Pathare Prabhu - Revision history

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	[[File:Pathare Prabhu man (19th century).png\|thumb\|Pathare Prabhu middle-class man of nineteenth century.]]		[[File:Pathare Prabhu man (19th century).png\|thumb\|Pathare Prabhu middle-class man of nineteenth century.]]

	'''Pathare Prabhu''' is one of the [[Hindu]] communities in the city of [[Mumbai]] ~~(formerly known as Bombay)~~.		'''Pathare Prabhu''' is one of the [[Hindu]] communities in the city of [[Mumbai]].

	==Introduction==		==Introduction==

	~~Members of this community are one of the original settlers in [[Mumbai]] - they migrated from [[Gujarat]] [[Saurashtra (region)\|(Saurashtra)]] during the 13th century.~~		The Pathare Prabhus and the [[Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu]]s (CKP) are considered sister communities, both being part of the 'Prabhu castes'.<ref>{{cite book \| title = Urban leadership in Western India: politics and communities in Bombay city, 1840-1885 \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2eYhAAAAMAAJ&q=sister \| author=Christine E. Dobbin\| year=1972 \|page= 225\|isbn = 978-0-19-821841-8\|quote=Not only were the Pathare prabhus aware for the need for self help. In 1876 the members of their sister community, the Chandraseniya Kayasth Prabhus, began to organize themselves.}}</ref>
	~~They mostly live in Mumbai city and its suburbs.~~		Both Pathare Prabhu and CKP follow the [[Advaita Vedanta]] [[Smarta]] tradition of Hinduism propounded by [[Adi Shankara]].<ref>{{cite book \| title = The Castes, Tribes and Culture of India \| author = K.P.Bahadur, Sukhdev Singh Chib \| page= 161\| publisher=ESS Publications\|year=1981\| quote= pg 161: The Kayastha Prabhus...The creed mostly accepted by them is that of the advaita school of Shankaracharya, though they also worship Vishnu, Ganapati and other gods. ...Most of the Pathare Prabhus are the followers of smart sect who adopt the teachings of Shankaracharya}}</ref>
	~~They usually speak Marathi. However, the older generation spoke the Parabhai dialect, which is a combination of [[Gujarati language\|Gujarati]] and [[Marathi language\|Marathi]].~~ The Pathare Prabhus ~~are believed to be descendants of Solar~~ and ~~Lunar Dynasties. They are placed in~~ the [[~~Kshatriya~~]] ~~[[Varna~~ (~~Hinduism~~)~~\|varna]]~~.<ref>{{cite book \| title = ~~People of~~ India: A - G.~~, Volume 4 \| page~~ = ~~2813~~ \| author = ~~K.S~~. ~~Singh~~ \| ~~publisher~~ = ~~Oxford Univ. Press~~ \| ~~year~~ = ~~1998~~ \| isbn = ~~0195633547~~\|quote=~~PATHARE PRABHU One of~~ the ~~original settlers of the Island City of Mumbai, they migrated from Saurashtra in Gujarat during~~ the ~~13th century~~. ~~They are distributed only in~~ the ~~Mumbai city and its suburbs in Maharashtra. They are Kshatriya who speak Marathi. However~~, the ~~people of older generation still speak the Parabhai dialect~~, ~~which is an admixture of Gujarati and Marathi languages, among~~ themselves.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book \| title = ~~Rare Gems: A Non-vegetarian Gourmet Collection from Maharashtra~~ \| author = ~~Āditya Mehendale~~ \| page= 79\| publisher=~~Om Books International~~\| quote= The ~~pathare prabhus~~ are ~~believed to be descendents~~ of the ~~King Ashwapati who reigned in Nepal~~}}</ref>

	~~The Pathare Prabhus and~~ the [[~~Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu~~]]~~s ([[~~CKP~~]]s)~~ are considered ~~sister communities, both being part~~ of the '~~Prabhu~~ castes'.<ref>{{cite ~~book~~ \| title = ~~Urban leadership in Western India: politics and communities in Bombay city~~, ~~1840~~-~~1885~~ \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=~~2eYhAAAAMAAJ~~&q=~~sister~~ \| ~~author~~=~~Christine E~~. ~~Dobbin~~\| year=~~1972 \|page= 225\|isbn = 978-0-19-821841-8~~\|quote=~~Not only were~~ the Pathare ~~prabhus aware for the need for self help. In 1876 the members of their sister community, the Chandraseniya Kayasth~~ Prabhus~~, began to organize themselves~~.~~}}</ref>~~		Along with all the [[Maharashtrian Brahmin]] castes and the CKP, they are considered one of the 'high' or 'elite' castes of Maharashtra.<ref>{{cite journal \| title = The American Economic Review - Volume 96, Issues 3-4 \|page = 1228 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RC6yAAAAIAAJ&q=pathare\|publisher = Nashville, Tenn. American Economic Association \| year=2006 \|quote= High castes include all the Brahmin jatis, as well as a few other elite jatis (CKP and Pathare Prabhus).Low castes include formerly untouchable castes (Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes as defined by the government of India). Middle castes are drawn mostly from the cultivator jatis, such as the Marathas and the Kunbis, as well as other traditional vocations that were not considered to be untouchable.}}</ref>
	~~However~~, ~~the Pathare Prabhu followed the [[Smartha]] tradition of Hinduism whereas the [[CKP]] followed the [[Advaita Vedanta]] tradition propounded~~ by ~~[[Adi Shankara]],~~ the ~~first [[Shankaracharya]].<ref>{{cite book \| title = The Castes, Tribes and Culture~~ of India ~~\| author = K~~.~~P.Bahadur, Sukhdev Singh Chib \| page= 161\| publisher=ESS Publications\|year=1981\| quote= pg 161: The Kayastha Prabhus...The creed~~ mostly ~~accepted by them is that of~~ the ~~advaita school of Shankaracharya~~, ~~though they also worship Vishnu~~, ~~Ganapati and~~ other ~~gods~~. ~~...Most of the Pathare Prabhus are the followers of smart sect who adopt the teachings of Shankaracharya~~}}</ref>

	Along with all the [[Maharashtrian Brahmin]] castes and the [[CKP]], they are considered one of the 'high' or 'elite' castes of Maharashtra.<ref>{{cite journal \| title = The American Economic Review - Volume 96, Issues 3-4 \|page = 1228 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RC6yAAAAIAAJ&q=pathare\|publisher = Nashville, Tenn. American Economic Association \| year=2006 \|quote= High castes include all the Brahmin jatis, as well as a few other elite jatis (CKP and Pathare Prabhus).Low castes include formerly untouchable and backward castes (Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Other Backward Castes, as defined by the government of India). Medium castes are drawn mostly from the cultivator jatis, such as the Marathas and the Kunbis, as well as other traditional vocations that were not considered to be ritually impure.}}</ref>		The Pathare Prabhu, in the 19th century would to refer to Mumbai (then known as Bombay) as 'Desh' (country). They formed the "Union Club" under which were the five primary collectives of [[Girgaon]], [[Mazagaon]], [[Parel]], [[Mahim]] and [[Worli]]. In 1887, they held a meeting at the "Desh" level in which it was decided to stop inviting "naikins" (dancers) to sing at the [[Upanayana]] (thread ceremonies or "munja") and marriage celebrations. Historians cite an incident where a Pathare Prabhu member who broke this rule two years later was socially outcast by the community. He sued for defamation but the British Court ruled against him.<ref>{{cite book\|title=The Making of History: Essays Presented to Irfan Habib (Anthem South Asian Studies)\|year=2002\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ejrBraqBaLQC&pg=PA197\|publisher=Anthem Press\|page=197\|isbn=9781843310389\|editor1=Utsa Patnaik\|editor2=Terence J. Byres\|editor3=K. N. Panikkar}}</ref>

