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<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Indian imperial power that existed from 1763 to 1947}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2016}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}<br />
{{Infobox former country<br />
| flag_caption = [[Flag]]<br />
| image_coat = Crest of Patiala State.png<br />
| conventional_long_name = [[Maharaja of Patiala]]<br />
| common_name = Patiala<br />
| year_start = 1763<br />
| year_end = 1947<br />
| p1 = Mughal Empire<br />
| flag_p1 = <br />
| p2 = Durrani Empire<br />
| flag_p2 = <br />
| border_p1 = <br />
| s1 = East India Company<br />
| s2 = Sikh Empire<br />
| flag_s1 = <br />
| flag_s2 = <br />
| image_flag = Patiala flag.svg<br />
| flag_border = <br />
| image_map = <br />
| image_map_caption = Patiala State, greatest area in 1808 AD in green colour<br />
| capital = [[Patiala]]<br />
| religion = [[Sikh]]<br />
| common_languages = [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] (official)<br />
| government_type = [[Absolute monarchy]] (1763 - 1947)<br />
| title_leader = [[Maharaja]]<br />
| leader1 = [[Ala Singh|Ala Singh Jat]]<br />
| year_leader1 = 1707 - 1765<br />
| leader3 = [[Yadavindra Singh]]<br />
| year_leader3 = 1938 - 1947<br />
| title_deputy = <br />
| deputy1 = <br />
| year_deputy1 = <br />
| deputy2 = <br />
| year_deputy2 = <br />
| legislature = <br />
| currency = [[Rupee]] And [[Paisa]]<br />
| today = India<br />Pakistan<br />
| stat_year1 = 1881<br />
| stat_pop1 = 1,467,433<br />
| ref_pop1 = <ref name=Gazetteer(1908)_p42>{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/imperialgazettee20grea/page/42 |pages=40, 42 |title=Imperial gazetteer of India |volume=XX Pardi to Pusad |date=1908}}</ref><br />
| ref_pop2 = <ref name=Gazetteer(1908)_p42/><br />
| ref_pop3 = <ref name=Gazetteer(1908)_p42/><br />
| stat_year2 = 1891<br />
| stat_pop2 = 1,583,521<br />
| stat_year3 = 1901<br />
| stat_pop3 = 1,596,692<br />
<br />
| demonym = <br />
| area_km2 = 15.389<br />
| area_rank = <br />
| GDP_PPP = <br />
| GDP_PPP_year = <br />
| HDI = <br />
| HDI_year = <br />
| s3 = Sindh<br />
<br />
| p3 = Sindh<br />
| p4 = Bahawalpur<br />
| p5 = Ladakh<br />
| s4 = Republic of India}}<br />
'''Patiala State''' was a self-governing [[princely state]] of the [[British Empire in India]], and one of the [[Phulkian States]], that [[Instrument of Accession|acceded]] to the [[Dominion of India|Union of India]] upon [[Indian Independence Act 1947|Indian independence]] and [[Partition of India|partition]].<br />
<br />
== Etymology ==<br />
The state's name came from the name of its principal city and capital, [[Patiala]], which itself comes from the roots ''patti'' and ''ala''. The word ''patti'' means "strip of land" in [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]], and ''<nowiki/>'ala''<nowiki/>' comes from the name of the founder of the city and Patiala state, [[Ala Singh]], thus meaning ‘the land of Ala Singh’ <ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44145757|title="THE DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATION IN PATIALA DISTRICT (1948-2001): A GENDERED ANALYSIS"}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[File:1946 Political Subdivisions of India by National Geographic.jpg|thumb|left|260px|1946 map of India showing the various states; Patiala is found in the middle of eastern Punjab]]<br />
<br />
==Brief history==<br />
{{Part of History of India}}<br />
<!--{{HistoryOfSouthAsia}}--><br />
[[File:MotiBaghPalace.jpg|thumb|right|[[Moti Bagh Palace]], Patiala.]]<br />
<br />
[[File:PATIALA,QILLA MUBARAK.jpg|thumb|right|The main gate of the Qila Mubarak.]]<br />
