imported>Mishmash Ideas: Corrected the length of tunnel (citation : look at the image there, it was written 1316.78 metres).

2021-09-01T13:45:12Z

Corrected the length of tunnel (citation : look at the image there, it was written 1316.78 metres).

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{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2016}}
{{coord|19.188710|73.015214|scale:100000|format=dms|display=title}}
{{Infobox tunnel
|name = Parsik Tunnel
|image = Parsik tunnel.jpg
|caption = Mumbai EMU train enters into the Parsik Tunnel
|line = [[Central line (Mumbai Suburban Railway)]], <br/> [[Mumbai–Chennai line]], <br/> [[Howrah–Nagpur–Mumbai line]], <br/> [[Howrah–Allahabad–Mumbai line]]
|location = [[Thane district]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]]
|coordinates =
|system =
|status = Active
|start = {{rws|Thane}}
|end = {{rws|Diva Junction}}
|stations =
|startwork = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1906}}
|opened = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1916}}
|close =
|owner = [[Indian Railways]]
|operator = [[Central Railway zone]] of [[Indian Railways]]
|traffic = Train
|character = Through Rail-passenger and freight.
|construction =
|length = {{convert|1.31678|km|abbr=on}}
|linelength =
|tracklength = {{convert|1681|m|abbr=on}}
|notrack = 2
|gauge = {{track gauge|1676 mm}} ([[Broad gauge]])
|el = [[25 kV AC railway electrification|25 kV 50 Hz]] [[Alternating current|AC]] [[Overhead line]]
|speed = {{Cvt|90|km/h}}
|hielevation =
|lowelevation =
|height = {{Cvt|6|m}}
|width = {{Cvt|10|m}}
|grade =
}}

The '''Parsik Tunnel''' is a {{convert|1.31678|km|abbr=on}} long electrified dual-line railway tunnel which locates in [[Parsik Hill]] of [[Thane]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]], lies east to the [[Thane]] city, and also a part of [[Central line (Mumbai Suburban Railway)|Central line]].<ref>[https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/nation-world/worlds-longest-and-deepest-rail-tunnel-opens-in-switzerland/india-has-close-to-20-mountain-rail-tunnels/slideshow/55981000.cms India has close to 20 mountain rail tunnels], ''Economic Times'', Retrieved 04 October 2020</ref>

This tunnel is used as a fast line between {{rws|Thane}} and {{rws|Diva Junction}} for bypassing the Freight trains as well as the Passenger trains and EMU trains of [[Mumbai Suburban Railway]], to reach {{rws|Kalyan}} in minimum time. The west portal of the railway tunnel is near after {{rws|Kalwa}} railway station and the east portal is at before {{rws|Mumbra}} railway station.<ref>[https://www.mid-day.com/articles/central-railway-gets-proposal-for-new-station-at-parsik-tunnel-in-thane/18397158 Central Railway gets a proposal for the new station at parsik tunnel], ''Mid-Day'', Retrieved 04 October 2020</ref>

==Length and Elevation==
The elevation of the railway tunnel is {{Cvt|45|m}} above the sea level. Whereas, width of the tunnel is {{Cvt|10|m}} with a height of {{Cvt|6|m}}. It's one of the oldest and longest tunnels in India. It takes approximately 2 minutes for the train to cross the tunnel. The maximum Speed limit of the train to pass inside the tunnel is {{Cvt|90|km/h}}. And on another hand, one side of the [[National Highway 48 (India)|National Highway 48]] goes above on the east portal side of the tunnel.<ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/thane/Iconic-Parsik-Tunnel-turns-100-this-year-a-milestone-for-the-Indian-Railways/articleshow/50473247.cms Iconic Parsik Tunnel turns 100 this year, A Milestone for the Indian Railways], ''Times of India'', Retrieved 04 October 2020</ref> Which it makes reducing 10 minutes to cover the distance between Thane and Kalyan section of [[Central line (Mumbai Suburban Railway)|Central line]].