	The Pathare Prabhu, in the 19th century would to refer to [[Bombay]] as 'Desh' (country). They formed the "~~Kshatriya~~ Union Club" under which were the five primary collectives of [[Girgaon]], [[Mazagaon]], [[Parel]], [[Mahim]] and [[Worli]]. In 1887, they held a meeting at the "Desh" level in which it was decided to stop inviting "naikins" (dancers) to sing at the [[Upanayana]] (thread ceremonies or "munja") and marriage celebrations. Historians cite an incident where a Pathare Prabhu member who broke this rule two years later was socially outcast by the community. He sued for defamation but the British Court ruled against him.<ref>{{cite book\|title=The Making of History: Essays Presented to Irfan Habib (Anthem South Asian Studies)\|year=2002\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ejrBraqBaLQC&pg=PA197\|publisher=Anthem Press\|page=197\|isbn=9781843310389\|editor1=Utsa Patnaik\|editor2=Terence J. Byres\|editor3=K. N. Panikkar}}</ref>

	==Notable people==		==Notable people==
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	*[[M. V. Dhurandhar\|Mahadev Vishwanath Dhurandhar]] - Well known Indian painter and artist.<ref>Pratap Velkar (1997). Pathare Prabuncha Itihasa, Shrividya prakashan, page 456</ref>		*[[M. V. Dhurandhar\|Mahadev Vishwanath Dhurandhar]] - Well known Indian painter and artist.<ref>Pratap Velkar (1997). Pathare Prabuncha Itihasa, Shrividya prakashan, page 456</ref>
	*[[Kanhoba Ranchoddas Kirtikar]] - Notable botanist, surgeon and Marathi poet.<ref>Pratap Velkar (1997). Pathare Prabuncha Itihasa, Shrividya prakashan, page 445</ref>		*[[Kanhoba Ranchoddas Kirtikar]] - Notable botanist, surgeon and Marathi poet.<ref>Pratap Velkar (1997). Pathare Prabuncha Itihasa, Shrividya prakashan, page 445</ref>
	*[[M. R. Jayakar\|Mukund Ramarao Jayakar]] - First vice chancellor of the [[University of Pune]].<ref>{{cite book\|title=The Myth of the Lokamanya: Tilak and Mass Politics in Maharashtra\|publisher=University of California Press\|url=https://archive.org/details/mythoflokamanya00rich\|url-access=registration\|page=[https://archive.org/details/mythoflokamanya00rich/page/190 190]\|author=Richard I. Cashman\|year=1975\|quote=Although more at home in the cosmopolitan center of Bombay, and a member of the Council of the Bombay Presidency Association, the Pathare Prabhu lawyer, Mukund Ramrao Jayakar (1873-1959), expressed the typical response}}</ref>		*[[M. R. Jayakar\|Mukund Ramarao Jayakar]] - First vice chancellor of the [[University of Pune]].<ref>{{cite book\|title=The Myth of the Lokamanya: Tilak and Mass Politics in Maharashtra\|publisher=University of California Press\|url=https://archive.org/details/mythoflokamanya00rich\|url-access=registration\|page=[https://archive.org/details/mythoflokamanya00rich/page/190 190]\|author=Richard I. Cashman\|year=1975\|isbn=9780520024076 \|quote=Although more at home in the cosmopolitan center of Bombay, and a member of the Council of the Bombay Presidency Association, the Pathare Prabhu lawyer, Mukund Ramrao Jayakar (1873-1959), expressed the typical response}}</ref>

	== See also ==		== See also ==

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← Older revision		Revision as of 01:09, 4 December 2021
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	Members of this community are one of the original settlers in [[Mumbai]] - they migrated from [[Gujarat]] [[Saurashtra (region)\|(Saurashtra)]] during the 13th century.		Members of this community are one of the original settlers in [[Mumbai]] - they migrated from [[Gujarat]] [[Saurashtra (region)\|(Saurashtra)]] during the 13th century.
	They mostly live in Mumbai city and its suburbs.		They mostly live in Mumbai city and its suburbs.
	They usually speak Marathi. However, the older generation spoke the Parabhai dialect, which is a combination of [[Gujarati language\|Gujarati]] and [[Marathi language\|Marathi]]. The Pathare Prabhus are believed to be descendants of Lunar ~~Dynasty~~. They are placed in the [[Kshatriya]] [[Varna (Hinduism)\|varna]].<ref>{{cite book \| title = People of India: A - G., Volume 4 \| page = 2813 \| author = K.S. Singh \| publisher = Oxford Univ. Press \| year = 1998 \| isbn = 0195633547\|quote=PATHARE PRABHU One of the original settlers of the Island City of Mumbai, they migrated from Saurashtra in Gujarat during the 13th century. They are distributed only in the Mumbai city and its suburbs in Maharashtra. They are Kshatriya who speak Marathi. However, the people of older generation still speak the Parabhai dialect, which is an admixture of Gujarati and Marathi languages, among themselves.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book \| title = Rare Gems: A Non-vegetarian Gourmet Collection from Maharashtra \| author = Āditya Mehendale \| page= 79\| publisher=Om Books International\| quote= The pathare prabhus are believed to be descendents of the King Ashwapati who reigned in Nepal}}</ref>		They usually speak Marathi. However, the older generation spoke the Parabhai dialect, which is a combination of [[Gujarati language\|Gujarati]] and [[Marathi language\|Marathi]]. The Pathare Prabhus are believed to be descendants of Solar and Lunar Dynasties. They are placed in the [[Kshatriya]] [[Varna (Hinduism)\|varna]].<ref>{{cite book \| title = People of India: A - G., Volume 4 \| page = 2813 \| author = K.S. Singh \| publisher = Oxford Univ. Press \| year = 1998 \| isbn = 0195633547\|quote=PATHARE PRABHU One of the original settlers of the Island City of Mumbai, they migrated from Saurashtra in Gujarat during the 13th century. They are distributed only in the Mumbai city and its suburbs in Maharashtra. They are Kshatriya who speak Marathi. However, the people of older generation still speak the Parabhai dialect, which is an admixture of Gujarati and Marathi languages, among themselves.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book \| title = Rare Gems: A Non-vegetarian Gourmet Collection from Maharashtra \| author = Āditya Mehendale \| page= 79\| publisher=Om Books International\| quote= The pathare prabhus are believed to be descendents of the King Ashwapati who reigned in Nepal}}</ref>

