Pather Panchali (novel) - Revision history

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	==Plot==		==Plot==
	Horihor Ray, ~~not a very well-to-do~~ [[Brahmin]], lives in the village of Nischindipur. Indir Thakrun, an old widowed woman, who had nobody to look after her, takes shelter in the house of Horihor to whom she is distantly related. ~~But~~ Horihor's wife Shorbojoya, an ill-tempered lady, cannot bear the sight of the old woman. She is therefore given a tumble-down thatched hut to live in. However, Durga, Shorbojoya's six-year-old daughter, is very fond of Indir Thakrun and stays with her for hours to listen to fairy-tales.<ref name="George1993">{{cite book\|editor-last=George\|editor-first=K. M.\|editor-link=K. M. George (writer)\|title=Modern Indian Literature: an Anthology: Fiction\|volume=~~Vol.~~ 2\|year=1993\|publisher=Sahitya Akademi\|location=New Delhi\|isbn=81-7201-506-2\|~~page~~=112–113}}</ref>		Horihor Ray, an impoverished [[Brahmin]], lives in the village of Nischindipur. Indir Thakrun, an old widowed woman, who had nobody to look after her, takes shelter in the house of Horihor, to whom she is distantly related. Horihor's wife Shorbojoya, an ill-tempered lady, cannot bear the sight of the old woman. She is therefore given a tumble-down thatched hut to live in. However, Durga, Shorbojoya's six-year-old daughter, is very fond of Indir Thakrun and stays with her for hours to listen to fairy-tales.<ref name="George1993">{{cite book\|editor-last=George\|editor-first=K. M.\|editor-link=K. M. George (writer)\|title=Modern Indian Literature: an Anthology: Fiction\|volume=2\|year=1993\|publisher=Sahitya Akademi\|location=New Delhi\|isbn=81-7201-506-2\|pages=112–113}}</ref>

	After some time a son ~~is born to Shorbojoya~~. Shorbojoya is jealous of Indir Thakrun as she thinks that Durga is more fond of the old woman than of her mother. So Indir Thakrun is mercilessly turned out of the hut for a trifling reason. The helpless old woman implores for shelter in her dying moments but she is heartlessly refused ~~and so~~ she ~~breathes her last breaths~~ in a [[Rice barn\|rice-barn]].<ref name="George1993"/>		After some time, Shorbojoya gives birth to a son. Shorbojoya is jealous of Indir Thakrun as she thinks that Durga is more fond of the old woman than of her mother. Indir Thakrun is mercilessly turned out of the hut for a trifling reason. The helpless old woman implores for shelter in her dying moments but she is heartlessly refused; she passes away in a [[Rice barn\|rice-barn]].<ref name="George1993"/>

	Four or five years later, the boy Apu grows up to be very inquisitive and sensitive to the beauty and mystery of nature. He and his sister Durga are always out for some new adventures like roaming through the forests, taking part in indigenous games and plucking flowers and fruits stealthily. Apu is admitted into the village school where many village elders assemble and talk on diverse subjects. Apu is taken by his father to a client's house. It is the first time that Apu gets a glimpse of the outside world which fills his mind with joy and excitement. The village festivity, the fair, and the ''Jatra'' performance, all bring variety and thrill to the monotonous flow of village life. Durga, so restless, yet so innocent, dies suddenly, plunging the whole family into grief and leaving her little brother all alone. Horihor leaves home for a long period and struggles desperately to earn a livelihood. After returning home he decides to leave Nischindipur. They pack up and go to the railway station. As the train steams in, they board the train leaving behind Nischindipur forever with its many sweet and sour memories.<ref name="George1993"/>		Four or five years later, the boy named Apu grows up to be very inquisitive and sensitive to the beauty and mystery of nature. He and his elder sister Durga are always out for some new adventures like roaming through the forests, taking part in indigenous games and plucking flowers and fruits stealthily. Apu is admitted into the village school where many village elders assemble and talk on diverse subjects. Apu is taken by his father to a client's house. It is the first time that Apu gets a glimpse of the outside world which fills his mind with joy and excitement. The village festivity, the fair, and the ''Jatra'' performance, all bring variety and thrill to the monotonous flow of village life. Durga, restless yet innocent, dies suddenly, plunging the whole family into grief and leaving her little brother all alone. Horihor leaves home for a long period and struggles desperately to earn a livelihood. After returning home he decides to leave Nischindipur. They pack up and go to the railway station. As the train steams in, they board the train leaving behind Nischindipur forever with its many sweet and sour memories.<ref name="George1993"/>

	== Translations ==		== Translations ==

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{{Short description|Book by Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2017}}
{{Infobox book | 
| name = Pather Panchali
| title_orig = পথের পাঁচালী
| translator =
| image =
| caption =
| author = [[Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay]]
| illustrator =
| cover_artist =
| country = India
| language = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]
| series = Bichitra
| subject =
| genre = [[Bildungsroman]], tragedy, family drama
| publisher = Ranjan Prakashalay, [[Bengali calendar|BY]] 1336,
| release_date = [[Bengali calendar|BY]] 1336, CE [[1929 in literature|1929]]
| english_release_date =
| media_type =
| pages =
| isbn =
| preceded_by =
| followed_by = Aparajito
}}

'''''Pather Panchali''''' ({{lang-bn| পথের পাঁচালী}}, Pôther Pãchali; {{trans|'''''Song of the Little Road'''''}}<ref>''Pather Panchali'', Oxford University Press, {{ISBN|0-19-565709-8}}</ref>) is a 1929 [[novel]] written by [[Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay]] and was later adapted into a 1955 [[Pather Panchali (film)|film of the same name]] by [[Satyajit Ray]]. Considered to be one of the greatest literary works describing rural life, ''Pather Panchali'' deals with the life of the Roy family, both in their ancestral village in rural [[Bengal]] and later when they move to [[Varanasi]] in search of a better life, as well as the anguish and loss they face during their travels.