==History==
After the Inauguration of the first railway line between {{rws|Bori Bunder}} (now {{rws|Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus}}) and {{rws|Thane}} in 1853 and Extension to {{rws|Kalyan Junction||Kalyan}} in 1854 which was laid by the [[Great Indian Peninsula Railway|GIPR]]. At that time the distance between {{rws|Thane}} and {{rws|Diva Junction||Diva}} station was 9.6 km (6.0 mi) and the rail traffic was going higher, Due to that the quadrupling of Thane–Kalyan section was required. For that purpose, there was need for an alternate route for passing freight trains and passenger trains through [[Parsik Hill]], The '''GIPR''' started construction of this tunnel in 1906, it took time 10 years to construct the tunnel and opened at the year 1916.<ref>[https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/life-on-the-local-parsik-tunnel-an-engineering-marvel-haunted-target-of-revolutionaries-5026214/ Life on the Local Parsik Tunnel], ''The Indian Express'', Retrieved 03 October 2020</ref>

After the construction of the tunnel, it became the third-largest tunnel in Asia in the year 1916 and categorized as the tunnel of the fast line of [[Central line (Mumbai Suburban Railway)|Central line]] with reducing the distance between {{rws|Thane}} and {{rws|Diva Junction||Diva}} to 7 km (4.3 mi). Whereas the longer route of 9.6 km (6.0 mi) categorized as the slow line of [[Central line (Mumbai Suburban Railway)|Central line]]. And also becomes the landmark of a first-mile long tunnel constructed by [[Indian Railways]], during the [[British Raj|British period in India]].<ref>[https://ia801605.us.archive.org/30/items/in.ernet.dli.2015.36650/2015.36650.India-Railway-Board-History-Of-Indian-Railways-Constructed-And-In-Progress.pdf History of Indian Railways Construction and Progress], ''Indian Railways Board'', Retrieved 04 October 2020</ref>

This tunnel was electrified in the year 1925 with [[1.5 kV DC]] by GIPR which was come under the electrification project of [[Central line (Mumbai Suburban Railway)|Central Main line]] between {{rws|Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus}} and {{rws|Kalyan}}.<ref>[https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/transportation/railways/dc-to-ac-conversion-on-mumbais-central-railways-rail-route-completed/articleshow/47582271.cms?from=mdr DC to AC Conversion of Mumbai's Central railways rail route completed], ''Economic Times'', Retrieved 04 October 2020</ref>

After the [[Dominion of India|Independence of India]], and Incorporation of GIPR into the [[Central Railway zone|Central Railway]] in 1951. The Maintenance work of this tunnel was taken over by Central Railway.

On 5th May 2018, Central Railway converted the electrified tunnel from [[1.5 kV DC]] to [[25 kV AC railway electrification|25 kV 50 Hz]] [[Alternating current|AC]] [[Overhead line]] for a smooth ride with less breakdown for the commuters.<ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/From-May-5-faster-Central-Railway-with-AC-power/articleshow/19792072.cms?referral=PM From May 5 faster Central Railway with AC power], ''Times of India'', Retrieved 04 October 2018</ref>

==New Projects==
Two new tunnels have been planned across the Parsik Hill. one of these will be parallel to the existing tunnel for fast suburban train and freight trains and the second one for slow suburban trains between {{rws|Kalwa}} and {{rws|Mumbra}} stations.<ref>[http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-two-more-tunnels-through-parsik-hills-1467260 Two more tunnels through Parsik Hills], ''DNA India'', Retrieved 01 September 2019</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.cr.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?lang=0&id=0,6,1191,1192,1394,1396,1418 Milestone of Railways (1916 opening of Parsik tunnel)]
* [http://wikimapia.org/980473/Parsik-Tunnel-Kalwa Parsik tunnel (wikimapia)]

[[Category:Railway tunnels in India]]
[[Category:Mumbai CR railway division]]
[[Category:Transport in Thane district]]
[[Category:Tunnels completed in 1916]]
[[Category:1916 establishments in India]]

Parsik Tunnel - Revision history

imported>Mishmash Ideas: Corrected the length of tunnel (citation : look at the image there, it was written 1316.78 metres).