palame has acted as a reference for Kodavas who sought the ancient law. One known example was when a couple had to be divorced. The law court referred to the Pattole Palame where they read about the 'Kallu-mara Kaipa' tradition and decided to have them separated (Biddappa 1996: viii). The elders of Kodava couples who marry outside Kodagu or even abroad refer to the Pattole Palame in order to follow the customs faithfully.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Book Details\|url=http://isbndb.com/d/book/pattole_palame.html\|publisher=ISBN Database\|accessdate=1 December 2012\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101011758/http://isbndb.com/d/book/pattole_palame.html\|archive-date=1 November 2013\|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Dr Boverianda Nanjamma Chinnappa is Coorg Person 2006 \|url=http://www.coorgnews.in/dr-boverianda-nanjamma-chinnappa-coorg-person-year-2006/ \|website=Coorg News \|access-date=30 May 2022}}</ref>[[File:Kodavas.jpeg\|thumb\|right\|200px\|Kodava (Coorg) old man, with son and grandsons in 1875, by J. Forbes Watson (from NY public library)]]

	==Translation==		==Translation==

	The translators’ introduction explains: "Since the Kodava language does not have a script, he used the Kannada script that has been in vogue since the 17th century, when the Lingayat Rajas ruled Kodagu and Kannada was their court language." His son and daughter-in-law were both teachers. Their daughter Nanjamma and Chinnappa's daughter's son, also called Chinnappa, cross-cousins, got married.<ref name="It's story time, folks">{{cite web\|title=It's story time, folks\|url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2003/10/16/stories/2003101600630300.htm\|accessdate=1 December 2012\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101150058/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2003/10/16/stories/2003101600630300.htm\|archive-date=1 November 2013\|work=[[The Hindu]]\|date=2003-10-16\|url-status=dead}}</ref>		The translators’ introduction explains: "Since the Kodava language does not have a script, he used the Kannada script that has been in vogue since the 17th century, when the Lingayat Rajas ruled Kodagu and Kannada was their court language." His son and daughter-in-law were both teachers. Their daughter Nanjamma and Chinnappa's daughter's son, also called Chinnappa, cross-cousins, got married.<ref name="It's story time, folks">{{cite web\|title=It's story time, folks\|url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2003/10/16/stories/2003101600630300.htm\|accessdate=1 December 2012\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101150058/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2003/10/16/stories/2003101600630300.htm\|archive-date=1 November 2013\|work=[[The Hindu]]\|date=2003-10-16\|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|last1=Jose \|first1=Jijo \|title=Couple returns from Canada, seeks to preserve Kodava culture \|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bengaluru/2016/aug/30/Couple-returns-from-Canada-seeks-to-preserve-Kodava-culture-1514342.html \|access-date=30 May 2022 \|work=The New Indian Express \|date=30 August 2016}}</ref>

	==References==		==References==

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{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}}


'''''Pattole Palame''''' is a series of Kodava folksongs first published in 1924.<ref>{{cite web|title=See the Book Review for the Pattole Palame under the list of contents|url=https://indianfolklore.org/journals/index.php/IFRJ/issue/view/20/show|publisher=Indian Folklore Research Journal|accessdate=1 December 2012}} {{Dead link|date=April 2020 |user=Moneytrees |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

[[File:India Karnataka Kodagu district.svg|right|thumb|200px|Kodagu: home of the Kodavas shown above in the map of Karnataka,India (in orange)]]

==Contents==

The book is of 556 pages and divided into six sections. The first is called the ''Kodagu vivarane'' (Description of [[Kodagu]]) and consists of the first 76 pages. It speaks mainly of Kodagu's history, mythical and political, and geography. The second section (pages 73–202) is called ''Kodavara paddathi'' ([[Kodava people|Kodava customs]]) which speak of the ceremonies in the life of a Kodava from birth until death. ''Habbagalu'' (pages 203-298) is the name of the third section and it speaks of the [[Kodava people|Kodava festivals]]. The fourth section ''Devatheyada Pattu'', gods' songs, from pages 269-403, consists of the songs of the village gods and goddesses. ''Goddess Kaveri, Seven Gods, Five Gods, Three Gods, Two Gods, Sarthavu (Aiyappa), Ketrappa (Kshetrapala), Pudiyodi (Bhagwathi)'' and others were the gods to whom these songs were dedicated. ''Keli Ponada Pattu'' (Songs of the well-known) forms the fifth section, pages from 404 to 502. It consists of ballads dedicated to ''Kanniyada Kamayya (also known as a folk song of Seven goddesses), Kaliatanda Ponnappa, Nadikerianda Devayya, Keyyondira Appayya, Aiyakovira Appayya and Poledevira Appayya'', who were folk heroes of Kodagu. ''Naana Tharada Vishayagalu'', from pages 503 to 556, forms the last section which consists of mainly sayings, proverbs and other matters.

==Modern usage==

In the past, the village elders knew the traditional laws by heart and passed it on orally over the generations. In recent times the Pattole Palame has acted as a reference for Kodavas who sought the ancient law. One known example was when a couple had to be divorced. The law court referred to the Pattole Palame where they read about the 'Kallu-mara Kaipa' tradition and decided to have them separated (Biddappa 1996: viii). The elders of Kodava couples who marry outside Kodagu or even abroad refer to the Pattole Palame in order to follow the customs faithfully.<ref>{{cite web|title=Book Details|url=http://isbndb.com/d/book/pattole_palame.html|publisher=ISBN Database|accessdate=1 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101011758/http://isbndb.com/d/book/pattole_palame.html|archive-date=1 November 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>[[File:Kodavas.jpeg|thumb|right|200px|Kodava (Coorg) old man, with son and grandsons in 1875, by J. Forbes Watson (from NY public library)]]

==Translation==

The translators’ introduction explains: "Since the Kodava language does not have a script, he used the Kannada script that has been in vogue since the 17th century, when the Lingayat Rajas ruled Kodagu and Kannada was their court language." His son and daughter-in-law were both teachers. Their daughter Nanjamma and Chinnappa's daughter's son, also called Chinnappa, cross-cousins, got married.<ref name="It's story time, folks">{{cite web|title=It's story time, folks|url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2003/10/16/stories/2003101600630300.htm|accessdate=1 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101150058/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2003/10/16/stories/2003101600630300.htm|archive-date=1 November 2013|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=2003-10-16|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
Biddappa, Major Puggera P. ''Nadikerianda Chinnappa'' (in [[Kodava language|Kodava thakk]]), Bangalore, 1996.

[[Category:Kodava people]]
[[Category:Kodava Takk]]
[[Category:Indian literature]]
[[Category:Kodava literature]]
[[Category:Linguistic minorities]]
[[Category:Oral tradition]]
[[Category:Indian folklore]]
[[Category:Indian poetics]]

Pattole Palome - Revision history

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