==History==
It first appeared as a [[Serial (literature)|serial]] in a [[Calcutta]] periodical in 1928<ref>{{cite book|last=Robinson|authorlink=W. Andrew Robinson|first=Andrew|title=Satyajit Ray: The Inner Eye|url=https://archive.org/details/satyajitrayinner00robi_0|url-access=registration|year=1989|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-06946-6|page=[https://archive.org/details/satyajitrayinner00robi_0/page/74 74]}}</ref> and was published as a book the next year;<ref>{{cite book |last=Sekhar |first=Saumitra |year=2012 |chapter=Pather Panchali |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Pather_Panchali |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref> it was the [[Debut novel|first published novel]] written by the author.<ref>{{cite book|title=Encyclopaedia of Indian literature|volume=1|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|year=1987|page=365|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ObFCT5_taSgC&dq=bibhutibhushan&pg=PA364|isbn=81-260-1803-8|accessdate=2008-11-27}}</ref> It was followed in 1932 by a sequel ''[[Aparajito]]'', which was adapted into a 1956 [[Aparajito|film of the same name]] by Satyajit Ray.

==Plot==
Horihor Ray, not a very well-to-do [[Brahmin]], lives in the village of Nischindipur. Indir Thakrun, an old widowed woman, who had nobody to look after her, takes shelter in the house of Horihor to whom she is distantly related. But Horihor's wife Shorbojoya, an ill-tempered lady, cannot bear the sight of the old woman. She is therefore given a tumble-down thatched hut to live in. However, Durga, Shorbojoya's six-year-old daughter, is very fond of Indir Thakrun and stays with her for hours to listen to fairy-tales.<ref name="George1993">{{cite book|editor-last=George|editor-first=K. M.|editor-link=K. M. George (writer)|title=Modern Indian Literature: an Anthology: Fiction|volume=Vol. 2|year=1993|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|location=New Delhi|isbn=81-7201-506-2|page=112–113}}</ref>

After some time a son is born to Shorbojoya. Shorbojoya is jealous of Indir Thakrun as she thinks that Durga is more fond of the old woman than of her mother. So Indir Thakrun is mercilessly turned out of the hut for a trifling reason. The helpless old woman implores for shelter in her dying moments but she is heartlessly refused and so she breathes her last breaths in a [[Rice barn|rice-barn]].<ref name="George1993"/>

Four or five years later, the boy Apu grows up to be very inquisitive and sensitive to the beauty and mystery of nature. He and his sister Durga are always out for some new adventures like roaming through the forests, taking part in indigenous games and plucking flowers and fruits stealthily. Apu is admitted into the village school where many village elders assemble and talk on diverse subjects. Apu is taken by his father to a client's house. It is the first time that Apu gets a glimpse of the outside world which fills his mind with joy and excitement. The village festivity, the fair, and the ''Jatra'' performance, all bring variety and thrill to the monotonous flow of village life. Durga, so restless, yet so innocent, dies suddenly, plunging the whole family into grief and leaving her little brother all alone. Horihor leaves home for a long period and struggles desperately to earn a livelihood. After returning home he decides to leave Nischindipur. They pack up and go to the railway station. As the train steams in, they board the train leaving behind Nischindipur forever with its many sweet and sour memories.<ref name="George1993"/>

== Translations ==
''Pather Panchali'' was translated first to Telugu under the same name by Maddipatla Suri in 1960 and published. It was translated to Sinhalese under the name ''Mawathe Geethaya'' ([[Sinhala language|Sinhala]]) by [[Chintha Lakshmi Sinhaarachchi]] and published in 1986.<ref>{{cite book|title=Mawathe Geethaya|others=Chintha Lakshmi Sinhaarachchi (trans.)|publisher=Wijesooriya Grantha Kendraya|year=2003|isbn=978-955-652-027-9}}</ref> This was immensely popular in Sri Lanka and was followed by the translations of the other two books of the Apu trilogy by the same translator.

'Pather Panchali' was translated into Malayalam under the name, 'Pather Panchali - Paathayuday Sangeetham' by Mr. M. K. N. Potty, which was first published in April 2009 by Green Books Pvt Ltd., Trichur, Kerala.

An English translation by T.W. Clark and Tarapada Mukherji was published in 1968<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unesco.org/culture/lit/rep/pop.php?fnc=record&lng=en_GB&record=5563 |title=Pather Panchali. Song of the Road |publisher=Allen & Unwin - UNESCO (and Indiana University Press, Bloomington and London) |date= |accessdate=2015-09-13}}</ref> by Indiana University Press as part of the [[UNESCO Collection of Representative Works]], and an abridged translation by K. Roy and Margaret Chatterjee followed in 1976.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unesco.org/culture/lit/rep/pop.php?fnc=record&lng=en_GB&record=5562 |title=Pather Panchali. A Bengali Novel |publisher=Unesco.org |date= |accessdate=2012-08-03}}</ref>

An adaptation for radio by Tanika Gupta was broadcast on BBC Radio 4 on 24 February & 3 March 2013 as a "Classic Serial".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01qx0cg|title=Pather Panchali--Song of the Road|publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation|accessdate=3 March 2013}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{Google books|id=8ifsDAAAQBAJ}} (Bengali)
* {{Google books|id=tFsrAAAAMAAJ}} (English translation)

{{UNESCO Collection}}
{{Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay}}

[[Category:1929 novels]]
[[Category:Novels set in Varanasi]]
[[Category:Novels set in Bengal]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian novels]]
[[Category:Indian Bengali-language novels]]
[[Category:Novels by Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay]]