	The Pathare Prabhus and the [[Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu]]s ([[CKP]]s) are considered sister communities, both being part of the 'Prabhu castes'.<ref>{{cite book \| title = Urban leadership in Western India: politics and communities in Bombay city, 1840-1885 \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2eYhAAAAMAAJ~~&dq=Pathare+Reform+Association&focus=searchwithinvolume~~&q=sister \| author=Christine E. Dobbin\| year=1972 \|page= 225\|quote=Not only were the Pathare prabhus aware for the need for self help. In 1876 the members of their sister community, the Chandraseniya ~~Kyasth~~ Prabhus, began to organize themselves.}}</ref>		The Pathare Prabhus and the [[Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu]]s ([[CKP]]s) are considered sister communities, both being part of the 'Prabhu castes'.<ref>{{cite book \| title = Urban leadership in Western India: politics and communities in Bombay city, 1840-1885 \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2eYhAAAAMAAJ&q=sister \| author=Christine E. Dobbin\| year=1972 \|page= 225\|isbn = 978-0-19-821841-8\|quote=Not only were the Pathare prabhus aware for the need for self help. In 1876 the members of their sister community, the Chandraseniya Kayasth Prabhus, began to organize themselves.}}</ref>
	However, the Pathare Prabhu followed the [[Smartha]] tradition of Hinduism whereas the [[CKP]] followed the [[Advaita Vedanta]] tradition propounded by [[Adi Shankara]], the first [[Shankaracharya]].<ref>{{cite book \| title = The Castes, Tribes and Culture of India \| author = K.P.Bahadur, Sukhdev Singh Chib \| page= 161\| publisher=ESS Publications\|year=1981\| quote= pg 161: The Kayastha Prabhus...The creed mostly accepted by them is that of the advaita school of Shankaracharya, though they also worship Vishnu, Ganapati and other gods. ...Most of the Pathare Prabhus are the followers of smart sect who adopt the teachings of Shankaracharya}}</ref>		However, the Pathare Prabhu followed the [[Smartha]] tradition of Hinduism whereas the [[CKP]] followed the [[Advaita Vedanta]] tradition propounded by [[Adi Shankara]], the first [[Shankaracharya]].<ref>{{cite book \| title = The Castes, Tribes and Culture of India \| author = K.P.Bahadur, Sukhdev Singh Chib \| page= 161\| publisher=ESS Publications\|year=1981\| quote= pg 161: The Kayastha Prabhus...The creed mostly accepted by them is that of the advaita school of Shankaracharya, though they also worship Vishnu, Ganapati and other gods. ...Most of the Pathare Prabhus are the followers of smart sect who adopt the teachings of Shankaracharya}}</ref>

	Along with all the [[Maharashtrian Brahmin]] castes and the [[CKP]], they are considered one of the 'high' or 'elite' castes of Maharashtra.<ref>{{cite journal \| title = The American Economic Review - Volume 96, Issues 3-4 \|page = 1228 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RC6yAAAAIAAJ~~&focus=searchwithinvolume~~&q=pathare\|publisher = Nashville, Tenn. American Economic Association \| year=2006 \|quote= High castes include all the Brahmin jatis, as well as a few other elite jatis (CKP and Pathare Prabhus).Low castes include formerly untouchable and backward castes (Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Other Backward Castes, as defined by the government of India). Medium castes are drawn mostly from the cultivator jatis, such as the Marathas and the Kunbis, as well as other traditional vocations that were not considered to be ritually impure.}}</ref>		Along with all the [[Maharashtrian Brahmin]] castes and the [[CKP]], they are considered one of the 'high' or 'elite' castes of Maharashtra.<ref>{{cite journal \| title = The American Economic Review - Volume 96, Issues 3-4 \|page = 1228 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RC6yAAAAIAAJ&q=pathare\|publisher = Nashville, Tenn. American Economic Association \| year=2006 \|quote= High castes include all the Brahmin jatis, as well as a few other elite jatis (CKP and Pathare Prabhus).Low castes include formerly untouchable and backward castes (Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Other Backward Castes, as defined by the government of India). Medium castes are drawn mostly from the cultivator jatis, such as the Marathas and the Kunbis, as well as other traditional vocations that were not considered to be ritually impure.}}</ref>

	The Pathare Prabhu, in the 19th century would to refer to [[Bombay]] as 'Desh' (country). They formed the "Kshatriya Union Club" under which were the five primary collectives of [[Girgaon]], [[Mazagaon]], [[Parel]], [[Mahim]] and [[Worli]]. In 1887, they held a meeting at the "Desh" level in which it was decided to stop inviting "naikins" (dancers) to sing at the [[Upanayana]] (thread ceremonies or "munja") and marriage celebrations. Historians cite an incident where a Pathare Prabhu member who broke this rule two years later was socially outcast by the community. He sued for defamation but the British Court ruled against him.<ref>{{cite book\|title=The Making of History: Essays Presented to Irfan Habib (Anthem South Asian Studies)\|year=2002\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ejrBraqBaLQC&pg=PA197~~#v=onepage&q&f=false~~\|publisher=Anthem Press\|page=197\|editor1=Utsa Patnaik\|editor2=Terence J. Byres\|editor3=K. N. Panikkar}}</ref>		The Pathare Prabhu, in the 19th century would to refer to [[Bombay]] as 'Desh' (country). They formed the "Kshatriya Union Club" under which were the five primary collectives of [[Girgaon]], [[Mazagaon]], [[Parel]], [[Mahim]] and [[Worli]]. In 1887, they held a meeting at the "Desh" level in which it was decided to stop inviting "naikins" (dancers) to sing at the [[Upanayana]] (thread ceremonies or "munja") and marriage celebrations. Historians cite an incident where a Pathare Prabhu member who broke this rule two years later was socially outcast by the community. He sued for defamation but the British Court ruled against him.<ref>{{cite book\|title=The Making of History: Essays Presented to Irfan Habib (Anthem South Asian Studies)\|year=2002\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ejrBraqBaLQC&pg=PA197\|publisher=Anthem Press\|page=197\|isbn=9781843310389\|editor1=Utsa Patnaik\|editor2=Terence J. Byres\|editor3=K. N. Panikkar}}</ref>

	==Notable people==		==Notable people==
	*[[Moroba Kanhoba]] – 19th century writer and social reformer (women's rights advocate), author of the famous Marathi novel "Ghashiram Kotwal". His highly publicized marriage to a widow ended in a tragedy after the couple was found dead within a year of the marriage.<ref>{{cite book\|title=Indian Writing in English: Tradition and Modernity\|author1=Kanupriya \|author2=Amar Nath Prasad\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HvhTI1GGIo8C&pg=PA168~~#v=onepage&q&f=false~~\|quote=Moroba Kanhoba Vijaykar's novel Ghashiram Kotwal appeared in 1873. Ghashiram is not an imaginative character of literature.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book\|title=Crossing Thresholds: Feminist Essays in Social History\|page=350\|year=2007\|quote= Perhaps the most highly publicized was the ill-fated marriage of Moroba Kanhoba Vijaykar, one of the earliest members of the Society, in 1870. It resulted in the family's excommunication by his Pathare Prabhu caste, despite reformist support. But most unfortunate was the tragedy that struck before a year was over. The newly-weds were found dead in the neighbouring...}}</ref>		*[[Moroba Kanhoba]] – 19th century writer and social reformer (women's rights advocate), author of the famous Marathi novel "Ghashiram Kotwal". His highly publicized marriage to a widow ended in a tragedy after the couple was found dead within a year of the marriage.<ref>{{cite book\|title=Indian Writing in English: Tradition and Modernity\|author1=Kanupriya \|author2=Amar Nath Prasad\|year=2006 \|isbn=9788176257176 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HvhTI1GGIo8C&pg=PA168\|quote=Moroba Kanhoba Vijaykar's novel Ghashiram Kotwal appeared in 1873. Ghashiram is not an imaginative character of literature.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book\|title=Crossing Thresholds: Feminist Essays in Social History\|page=350\|year=2007\|quote= Perhaps the most highly publicized was the ill-fated marriage of Moroba Kanhoba Vijaykar, one of the earliest members of the Society, in 1870. It resulted in the family's excommunication by his Pathare Prabhu caste, despite reformist support. But most unfortunate was the tragedy that struck before a year was over. The newly-weds were found dead in the neighbouring...}}</ref>
	*[[Shivkar Bapuji Talpade]] – A Vedic Scholar famous for flying ~~a plane~~ in 1895 in [[Bombay]]<ref>{{Cite web\|url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/A-flight-over-Chowpatty-that-made-history/pmredirectshow/890055.cms?curpg=2\|title = A flight over Chowpatty that made history\|date = 18 October 2004\|accessdate = 3 February 2015\|website = The Times of India\|quote=Talpade belonged to the Pathare Prabhu community, one of the founder of Mumbai}}</ref>		*[[Shivkar Bapuji Talpade]] – A Vedic Scholar famous for flying an unmanned heavier-than-air aircraft in 1895 in [[Bombay]]<ref>{{Cite web\|url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/A-flight-over-Chowpatty-that-made-history/pmredirectshow/890055.cms?curpg=2\|title = A flight over Chowpatty that made history\|date = 18 October 2004\|accessdate = 3 February 2015\|website = The Times of India\|quote=Talpade belonged to the Pathare Prabhu community, one of the founder of Mumbai}}</ref>
	*[[Atmaram Sadashiv Jayakar]] - Notable zoologist, physician, naturalist and explorer. Best known for his scientific study on animals and medical surveys of Oman. He described some unknown species like [[Arabitragus jayakari]], [[Hippocampus jayakari]] and [[Omanosaura jayakari]], all named after him. He also studied the Omani dialect of Arabic.<ref>Omani Proverbs, Oleander Press, 1987, page 1-7</ref>		*[[Atmaram Sadashiv Jayakar]] - Notable zoologist, physician, naturalist and explorer. Best known for his scientific study on animals and medical surveys of Oman. He described some unknown species like [[Arabitragus jayakari]], [[Hippocampus jayakari]] and [[Omanosaura jayakari]], all named after him. He also studied the Omani dialect of Arabic.<ref>Omani Proverbs, Oleander Press, 1987, page 1-7</ref>
	*[[M. V. Dhurandhar\|Mahadev Vishwanath Dhurandhar]] - Well known Indian painter and artist.<ref>Pratap Velkar (1997). Pathare Prabuncha Itihasa, Shrividya prakashan, page 456</ref>		*[[M. V. Dhurandhar\|Mahadev Vishwanath Dhurandhar]] - Well known Indian painter and artist.<ref>Pratap Velkar (1997). Pathare Prabuncha Itihasa, Shrividya prakashan, page 456</ref>

