Patalganga River - Revision history

Igororh: slightly cleanup lead based on references and corrected details

2026-01-24T14:40:48Z

slightly cleanup lead based on references and corrected details

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:10, 24 January 2026
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			{{Short description\|River in India}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=August 2017}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=August 2017}}
	{{Use Indian English\|date=August 2017}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=August 2017}}
	{{one source\|date=December 2014}}		{{one source\|date=December 2014}}
	The '''Patalganga River''' ([[Marathi language\|Marathi]]: पाताळगंगा नदी) is a river that rises in the steep western scarps of the [[Matheran]] uplands where it branches off from the main ridge near [[Khopoli]] and maintains a general westward flow till it joins the [[Dharamtar\|Dharamtar Creek]] with a wide estuary. The tail-waters of the Khopoli power project are let into the river near [[Khopoli]] in [[Maharashtra]], [[India]]. It comes at foremost in terms of pollution. It is one of the most polluted rivers of Maharashtra, source being from Patalganga MIDC. Industries in Patalganga MIDC include (see the site<ref name="MIDC">{{cite web\|url= https://www.scribd.com/mobile/doc/213094806/Patalganga-Factory-List\|title=Patalganga Factory List\|publisher=Scribd}}</ref>). These companies contribute polluting the river. MPCB provides no proper data regarding water quality which is a point which limits the protests from various NGO's and locals. Nowadays, locals from villages on banks of patalganga river (Turade, Kalivali, Apta, Dushmi, Kharpada, Rave) complain about the poisoning caused by consuming fishes. Biodiversity of the river is under serious threat due to the harmful chemicals from the dyeing, fertilizer, pesticides, insecticides, alkyl amines industries. Effect of pollution on farming: Crops get burnt due to highly acidic pH of water. Flooding during rainy season results in the flushing of agricultural lands downstream with harmful chemicals which makes land unsuitable for cultivation.

	Industries ~~have their effluents released after~~ the ~~Chawne dam~~ (~~Bandhara~~, ~~small level built for water supply~~, ~~was used until recently before construction~~ of ~~Hetawane dam)~~.		The '''Patalganga River''' ({{langx\|mr\|पाताळगंगा नदी}}) is an [[India\|Indian]] river that rises in the steep western scarps of the [[Matheran]] uplands where it branches off from the main ridge near [[Khopoli]] and maintains a general westward flow till it joins the [[Dharamtar\|Dharamtar Creek]] with a wide estuary. The tail-waters of the Khopoli power project are let into the river near [[Khopoli]] in [[Maharashtra]]. It comes at foremost in terms of pollution. It is one of the most polluted rivers of Maharashtra, source being from Patalganga MIDC. Industries in Patalganga MIDC include (see the site<ref name="MIDC">{{cite web\|url= https://www.scribd.com/mobile/doc/213094806/Patalganga-Factory-List\|title=Patalganga Factory List\|publisher=Scribd}}</ref>). These companies contribute polluting the river. MPCB provides no proper data regarding water quality which is a point which limits the protests from various NGO's and locals. Nowadays, locals from villages on banks of patalganga river (Turade, Kalivali, Apta, Dushmi, Kharpada, Rave) complain about the poisoning caused by consuming fishes. Biodiversity of the river is under serious threat due to the harmful chemicals from the dyeing, fertilizer, pesticides, insecticides, alkyl amines industries. Effect of pollution on farming: Crops get burnt due to highly acidic pH of water. Flooding during rainy season results in the flushing of agricultural lands downstream with harmful chemicals which makes land unsuitable for cultivation.<ref>[http://www.nih.ernet.in/nih_rbis/Mythology.htm] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090729165048/http://www.nih.ernet.in/nih_rbis/Mythology.htm\|date=29 July 2009}} Rivers in Mythology</ref>
	~~Mostly at dawn or dusk effluents are released without treating (possible by bribing officers~~ of ~~midc and mpcb)~~.

