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{{other uses|Patan (disambiguation){{!}}Patan}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Patan
| native_name =
| native_name_lang = hindi
| other_name = Pātan
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Uttar Pradesh#India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Unnao, Uttar Pradesh
| coordinates = {{coord|26.30563|N|80.780703|E|display=inline,title}}<ref name="GeoNames">{{cite web |url=https://geonames.nga.mil/namesgaz/ |website=Do a radial search using these coordinates here}}</ref>
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Unnao district|Unnao]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body = [[Gram panchayat]]

| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes = <ref name="Census 2011"/>
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 4.595
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 5364
| population_as_of =
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes = <ref name="Census 2011"/>
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = <-- [[Postal Index Number|PIN]] -->
| postal_code = 209506
| registration_plate = UP35
| blank1_name_sec1 =
| blank1_info_sec1 = {{Convert|0|km|mi}}
| website = {{URL|up.gov.in}}
| footnotes =
}}
'''Patan''' is a village in [[Sumerpur, Unnao|Sumerpur]] block of [[Unnao District]] in the state of [[Uttar Pradesh]], India.<ref name="Census 2011">{{cite web |title=Census of India 2011: Uttar Pradesh District Census Handbook - Unnao, Part A (Village and Town Directory) |pages=416–41 |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/UPA.html |website=Census 2011 India|access-date=18 July 2021}}</ref> It is located 16km south of [[Purwa]] on the main [[Unnao]]-[[Allahabad]] road,<ref name="Gazetteer 1979">{{cite book |last1=Baghel |first1=Amar Singh |title=Uttar Pradesh District Gazetteers: Unnao |date=1979 |publisher=Government Press |location=Rampur |pages=267–8 |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.csl.2864 |access-date=18 July 2021}}</ref> and a short distance to the south of the [[Loni river]].<ref name="Gazetteer 1903">{{cite book |last1=Nevill |first1=H.R. |title=Unao: A Gazetteer, Being Volume XXXVIII Of The District Gazetteers Of The United Provinces Of Agra And Oudh |date=1903 |publisher=Government Press |location=Allahabad |pages=218–20 |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.ministry.08713/page/212 |access-date=18 July 2021}}</ref> Part of the historical region of [[Baiswara]], it historically gave its name to a [[pargana]] which existed since at least the time of [[Akbar]], and under the [[Nawabs of Awadh]] it was the seat of a [[tehsil]].<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/> The [[Rae Bareli]]-[[Kanpur]] branch of the [[Northern Railway zone]] runs through Patan, and the [[Takia train station]] is located in the village.<ref name="Gazetteer 1979"/> A huge fair called the Takia-ka-Mela is held in Patan on the first Thursday in [[Pausha|Paus]], in honour of the saint Niamat Shah, revered by both Hindus and Muslims, drawing tens of thousands of visitors.<ref name="Gazetteer 1979"/> A second fair, established by Muhabbat Shah's disciple Shafqat Shah, is also held in Muhabbat Shah's honour at the tomb on the first Thursday of [[Jeth]].<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/>

As of 2011, Patan has a population of 5,364 people, in 1,044 households.<ref name="Census 2011"/> It serves as the seat of a [[nyaya panchayat]] and has a post office, a bus station, an intermediate college, a library, a temple dedicated to Lingeshwar Mahadeo, and the tomb of the 18th-century [[darvish]] Muhabbat Shah, which is where the Takia-ka-Mela is held.<ref name="Gazetteer 1979"/> The village hosts a market twice per week, on Mondays and Fridays, where vegetables and cloth are sold.<ref name="Census 1961">{{cite book |title=Census 1961: District Census Handbook, Uttar Pradesh (37 - Unnao District) |date=1965 |location=Lucknow |pages=133, 152, 157, cxvi-cxvii of section "Purwa Tahsil", cxxvi-cxxvii |url=http://lsi.gov.in:8081/jspui/bitstream/123456789/1040/1/21887_1961_UNN.pdf |access-date=18 July 2021}}</ref>

== History ==
There is a large old mound in Patan, ascribed to the [[Bhar]]s.<ref name="Gazetteer 1979"/> Local tradition holds that the Bhars were the original rulers of the Patan area, before it came under control of the [[Bais (Rajput clan)|Bais]] Rajputs.<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/> Under the Mughal emperor [[Akbar]], Patan gave its name to a [[pargana]], which continued to exist into the 20th century.<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/>