imported>Buidhe: Disambiguating links to Varna (link changed to Varna (Hinduism)) using DisamAssist.

2021-04-17T06:52:34Z

Disambiguating links to Varna (link changed to Varna (Hinduism)) using DisamAssist.

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{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}}

[[File:Pathare Prabhu man (19th century).png|thumb|Pathare Prabhu middle-class man of nineteenth century.]]

'''Pathare Prabhu''' is one of the [[Hindu]] communities in the city of [[Mumbai]] (formerly known as Bombay).

==Introduction==

Members of this community are one of the original settlers in [[Mumbai]] - they migrated from [[Gujarat]] [[Saurashtra (region)|(Saurashtra)]] during the 13th century.
They mostly live in Mumbai city and its suburbs.
They usually speak Marathi. However, the older generation spoke the Parabhai dialect, which is a combination of [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] and [[Marathi language|Marathi]]. The Pathare Prabhus are believed to be descendants of Lunar Dynasty. They are placed in the [[Kshatriya]] [[Varna (Hinduism)|varna]].<ref>{{cite book | title = People of India: A - G., Volume 4 | page = 2813 | author = K.S. Singh | publisher = Oxford Univ. Press | year = 1998 | isbn = 0195633547|quote=PATHARE PRABHU One of the original settlers of the Island City of Mumbai, they migrated from Saurashtra in Gujarat during the 13th century. They are distributed only in the Mumbai city and its suburbs in Maharashtra. They are Kshatriya who speak Marathi. However, the people of older generation still speak the Parabhai dialect, which is an admixture of Gujarati and Marathi languages, among themselves.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | title = Rare Gems: A Non-vegetarian Gourmet Collection from Maharashtra | author = Āditya Mehendale | page= 79| publisher=Om Books International| quote= The pathare prabhus are believed to be descendents of the King Ashwapati who reigned in Nepal}}</ref>

The Pathare Prabhus and the [[Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu]]s ([[CKP]]s) are considered sister communities, both being part of the 'Prabhu castes'.<ref>{{cite book | title = Urban leadership in Western India: politics and communities in Bombay city, 1840-1885 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2eYhAAAAMAAJ&dq=Pathare+Reform+Association&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=sister | author=Christine E. Dobbin| year=1972 |page= 225|quote=Not only were the Pathare prabhus aware for the need for self help. In 1876 the members of their sister community, the Chandraseniya Kyasth Prabhus, began to organize themselves.}}</ref>
However, the Pathare Prabhu followed the [[Smartha]] tradition of Hinduism whereas the [[CKP]] followed the [[Advaita Vedanta]] tradition propounded by [[Adi Shankara]], the first [[Shankaracharya]].<ref>{{cite book | title = The Castes, Tribes and Culture of India | author = K.P.Bahadur, Sukhdev Singh Chib | page= 161| publisher=ESS Publications|year=1981| quote= pg 161: The Kayastha Prabhus...The creed mostly accepted by them is that of the advaita school of Shankaracharya, though they also worship Vishnu, Ganapati and other gods. ...Most of the Pathare Prabhus are the followers of smart sect who adopt the teachings of Shankaracharya}}</ref>

Along with all the [[Maharashtrian Brahmin]] castes and the [[CKP]], they are considered one of the 'high' or 'elite' castes of Maharashtra.<ref>{{cite journal | title = The American Economic Review - Volume 96, Issues 3-4 |page = 1228 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RC6yAAAAIAAJ&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=pathare|publisher = Nashville, Tenn. American Economic Association | year=2006 |quote= High castes include all the Brahmin jatis, as well as a few other elite jatis (CKP and Pathare Prabhus).Low castes include formerly untouchable and backward castes (Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Other Backward Castes, as defined by the government of India). Medium castes are drawn mostly from the cultivator jatis, such as the Marathas and the Kunbis, as well as other traditional vocations that were not considered to be ritually impure.}}</ref>

The Pathare Prabhu, in the 19th century would to refer to [[Bombay]] as 'Desh' (country). They formed the "Kshatriya Union Club" under which were the five primary collectives of [[Girgaon]], [[Mazagaon]], [[Parel]], [[Mahim]] and [[Worli]]. In 1887, they held a meeting at the "Desh" level in which it was decided to stop inviting "naikins" (dancers) to sing at the [[Upanayana]] (thread ceremonies or "munja") and marriage celebrations. Historians cite an incident where a Pathare Prabhu member who broke this rule two years later was socially outcast by the community. He sued for defamation but the British Court ruled against him.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Making of History: Essays Presented to Irfan Habib (Anthem South Asian Studies)|year=2002|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ejrBraqBaLQC&pg=PA197#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Anthem Press|page=197|editor1=Utsa Patnaik|editor2=Terence J. Byres|editor3=K. N. Panikkar}}</ref>