	~~==History==~~
	In [[Mahabharatha]], when Bhishm was about to die, Arjuna is said to have extracted groundwater, namely, Patalganga, by shooting an arrow which made a hole in the ground and created a [[fountain]].<ref>[http://www.nih.ernet.in/nih_rbis/Mythology.htm] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090729165048/http://www.nih.ernet.in/nih_rbis/Mythology.htm \|date=29 July 2009 }} Rivers in Mythology</ref>

	According to the [[Puranas]], there are three [[tributaries]] of the [[River Ganges]] and they are Swarga Ganga (Mandakini), Bhoo Ganga (Bhagirathi) and Patal Ganga (Bhagvati). Before entering into the sea, the Ganges divides into several tributaries and then merges into the [[Bay of Bengal]].

	The Patalganga river has been mentioned in [[ancient]] [[vedic]] [[Text (literary theory)\|texts]] and the [[temples]] in Turade-Karade area and its banks were considered [[holy]] and a dip in the river is considered spiritually beneficial to mention the least. [[Bhawanipatna]] is close to Patalganga, a natural [[Hot spring]] worshipped as the holy [[River Ganges]] by the locals and worshippers.

	[[Patalganga]] a huge industrial area, MIDC<ref name="MIDC"/> near [[Karjat]] and [[Panvel]] has got its name from the Patalganga River. To facilitate traffic, for [[entrepreneurs]] of the industrial area, a two lane high level [[bridge]] has been built-up on river Patalganga.

	~~==Course==~~

	The Patalganga river has its source in the [[Khandala]] portion of the [[Sahyadri]] scarp. In its meandering north-westward reach of about {{convert\|25\|miles\|km}}, several [[streams]] on either side drain the land that is highly eroded and marked by remnant hill features, the more prominent of them being the Prabal heights {{convert\|2,318\|ft\|m}} and the Kamala fort range. On the south the Manikgarh {{convert\|1,876\|ft\|m}} forms a steep range with a north-north-west and south-south-east: trend; it is in fact a projection of the hill and plateau complex that separates the Patalganga and the Balganga drainage. Below Waveshwar, the Patalganga changes its course suddenly to south-south-west to join, alter a stretch of about {{convert\|20\|miles\|km}}, the Dharamtar creek. [[Hill\|Hilly]] topography persists, but the river valley is broader and merges into the tidal flats of the Dharamtar creek. The Balganga river is a [[tributary]] stream of the Patalganga only nominally as it flows almost parallel though in a more hilly region, and joins the Patalganga only in the Dharamtar creek; the land is hilly but generally the ranges like the Shillote and Badruddin are lower in height.
	{{Coord\|18.48\|N\|73.4\|E\|}}		{{Coord\|18.48\|N\|73.4\|E\|}}

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	[[Category:Rivers of Maharashtra]]		[[Category:Rivers of Maharashtra]]
	[[Category:Geography of Raigad district]]		[[Category:Geography of Raigad district]]
	~~[[Category:Rivers of India]]~~
	[[Category:Rivers of the Western Ghats]]		[[Category:Rivers of the Western Ghats]]

->Mmavkvba: Category:Rivers of the Western Ghats

2021-10-31T22:32:09Z

Category:Rivers of the Western Ghats

New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2017}}
{{one source|date=December 2014}}
The '''Patalganga River''' ([[Marathi language|Marathi]]: पाताळगंगा नदी) is a river that rises in the steep western scarps of the [[Matheran]] uplands where it branches off from the main ridge near [[Khopoli]] and maintains a general westward flow till it joins the [[Dharamtar|Dharamtar Creek]] with a wide estuary. The tail-waters of the Khopoli power project are let into the river near [[Khopoli]] in [[Maharashtra]], [[India]]. It comes at foremost in terms of pollution. It is one of the most polluted rivers of Maharashtra, source being from Patalganga MIDC. Industries in Patalganga MIDC include (see the site<ref name="MIDC">{{cite web|url= https://www.scribd.com/mobile/doc/213094806/Patalganga-Factory-List|title=Patalganga Factory List|publisher=Scribd}}</ref>). These companies contribute polluting the river. MPCB provides no proper data regarding water quality which is a point which limits the protests from various NGO's and locals. Nowadays, locals from villages on banks of patalganga river (Turade, Kalivali, Apta, Dushmi, Kharpada, Rave) complain about the poisoning caused by consuming fishes. Biodiversity of the river is under serious threat due to the harmful chemicals from the dyeing, fertilizer, pesticides, insecticides, alkyl amines industries. Effect of pollution on farming: Crops get burnt due to highly acidic pH of water. Flooding during rainy season results in the flushing of agricultural lands downstream with harmful chemicals which makes land unsuitable for cultivation.