Under the [[Nawabs of Awadh]], Patan was the seat of a [[tehsil]], with its headquarters on the western side of town.<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/> The tehsildar also had control over the town's [[thana]] (police station).<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/> The darvish Muhabbat Shah, who is buried in Patan, was a contemporary of the Nawab [[Shuja-ud-Daula]].<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/> He supposedly first came to Patan on a pilgrimage.<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/> His tomb is now the site of two annual fairs;<ref name="Gazetteer 1979"/> the larger, the Takia-ka-Mela, was supposedly inaugurated by Muhabbat Shah in honour of his favourite disciple, Niamat Shah, who is also buried here in the ''takya'' (graveyard).<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/> Muhabbat Shah is still venerated and his spirit is believed to cure possession; people used to perform exorcisms by tying up the afflicted person and leaving them in a tree near Muhabbat Shah's tomb overnight.<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/>

At the turn of the 20th century, Patan was described as a small town that was mostly significant for hosting the two fairs at Muhabbat Shah's tomb.<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/> It had an upper primary school with 60 students at the time.<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/> Its population was overwhelmingly Hindu — of the 2,545 residents recorded in the [[1901 Census of India|1901 census]], only 158 were Muslims.<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/>

The [[1961 Census of India|1961 census]] recorded Patan as comprising 4 hamlets, with a total population of 2,159 people (1,082 male and 1,077 female), in 630 households and 420 physical houses.<ref name="Census 1961"/> The area of the village was given as 1,137 [[acre]]s.<ref name="Census 1961"/> Average attendance of the Takia-ka-Mela fair was about 46,000 people at the time, while average attendance of the twice-weekly market was 1,000.<ref name="Census 1961"/> The M.G. Higher Secondary School in Patan, established in 1952, had a faculty of 17 teachers (all male) and a student body of 463 (also all male) at the time.<ref name="Census 1961"/> The village of Patan also had the following small industrial establishments at the time: 1 [[grain mill]], 9 miscellaneous [[food processing]] facilities, 1 manufacturer of (non-chewing) [[tobacco]] products, 3 makers of textile garments, 7 makers of wood products not otherwise classified, 2 [[bicycle repair shop]]s, 7 makers of [[jewellery]] and/or precious metal items, and 9 manufacturers and/or repairers of items not assigned to any group.<ref name="Census 1961"/>

== Culture ==
Patan hosts two annual fairs at the tomb of Muhabbat Shah.<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/> One is the Takia-ka-Mela, which is held on the first Thursday of [[Pausha|Paus]] in honour of Niamat Shah and which regularly draws tens of thousands of visitors, both Hindu and Muslim.<ref name="Gazetteer 1979"/> Vendors bring agricultural implements, wooden items, glassware, cloth, sweets, toys, and miscellaneous other items to sell at the fair.<ref name="Census 1961"/><ref name="Gazetteer 1979"/> The story goes that, one day, a [[Kurmi]] devotee of Muhabbat Shah fell down a well and cried out to Muhabbat Shah for help, believing him to be omnipresent, but to no avail.<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/> The Kurmi then cried out for Niamat Shah, who instantly appeared, took him by the hand, and helped him out of the well.<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/> When Muhabbat Shah found out about what happened, he was furious and commanded Niamat Shah to die, which he did.<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/> Muhabbat Shah then ordered a fair to be held in commemoration of Niamat Shah, over the latter's tomb.<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/>

A second fair is also held in honour of Muhabbat Shah on the first Thursday of [[Jeth]].<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/><ref name="Gazetteer 1979"/> Originally inaugurated by Shafqat Shah, another of Muhabbat Shah's disciples,<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/> it regularly drew around 1,000 visitors around the middle of the 20th century.<ref name="Census 1961"/><ref name="Gazetteer 1979"/>

== Agriculture ==
As of 2011, Patan village lands cover an area of 459.5 [[hectare]]s, of which 155.3 are farmland (another 80.7 ha are [[orchard]]s).<ref name="Census 2011"/> The main crops grown in Patan are wheat, barley, gram, [[juwar]], [[Pearl millet|bajra]], and paddy.<ref name="Gazetteer 1979"/> Of the total cultivated area, a majority (120.7 ha) are irrigated; irrigation is mostly provided by [[tube well]]s.<ref name="Census 2011"/>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Unnao district}}

[[Category:Villages in Unnao district]]

{{Unnao-geo-stub}}

Patan, Uttar Pradesh - Revision history

->Citation bot: Alter: website, pages. Formatted dashes. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by Grimes2 | Category:CS1 maint: extra punctuation | #UCB_Category 286/357