==Notable people==
*[[Moroba Kanhoba]] – 19th century writer and social reformer (women's rights advocate), author of the famous Marathi novel "Ghashiram Kotwal". His highly publicized marriage to a widow ended in a tragedy after the couple was found dead within a year of the marriage.<ref>{{cite book|title=Indian Writing in English: Tradition and Modernity|author1=Kanupriya |author2=Amar Nath Prasad|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HvhTI1GGIo8C&pg=PA168#v=onepage&q&f=false|quote=Moroba Kanhoba Vijaykar's novel Ghashiram Kotwal appeared in 1873. Ghashiram is not an imaginative character of literature.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Crossing Thresholds: Feminist Essays in Social History|page=350|year=2007|quote= Perhaps the most highly publicized was the ill-fated marriage of Moroba Kanhoba Vijaykar, one of the earliest members of the Society, in 1870. It resulted in the family's excommunication by his Pathare Prabhu caste, despite reformist support. But most unfortunate was the tragedy that struck before a year was over. The newly-weds were found dead in the neighbouring...}}</ref>
*[[Shivkar Bapuji Talpade]] – A Vedic Scholar famous for flying a plane in 1895 in [[Bombay]]<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/A-flight-over-Chowpatty-that-made-history/pmredirectshow/890055.cms?curpg=2|title = A flight over Chowpatty that made history|date = 18 October 2004|accessdate = 3 February 2015|website = The Times of India|quote=Talpade belonged to the Pathare Prabhu community, one of the founder of Mumbai}}</ref>
*[[Atmaram Sadashiv Jayakar]] - Notable zoologist, physician, naturalist and explorer. Best known for his scientific study on animals and medical surveys of Oman. He described some unknown species like [[Arabitragus jayakari]], [[Hippocampus jayakari]] and [[Omanosaura jayakari]], all named after him. He also studied the Omani dialect of Arabic.<ref>Omani Proverbs, Oleander Press, 1987, page 1-7</ref>
*[[M. V. Dhurandhar|Mahadev Vishwanath Dhurandhar]] - Well known Indian painter and artist.<ref>Pratap Velkar (1997). Pathare Prabuncha Itihasa, Shrividya prakashan, page 456</ref>
*[[Kanhoba Ranchoddas Kirtikar]] - Notable botanist, surgeon and Marathi poet.<ref>Pratap Velkar (1997). Pathare Prabuncha Itihasa, Shrividya prakashan, page 445</ref>
*[[M. R. Jayakar|Mukund Ramarao Jayakar]] - First vice chancellor of the [[University of Pune]].<ref>{{cite book|title=The Myth of the Lokamanya: Tilak and Mass Politics in Maharashtra|publisher=University of California Press|url=https://archive.org/details/mythoflokamanya00rich|url-access=registration|page=[https://archive.org/details/mythoflokamanya00rich/page/190 190]|author=Richard I. Cashman|year=1975|quote=Although more at home in the cosmopolitan center of Bombay, and a member of the Council of the Bombay Presidency Association, the Pathare Prabhu lawyer, Mukund Ramrao Jayakar (1873-1959), expressed the typical response}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Pathare Prabhu (Kanchole)]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{commons category|Pathare Prabhu}}
* [http://www.pathareprabhu.org The Pathare Prabhu Community Website]
* [http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00generallinks/blavatsky/06brahmanic.html An interesting description of pathare prabhu culture as experienced by Helena Blavatsky in the 18th century.]

[[Category:Indian castes]]
[[Category:Hinduism in Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Religion in Mumbai]]
[[Category:Social groups of Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Social groups of Goa]]
[[Category:History of Mumbai]]
[[Category:Prabhu Communities of Maharashtra]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:39, 22 March 2026
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	==Introduction==		==Introduction==

	The Pathare Prabhus and the [[Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu]]s (CKP) are considered sister communities, both being part of the 'Prabhu caste'.~~<~~ref~~>~~{{cite book \| title = Urban leadership in Western India: politics and communities in Bombay city, 1840-1885 \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2eYhAAAAMAAJ&q=sister \| author=Christine E. Dobbin\| year=1972 \|page= 225\|isbn = 978-0-19-821841-8\|quote=Not only were the Pathare prabhus aware for the need for self help. In 1876 the members of their sister community, the Chandraseniya Kayasth Prabhus, began to organize themselves.}}~~<~~/ref~~>~~		The Pathare Prabhus and the [[Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu]]s (CKP) are considered sister communities, both being part of the 'Prabhu caste'.<ref>{{cite book \| title = Urban leadership in Western India: politics and communities in Bombay city, 1840-1885 \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2eYhAAAAMAAJ&q=sister \| author=Christine E. Dobbin\| year=1972 \|page= 225\|isbn = 978-0-19-821841-8\|quote=Not only were the Pathare prabhus aware for the need for self help. In 1876 the members of their sister community, the Chandraseniya Kayasth Prabhus, began to organize themselves.}}</ref>
	Both Pathare Prabhu and CKP follow the [[Advaita Vedanta]] [[Smarta]] tradition of Hinduism propounded by [[Adi Shankara]].~~<~~ref~~>~~{{cite book \| title = The Castes, Tribes and Culture of India \| author = K.P.Bahadur, Sukhdev Singh Chib \| page= 161\| publisher=ESS Publications\|year=1981\| quote= pg 161: The Kayastha Prabhus...The creed mostly accepted by them is that of the advaita school of Shankaracharya, though they also worship Vishnu, Ganapati and other gods. ...Most of the Pathare Prabhus are the followers of smart sect who adopt the teachings of Shankaracharya}}~~<~~/ref~~>~~		Both Pathare Prabhu and CKP follow the [[Advaita Vedanta]] [[Smarta]] tradition of Hinduism propounded by [[Adi Shankara]].<ref>{{cite book \| title = The Castes, Tribes and Culture of India \| author = K.P.Bahadur, Sukhdev Singh Chib \| page= 161\| publisher=ESS Publications\|year=1981\| quote= pg 161: The Kayastha Prabhus...The creed mostly accepted by them is that of the advaita school of Shankaracharya, though they also worship Vishnu, Ganapati and other gods. ...Most of the Pathare Prabhus are the followers of smart sect who adopt the teachings of Shankaracharya}}</ref>

	Along with all the [[Maharashtrian Brahmin]] castes and the CKP, they are considered one of the 'high' or 'elite' castes of [[Maharashtra]].~~<~~ref~~>~~{{cite journal \| title = The American Economic Review - Volume 96, Issues 3-4 \|page = 1228 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RC6yAAAAIAAJ&q=pathare\|publisher = Nashville, Tenn. American Economic Association \| year=2006 \|quote= High castes include all the Brahmin jatis, as well as a few other elite jatis (CKP and Pathare Prabhus).Low castes include formerly untouchable castes (Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes as defined by the government of India). Middle castes are drawn mostly from the cultivator jatis, such as the Marathas and the Kunbis, as well as other traditional vocations that were not considered to be untouchable.}}~~<~~/ref~~>~~		Along with all the [[Maharashtrian Brahmin]] castes and the CKP, they are considered one of the 'high' or 'elite' castes of [[Maharashtra]].<ref>{{cite journal \| title = The American Economic Review - Volume 96, Issues 3-4 \|page = 1228 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RC6yAAAAIAAJ&q=pathare\|publisher = Nashville, Tenn. American Economic Association \| year=2006 \|quote= High castes include all the Brahmin jatis, as well as a few other elite jatis (CKP and Pathare Prabhus).Low castes include formerly untouchable castes (Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes as defined by the government of India). Middle castes are drawn mostly from the cultivator jatis, such as the Marathas and the Kunbis, as well as other traditional vocations that were not considered to be untouchable.}}</ref>