Industries have their effluents released after the Chawne dam (Bandhara, small level built for water supply, was used until recently before construction of Hetawane dam).
Mostly at dawn or dusk effluents are released without treating (possible by bribing officers of midc and mpcb).

==History==
In [[Mahabharatha]], when Bhishm was about to die, Arjuna is said to have extracted groundwater, namely, Patalganga, by shooting an arrow which made a hole in the ground and created a [[fountain]].<ref>[http://www.nih.ernet.in/nih_rbis/Mythology.htm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090729165048/http://www.nih.ernet.in/nih_rbis/Mythology.htm |date=29 July 2009 }} Rivers in Mythology</ref>

According to the [[Puranas]], there are three [[tributaries]] of the [[River Ganges]] and they are Swarga Ganga (Mandakini), Bhoo Ganga (Bhagirathi) and Patal Ganga (Bhagvati). Before entering into the sea, the Ganges divides into several tributaries and then merges into the [[Bay of Bengal]].

The Patalganga river has been mentioned in [[ancient]] [[vedic]] [[Text (literary theory)|texts]] and the [[temples]] in Turade-Karade area and its banks were considered [[holy]] and a dip in the river is considered spiritually beneficial to mention the least. [[Bhawanipatna]] is close to Patalganga, a natural [[Hot spring]] worshipped as the holy [[River Ganges]] by the locals and worshippers.

[[Patalganga]] a huge industrial area, MIDC<ref name="MIDC"/> near [[Karjat]] and [[Panvel]] has got its name from the Patalganga River. To facilitate traffic, for [[entrepreneurs]] of the industrial area, a two lane high level [[bridge]] has been built-up on river Patalganga.

==Course==

The Patalganga river has its source in the [[Khandala]] portion of the [[Sahyadri]] scarp. In its meandering north-westward reach of about {{convert|25|miles|km}}, several [[streams]] on either side drain the land that is highly eroded and marked by remnant hill features, the more prominent of them being the Prabal heights {{convert|2,318|ft|m}} and the Kamala fort range. On the south the Manikgarh {{convert|1,876|ft|m}} forms a steep range with a north-north-west and south-south-east: trend; it is in fact a projection of the hill and plateau complex that separates the Patalganga and the Balganga drainage. Below Waveshwar, the Patalganga changes its course suddenly to south-south-west to join, alter a stretch of about {{convert|20|miles|km}}, the Dharamtar creek. [[Hill|Hilly]] topography persists, but the river valley is broader and merges into the tidal flats of the Dharamtar creek. The Balganga river is a [[tributary]] stream of the Patalganga only nominally as it flows almost parallel though in a more hilly region, and joins the Patalganga only in the Dharamtar creek; the land is hilly but generally the ranges like the Shillote and Badruddin are lower in height.
{{Coord|18.48|N|73.4|E|}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110721035138/http://envis.maharashtra.gov.in/envis_data/?q=r_patalganga] Classification of Waters of Patalganga River Basin-Source-[[Government]] of [[Maharashtra]], [[India]]
* [http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2005/07/30/stories/2005073001850500.htm] Patalganga river cripples Mumbai industrial units-Source-The Hindu Business Line

{{Hydrography of Maharashtra}}

[[Category:Rivers of Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Geography of Raigad district]]
[[Category:Rivers of India]]
[[Category:Rivers of the Western Ghats]]