[[Battle of Sirhind (1764)|In 1763, the Sikh confederation captured the fortress of Sirhind]] <br />
[[File:Bhupendra Singh Patiala.jpg|right|thumb|[[Maharaja Bhupinder Singh]] of Patiala]]<br />
<br />
===Rulers===<br />
[[File:Mahendra Singh of Patiala.jpg|right|thumb|[[Mahendra Singh of Patiala|Maharaja Mahendra Singh of Patiala]].]]<br />
[[File:Portrait of Sir Rajinder Singh Maharaja of Patiala.jpg|right|thumb|[[Rajinder Singh of Patiala|Maharaja Rajinder Singh]] of Patiala]]<br />
The rulers of Patiala bore the title '[[Maharaja]]-e Rajgan' from 1810 onward.{{cn|date=August 2021}}<br />
====Maharajas====<br />
*29 Mar 1761 – 22 August 1765: Ala Singh (b. 1691 – d. 1765)<br />
*22 Aug 1765 – 1767: Amar Singh (b. 1748 – d. 1781)<br />
<br />
====Raja-e Rajgan====<br />
*1767 – 5 February 1781: Amar Singh (s.a.)<br />
*Feb 1781 – 1810: Sahib Singh (b. 1774 – d. 1813)<br />
<br />
====Maharaja-e Rajgan====<br />
*1810 – 26 March 1813: Sahib Singh (s. a.)<br />
*26 Mar 1813 – 23 December 1845: Karam Singh (b. 1797 – d. 1845)<br />
**26 Mar 1813 – 1823: Maharani Aus Kaur (f) – Regent (b. 1772 – d. af.1823)<br />
*23 Dec 1845 – 13 November 1862: Narendra Singh (b. 1823 – d. 1862) (from 25 June 1861 Sir Narendra Singh)<br />
*13 Nov 1862 – 14 April 1876: [[Mahendra Singh of Patiala|Mahendra Singh]] (b. 1852 – d. 1876) (from 28 May 1870 Sir Mahendra Singh)<br />
**13 Nov 1862 – 26 February 1870: Jagdish Singh (Regent, chairman of regency council)<br />
*14 Apr 1876 – 9 November 1900: [[Rajinder Singh of Patiala|Rajinder Singh]] (b. 1872 – d. 1900) (from 21 May 1898 Sir Rajendra Singh)<br />
**14 April 1876 – Oct 1890: Sir Deva Singh (Regent) (b. 1834 – d. 1890) (chairman of regency council)<br />
*9 November 1900 – 23 March 1938: [[Bhupinder Singh of Patiala|Bhupinder Singh]] (b. 1891 – d. 1938) (from 12 December 1911 Sir Bhupindra Singh)<br />
**9 November 1900 – 3 November 1910: Sardar Gurmukh Singh – (Regent, chairman of regency council)<br />
*23 Mar 1938 – 15 August 1947: [[Yadavindra Singh]] (b. 1913 – d. 1974) (from 1 January 1942 Sir Yadavindra Singh)<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[Maharaja of Patiala]]<br />
*[[Patiala State Monorail Trainways]]<br />
* [[Political integration of India]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
== Further reading ==<br />
*{{citation |url=https://www.livehistoryindia.com/living-history/2019/02/15/hitlers-gift-to-the-maharaja-of-patiala |title=Hitler's Gift to The Maharaja of Patiala |first1=Akshay |last1=Chavan |work=Live History India |date=15 February 2019 }}<br />
*{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q0ZpAgAAQBAJ&q=Patiala+State&pg=PA232 |title=When Sparrows Became Hawks: The Making of the Sikh Warrior Tradition, 1699-1799 |first1=Purnima |last1=Dhavan |date=2011 |isbn= 978-0199756551 |publisher=Oxford University Press (US)}}<br />
*{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RqrLk9tkloMC&q=Patiala+State&pg=PA253 |title=Managing and Transforming Water Conflicts |first1=Jerome Delli |last1=Priscoli |first2=Aaron T.|last2=Wolf |publisher=Cambridge University Press |date= 2010 |isbn=978-0521632164}}<br />
<br />
{{Princely states of India}}<br />
{{Princely states of the Punjab and Simla Hills}}<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
{{Coord|31|07|N|77|38|E|region:IN_type:landmark_source:kolossus-svwiki|display=title}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Princely states of Punjab]]<br />
[[Category:Patiala]]<br />
[[Category:History of Punjab, India]]<br />
[[Category:1763 establishments in India]]<br />
[[Category:1947 disestablishments in India]]</div>->Arjayay