	The Pathare Prabhu, in the 19th century would refer to Mumbai (then known as Bombay) as 'Desh' (country). They formed the "Union Club" under which were the five primary collectives of [[Girgaon]], [[Mazagaon]], [[Parel]], [[Mahim]] and [[Worli]]. In 1887, they held a meeting at the "Desh" level in which it was decided to stop inviting "naikins" (dancers) to sing at the [[Upanayana]] (thread ceremonies or "munja") and marriage celebrations. Historians cite an incident where a Pathare Prabhu member who broke this rule two years later was socially outcast by the community. He sued for defamation but the British Court ruled against him.~~<~~ref~~>~~{{cite book\|title=The Making of History: Essays Presented to Irfan Habib (Anthem South Asian Studies)\|year=2002\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ejrBraqBaLQC&pg=PA197\|publisher=Anthem Press\|page=197\|isbn=9781843310389\|editor1=Utsa Patnaik\|editor2=Terence J. Byres\|editor3=K. N. Panikkar}}~~<~~/ref~~>~~		The Pathare Prabhu, in the 19th century would refer to Mumbai (then known as Bombay) as 'Desh' (country). They formed the "Union Club" under which were the five primary collectives of [[Girgaon]], [[Mazagaon]], [[Parel]], [[Mahim]] and [[Worli]]. In 1887, they held a meeting at the "Desh" level in which it was decided to stop inviting "naikins" (dancers) to sing at the [[Upanayana]] (thread ceremonies or "munja") and marriage celebrations. Historians cite an incident where a Pathare Prabhu member who broke this rule two years later was socially outcast by the community. He sued for defamation but the British Court ruled against him.<ref>{{cite book\|title=The Making of History: Essays Presented to Irfan Habib (Anthem South Asian Studies)\|year=2002\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ejrBraqBaLQC&pg=PA197\|publisher=Anthem Press\|page=197\|isbn=9781843310389\|editor1=Utsa Patnaik\|editor2=Terence J. Byres\|editor3=K. N. Panikkar}}</ref>

	==Notable people==		==Notable people==
	*[[Moroba Kanhoba]] – 19th century writer and social reformer (women's rights advocate), author of the famous Marathi novel "Ghashiram Kotwal". His highly publicized marriage to a widow ended in a tragedy after the couple was found dead within a year of the marriage.~~<~~ref~~>~~{{cite book\|title=Indian Writing in English: Tradition and Modernity\|author1=Kanupriya \|author2=Amar Nath Prasad\|year=2006 \|isbn=9788176257176 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HvhTI1GGIo8C&pg=PA168\|quote=Moroba Kanhoba Vijaykar's novel Ghashiram Kotwal appeared in 1873. Ghashiram is not an imaginative character of literature.}}~~<~~/ref~~><~~ref~~>~~{{cite book\|title=Crossing Thresholds: Feminist Essays in Social History\|page=350\|year=2007\|quote= Perhaps the most highly publicized was the ill-fated marriage of Moroba Kanhoba Vijaykar, one of the earliest members of the Society, in 1870. It resulted in the family's excommunication by his Pathare Prabhu caste, despite reformist support. But most unfortunate was the tragedy that struck before a year was over. The newly-weds were found dead in the neighbouring...}}~~<~~/ref~~>~~		*[[Moroba Kanhoba]] – 19th century writer and social reformer (women's rights advocate), author of the famous Marathi novel "Ghashiram Kotwal". His highly publicized marriage to a widow ended in a tragedy after the couple was found dead within a year of the marriage.<ref>{{cite book\|title=Indian Writing in English: Tradition and Modernity\|author1=Kanupriya \|author2=Amar Nath Prasad\|year=2006 \|isbn=9788176257176 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HvhTI1GGIo8C&pg=PA168\|quote=Moroba Kanhoba Vijaykar's novel Ghashiram Kotwal appeared in 1873. Ghashiram is not an imaginative character of literature.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book\|title=Crossing Thresholds: Feminist Essays in Social History\|page=350\|year=2007\|quote= Perhaps the most highly publicized was the ill-fated marriage of Moroba Kanhoba Vijaykar, one of the earliest members of the Society, in 1870. It resulted in the family's excommunication by his Pathare Prabhu caste, despite reformist support. But most unfortunate was the tragedy that struck before a year was over. The newly-weds were found dead in the neighbouring...}}</ref>
	*[[Shivkar Bapuji Talpade]] – allegedly flew an unmanned heavier-than-air aircraft in 1895, this [[Hindutva pseudohistory\|pseudohistorical claim was made by Hindu nationalists]].~~<~~ref~~>~~{{Cite web\|url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/A-flight-over-Chowpatty-that-made-history/pmredirectshow/890055.cms?curpg=2\|title = A flight over Chowpatty that made history\|date = 18 October 2004\|accessdate = 3 February 2015\|website = The Times of India\|quote=Talpade belonged to the Pathare Prabhu community, one of the founder of Mumbai}}~~<~~/ref~~>~~		*[[Shivkar Bapuji Talpade]] – allegedly flew an unmanned heavier-than-air aircraft in 1895, this [[Hindutva pseudohistory\|pseudohistorical claim was made by Hindu nationalists]].<ref>{{Cite web\|url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/A-flight-over-Chowpatty-that-made-history/pmredirectshow/890055.cms?curpg=2\|title = A flight over Chowpatty that made history\|date = 18 October 2004\|accessdate = 3 February 2015\|website = The Times of India\|quote=Talpade belonged to the Pathare Prabhu community, one of the founder of Mumbai}}</ref>
	*[[Atmaram Sadashiv Jayakar]] – Notable zoologist, physician, naturalist and explorer. Best known for his scientific study on animals and medical surveys of Oman. He described some unknown species like [[Arabitragus jayakari]], [[Hippocampus jayakari]] and [[Omanosaura jayakari]], all named after him. He also studied the Omani dialect of Arabic.~~<~~ref~~>~~Omani Proverbs, Oleander Press, 1987, page 1-7~~<~~/ref~~>~~		*[[Atmaram Sadashiv Jayakar]] – Notable zoologist, physician, naturalist and explorer. Best known for his scientific study on animals and medical surveys of Oman. He described some unknown species like [[Arabitragus jayakari]], [[Hippocampus jayakari]] and [[Omanosaura jayakari]], all named after him. He also studied the Omani dialect of Arabic.<ref>Omani Proverbs, Oleander Press, 1987, page 1-7</ref>
	*[[M. V. Dhurandhar\|Mahadev Vishwanath Dhurandhar]] – Well known Indian painter and artist.~~<~~ref~~>~~Pratap Velkar (1997). Pathare Prabuncha Itihasa, Shrividya prakashan, page 456~~<~~/ref~~>~~		*[[M. V. Dhurandhar\|Mahadev Vishwanath Dhurandhar]] – Well known Indian painter and artist.<ref>Pratap Velkar (1997). Pathare Prabuncha Itihasa, Shrividya prakashan, page 456</ref>
	*[[Kanhoba Ranchoddas Kirtikar]] – Notable botanist, surgeon and Marathi poet.~~<~~ref~~>~~Pratap Velkar (1997). Pathare Prabuncha Itihasa, Shrividya prakashan, page 445~~<~~/ref~~>~~		*[[Kanhoba Ranchoddas Kirtikar]] – Notable botanist, surgeon and Marathi poet.<ref>Pratap Velkar (1997). Pathare Prabuncha Itihasa, Shrividya prakashan, page 445</ref>
	*[[M. R. Jayakar\|Mukund Ramarao Jayakar]] – First vice chancellor of the [[University of Pune]].~~<~~ref~~>~~{{cite book\|title=The Myth of the Lokamanya: Tilak and Mass Politics in Maharashtra\|publisher=University of California Press\|url=https://archive.org/details/mythoflokamanya00rich\|url-access=registration\|page=[https://archive.org/details/mythoflokamanya00rich/page/190 190]\|author=Richard I. Cashman\|year=1975\|isbn=9780520024076 \|quote=Although more at home in the cosmopolitan center of Bombay, and a member of the Council of the Bombay Presidency Association, the Pathare Prabhu lawyer, Mukund Ramrao Jayakar (1873-1959), expressed the typical response}}~~<~~/ref~~>~~		*[[M. R. Jayakar\|Mukund Ramarao Jayakar]] – First vice chancellor of the [[University of Pune]].<ref>{{cite book\|title=The Myth of the Lokamanya: Tilak and Mass Politics in Maharashtra\|publisher=University of California Press\|url=https://archive.org/details/mythoflokamanya00rich\|url-access=registration\|page=[https://archive.org/details/mythoflokamanya00rich/page/190 190]\|author=Richard I. Cashman\|year=1975\|isbn=9780520024076 \|quote=Although more at home in the cosmopolitan center of Bombay, and a member of the Council of the Bombay Presidency Association, the Pathare Prabhu lawyer, Mukund Ramrao Jayakar (1873-1959), expressed the typical response}}</ref>
	*[[Narayan Dinanath Velkar\|Raobahadur Narayan Dinanath Velkar]] (1798–1870) – 19th century social reformer, and first Native Municipal Commissioner of Bombay city and one of the founders of ''[[The Times of India]]''.~~<~~ref~~>~~{{cite news \|last1=Vijayakar \|first1=Pradeep \|title=Mumbai's first Native Commissioner remembered \|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/mumbais-first-native-commissioner-remembered/articleshow/5941539.cms \|publisher=[[The Times of India]] \|date=May 17, 2010}}~~<~~/ref~~>~~		*[[Narayan Dinanath Velkar\|Raobahadur Narayan Dinanath Velkar]] (1798–1870) – 19th century social reformer, and first Native Municipal Commissioner of Bombay city and one of the founders of ''[[The Times of India]]''.<ref>{{cite news \|last1=Vijayakar \|first1=Pradeep \|title=Mumbai's first Native Commissioner remembered \|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/mumbais-first-native-commissioner-remembered/articleshow/5941539.cms \|publisher=[[The Times of India]] \|date=May 17, 2010}}</ref>

	== See also ==		== See also ==

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:42, 14 October 2025
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			{{Short description\|Hindu community in Maharashtra, India}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=May 2020}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=May 2020}}
	{{Use Indian English\|date=July 2018}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=July 2018}}
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	[[File:Pathare Prabhu man (19th century).png\|thumb\|Pathare Prabhu middle-class man of nineteenth century.]]		[[File:Pathare Prabhu man (19th century).png\|thumb\|Pathare Prabhu middle-class man of nineteenth century.]]

	'''Pathare Prabhu''' is one of the [[Hindu]] communities in the ~~city~~ of [[~~Mumbai~~]].		'''Pathare Prabhu''' is one of the [[Hindu]] communities found mainly in the Indian state of [[Maharashtra]].

	==Introduction==		==Introduction==

	The Pathare Prabhus and the [[Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu]]s (CKP) are considered sister communities, both being part of the 'Prabhu ~~castes~~'.<ref>{{cite book \| title = Urban leadership in Western India: politics and communities in Bombay city, 1840-1885 \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2eYhAAAAMAAJ&q=sister \| author=Christine E. Dobbin\| year=1972 \|page= 225\|isbn = 978-0-19-821841-8\|quote=Not only were the Pathare prabhus aware for the need for self help. In 1876 the members of their sister community, the Chandraseniya Kayasth Prabhus, began to organize themselves.}}</ref>		The Pathare Prabhus and the [[Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu]]s (CKP) are considered sister communities, both being part of the 'Prabhu caste'.<ref>{{cite book \| title = Urban leadership in Western India: politics and communities in Bombay city, 1840-1885 \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2eYhAAAAMAAJ&q=sister \| author=Christine E. Dobbin\| year=1972 \|page= 225\|isbn = 978-0-19-821841-8\|quote=Not only were the Pathare prabhus aware for the need for self help. In 1876 the members of their sister community, the Chandraseniya Kayasth Prabhus, began to organize themselves.}}</ref>
	Both Pathare Prabhu and CKP follow the [[Advaita Vedanta]] [[Smarta]] tradition of Hinduism propounded by [[Adi Shankara]].<ref>{{cite book \| title = The Castes, Tribes and Culture of India \| author = K.P.Bahadur, Sukhdev Singh Chib \| page= 161\| publisher=ESS Publications\|year=1981\| quote= pg 161: The Kayastha Prabhus...The creed mostly accepted by them is that of the advaita school of Shankaracharya, though they also worship Vishnu, Ganapati and other gods. ...Most of the Pathare Prabhus are the followers of smart sect who adopt the teachings of Shankaracharya}}</ref>		Both Pathare Prabhu and CKP follow the [[Advaita Vedanta]] [[Smarta]] tradition of Hinduism propounded by [[Adi Shankara]].<ref>{{cite book \| title = The Castes, Tribes and Culture of India \| author = K.P.Bahadur, Sukhdev Singh Chib \| page= 161\| publisher=ESS Publications\|year=1981\| quote= pg 161: The Kayastha Prabhus...The creed mostly accepted by them is that of the advaita school of Shankaracharya, though they also worship Vishnu, Ganapati and other gods. ...Most of the Pathare Prabhus are the followers of smart sect who adopt the teachings of Shankaracharya}}</ref>

	Along with all the [[Maharashtrian Brahmin]] castes and the CKP, they are considered one of the 'high' or 'elite' castes of Maharashtra.<ref>{{cite journal \| title = The American Economic Review - Volume 96, Issues 3-4 \|page = 1228 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RC6yAAAAIAAJ&q=pathare\|publisher = Nashville, Tenn. American Economic Association \| year=2006 \|quote= High castes include all the Brahmin jatis, as well as a few other elite jatis (CKP and Pathare Prabhus).Low castes include formerly untouchable castes (Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes as defined by the government of India). Middle castes are drawn mostly from the cultivator jatis, such as the Marathas and the Kunbis, as well as other traditional vocations that were not considered to be untouchable.}}</ref>		Along with all the [[Maharashtrian Brahmin]] castes and the CKP, they are considered one of the 'high' or 'elite' castes of [[Maharashtra]].<ref>{{cite journal \| title = The American Economic Review - Volume 96, Issues 3-4 \|page = 1228 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RC6yAAAAIAAJ&q=pathare\|publisher = Nashville, Tenn. American Economic Association \| year=2006 \|quote= High castes include all the Brahmin jatis, as well as a few other elite jatis (CKP and Pathare Prabhus).Low castes include formerly untouchable castes (Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes as defined by the government of India). Middle castes are drawn mostly from the cultivator jatis, such as the Marathas and the Kunbis, as well as other traditional vocations that were not considered to be untouchable.}}</ref>

	The Pathare Prabhu, in the 19th century would to refer to Mumbai (then known as Bombay) as 'Desh' (country). They formed the "Union Club" under which were the five primary collectives of [[Girgaon]], [[Mazagaon]], [[Parel]], [[Mahim]] and [[Worli]]. In 1887, they held a meeting at the "Desh" level in which it was decided to stop inviting "naikins" (dancers) to sing at the [[Upanayana]] (thread ceremonies or "munja") and marriage celebrations. Historians cite an incident where a Pathare Prabhu member who broke this rule two years later was socially outcast by the community. He sued for defamation but the British Court ruled against him.<ref>{{cite book\|title=The Making of History: Essays Presented to Irfan Habib (Anthem South Asian Studies)\|year=2002\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ejrBraqBaLQC&pg=PA197\|publisher=Anthem Press\|page=197\|isbn=9781843310389\|editor1=Utsa Patnaik\|editor2=Terence J. Byres\|editor3=K. N. Panikkar}}</ref>		The Pathare Prabhu, in the 19th century would refer to Mumbai (then known as Bombay) as 'Desh' (country). They formed the "Union Club" under which were the five primary collectives of [[Girgaon]], [[Mazagaon]], [[Parel]], [[Mahim]] and [[Worli]]. In 1887, they held a meeting at the "Desh" level in which it was decided to stop inviting "naikins" (dancers) to sing at the [[Upanayana]] (thread ceremonies or "munja") and marriage celebrations. Historians cite an incident where a Pathare Prabhu member who broke this rule two years later was socially outcast by the community. He sued for defamation but the British Court ruled against him.<ref>{{cite book\|title=The Making of History: Essays Presented to Irfan Habib (Anthem South Asian Studies)\|year=2002\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ejrBraqBaLQC&pg=PA197\|publisher=Anthem Press\|page=197\|isbn=9781843310389\|editor1=Utsa Patnaik\|editor2=Terence J. Byres\|editor3=K. N. Panikkar}}</ref>

	==Notable people==		==Notable people==
	*[[Moroba Kanhoba]] – 19th century writer and social reformer (women's rights advocate), author of the famous Marathi novel "Ghashiram Kotwal". His highly publicized marriage to a widow ended in a tragedy after the couple was found dead within a year of the marriage.<ref>{{cite book\|title=Indian Writing in English: Tradition and Modernity\|author1=Kanupriya \|author2=Amar Nath Prasad\|year=2006 \|isbn=9788176257176 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HvhTI1GGIo8C&pg=PA168\|quote=Moroba Kanhoba Vijaykar's novel Ghashiram Kotwal appeared in 1873. Ghashiram is not an imaginative character of literature.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book\|title=Crossing Thresholds: Feminist Essays in Social History\|page=350\|year=2007\|quote= Perhaps the most highly publicized was the ill-fated marriage of Moroba Kanhoba Vijaykar, one of the earliest members of the Society, in 1870. It resulted in the family's excommunication by his Pathare Prabhu caste, despite reformist support. But most unfortunate was the tragedy that struck before a year was over. The newly-weds were found dead in the neighbouring...}}</ref>		*[[Moroba Kanhoba]] – 19th century writer and social reformer (women's rights advocate), author of the famous Marathi novel "Ghashiram Kotwal". His highly publicized marriage to a widow ended in a tragedy after the couple was found dead within a year of the marriage.<ref>{{cite book\|title=Indian Writing in English: Tradition and Modernity\|author1=Kanupriya \|author2=Amar Nath Prasad\|year=2006 \|isbn=9788176257176 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HvhTI1GGIo8C&pg=PA168\|quote=Moroba Kanhoba Vijaykar's novel Ghashiram Kotwal appeared in 1873. Ghashiram is not an imaginative character of literature.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book\|title=Crossing Thresholds: Feminist Essays in Social History\|page=350\|year=2007\|quote= Perhaps the most highly publicized was the ill-fated marriage of Moroba Kanhoba Vijaykar, one of the earliest members of the Society, in 1870. It resulted in the family's excommunication by his Pathare Prabhu caste, despite reformist support. But most unfortunate was the tragedy that struck before a year was over. The newly-weds were found dead in the neighbouring...}}</ref>
	*[[Shivkar Bapuji Talpade]] – ~~A Vedic Scholar famous for flying~~ an unmanned heavier-than-air aircraft in 1895 in [[~~Bombay~~]]<ref>{{Cite web\|url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/A-flight-over-Chowpatty-that-made-history/pmredirectshow/890055.cms?curpg=2\|title = A flight over Chowpatty that made history\|date = 18 October 2004\|accessdate = 3 February 2015\|website = The Times of India\|quote=Talpade belonged to the Pathare Prabhu community, one of the founder of Mumbai}}</ref>		*[[Shivkar Bapuji Talpade]] – allegedly flew an unmanned heavier-than-air aircraft in 1895, this [[Hindutva pseudohistory\|pseudohistorical claim was made by Hindu nationalists]].<ref>{{Cite web\|url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/A-flight-over-Chowpatty-that-made-history/pmredirectshow/890055.cms?curpg=2\|title = A flight over Chowpatty that made history\|date = 18 October 2004\|accessdate = 3 February 2015\|website = The Times of India\|quote=Talpade belonged to the Pathare Prabhu community, one of the founder of Mumbai}}</ref>
	*[[Atmaram Sadashiv Jayakar]] - Notable zoologist, physician, naturalist and explorer. Best known for his scientific study on animals and medical surveys of Oman. He described some unknown species like [[Arabitragus jayakari]], [[Hippocampus jayakari]] and [[Omanosaura jayakari]], all named after him. He also studied the Omani dialect of Arabic.<ref>Omani Proverbs, Oleander Press, 1987, page 1-7</ref>		*[[Atmaram Sadashiv Jayakar]] – Notable zoologist, physician, naturalist and explorer. Best known for his scientific study on animals and medical surveys of Oman. He described some unknown species like [[Arabitragus jayakari]], [[Hippocampus jayakari]] and [[Omanosaura jayakari]], all named after him. He also studied the Omani dialect of Arabic.<ref>Omani Proverbs, Oleander Press, 1987, page 1-7</ref>
	*[[M. V. Dhurandhar\|Mahadev Vishwanath Dhurandhar]] - Well known Indian painter and artist.<ref>Pratap Velkar (1997). Pathare Prabuncha Itihasa, Shrividya prakashan, page 456</ref>		*[[M. V. Dhurandhar\|Mahadev Vishwanath Dhurandhar]] – Well known Indian painter and artist.<ref>Pratap Velkar (1997). Pathare Prabuncha Itihasa, Shrividya prakashan, page 456</ref>
	*[[Kanhoba Ranchoddas Kirtikar]] - Notable botanist, surgeon and Marathi poet.<ref>Pratap Velkar (1997). Pathare Prabuncha Itihasa, Shrividya prakashan, page 445</ref>		*[[Kanhoba Ranchoddas Kirtikar]] – Notable botanist, surgeon and Marathi poet.<ref>Pratap Velkar (1997). Pathare Prabuncha Itihasa, Shrividya prakashan, page 445</ref>
	*[[M. R. Jayakar\|Mukund Ramarao Jayakar]] - First vice chancellor of the [[University of Pune]].<ref>{{cite book\|title=The Myth of the Lokamanya: Tilak and Mass Politics in Maharashtra\|publisher=University of California Press\|url=https://archive.org/details/mythoflokamanya00rich\|url-access=registration\|page=[https://archive.org/details/mythoflokamanya00rich/page/190 190]\|author=Richard I. Cashman\|year=1975\|isbn=9780520024076 \|quote=Although more at home in the cosmopolitan center of Bombay, and a member of the Council of the Bombay Presidency Association, the Pathare Prabhu lawyer, Mukund Ramrao Jayakar (1873-1959), expressed the typical response}}</ref>		*[[M. R. Jayakar\|Mukund Ramarao Jayakar]] – First vice chancellor of the [[University of Pune]].<ref>{{cite book\|title=The Myth of the Lokamanya: Tilak and Mass Politics in Maharashtra\|publisher=University of California Press\|url=https://archive.org/details/mythoflokamanya00rich\|url-access=registration\|page=[https://archive.org/details/mythoflokamanya00rich/page/190 190]\|author=Richard I. Cashman\|year=1975\|isbn=9780520024076 \|quote=Although more at home in the cosmopolitan center of Bombay, and a member of the Council of the Bombay Presidency Association, the Pathare Prabhu lawyer, Mukund Ramrao Jayakar (1873-1959), expressed the typical response}}</ref>
			*[[Narayan Dinanath Velkar\|Raobahadur Narayan Dinanath Velkar]] (1798–1870) – 19th century social reformer, and first Native Municipal Commissioner of Bombay city and one of the founders of ''[[The Times of India]]''.<ref>{{cite news \|last1=Vijayakar \|first1=Pradeep \|title=Mumbai's first Native Commissioner remembered \|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/mumbais-first-native-commissioner-remembered/articleshow/5941539.cms \|publisher=[[The Times of India]] \|date=May 17, 2010}}</ref>

	== See also ==		== See also ==