106.216.137.28 at 16:51, 1 October 2021

2021-10-01T16:51:36Z

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{{original research|date=September 2021}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Parappanangadi
| native_name = 
| native_name_lang =
| other_name = Parappanad
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Municipality
| image_skyline = Parappanangadi Railway Station name board.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Parappanangadi Railway Station
| pushpin_map = India Kerala
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Kerala, India
| coordinates = {{coord|11|02|59|N|75|51|27|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Kerala]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = Malappuram
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body = Parappanangadi Municipality
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 22.5
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 71239
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes = <ref name="Parappanangadi population">{{cite web |title=Population of Parappanangadi |url=https://parappanangadimunicipality.lsgkerala.gov.in/en/about-us |website=parappanangadimunicipality.lsgkerala.gov.in |access-date=14 July 2020}}</ref>
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]], English
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 676303
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 0494
| registration_plate = [[List of RTO districts in India#KL.E2.80.94Kerala|KL]]-55, [[List of RTO districts in India#KL.E2.80.94Kerala|KL]]-65, [[List of RTO districts in India#KL.E2.80.94Kerala|KL]]-10
| blank1_name_sec1 = Nearest city
| blank1_info_sec1 = Malappuram
| blank2_name_sec1 = Literacy
| blank2_info_sec1 = 100%{{citation needed|date=December 2019}}
| blank3_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank3_info_sec1 = Ponnani
| blank4_name_sec1 = Civic agency
| blank4_info_sec1 = Parappanangadi Municipality
| blank1_name_sec2 = [[Climate of India|Climate]]
| blank1_info_sec2 = [[Climatic regions of India|normal]] <small>([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]])</small>
| website = {{URL|https://parappanangadimunicipality.lsgkerala.gov.in/ml}}
| footnotes =
}}
'''Parappanangadi''', {{IPA-ml|pɐɾɐpːɐn̺ɐŋːɐːɖi|IPA}}, is a major town and a municipality in [[Tirurangadi]] taluk of [[Malappuram district]], [[Kerala]], India. It is a coastal town located close to the [[Arabian sea]]. [[Parappanangadi Railway Station]] is one of the oldest railway stations in Kerala. It was a part of the first rail route ([[Tirur]]–[[Chaliyam]]) in Kerala.<ref>{{cite web|title=Kerala Travels|url=http://www.keralatravels.com/resourcepage.php?sid=14&rid=128}}</ref> Parappanangadi is located {{cvt|9|km}} north of [[Tanur, Malappuram|Tanur]] on [[Tirur]]-[[Kadalundi]] Tipu Sultan Road.<ref name="tps">{{Cite news|title=ആ ചൂളംവിളി പിന്നെയും പിന്നെയും...|url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/malappuram/specials/50-years-of-malappuram/kerala-first-railway-line-tirur-to-beypore-1.3880175|date=17 June 2019|access-date=19 December 2020|work=Mathrubhumi}}</ref> The town lies on the bank of [[Kadalundi River]].<ref name="geographymalappuram">{{cite web |url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/3205_PART_A_MALAPPURAM.pdf |website= censusindia.gov.in |title=Physical divisions of Malappuram |pages = 21–22 |access-date= 18 April 2020}}</ref> Parappanangadi town is located north of the estuary of Poorappuzha River, which is a tributary of [[Kadalundi River]], and south of the estuary of [[Kadalundi River]], which lies in [[Vallikkunnu]].<ref name="geographymalappuram"/> Parappanangadi was one of the major ports in the southwestern coast of India during the medieval period.<ref name="Logan"/> It was ruled by the kingdom of [[Parappanad]], who were vassals to the [[Zamorin of Calicut]], and had the jurisdiction up to [[Beypore]] port to the north.<ref name="Logan"/> In the early medieval period, under the chiefs of [[Kozhikode]] and Parappanangadi, Parappanangadi developed as one of the important maritime trade centre on the [[Malabar Coast]].<ref name="Logan"/> Later it became a part of [[Eranad Taluk]] in [[Malabar District]] under [[British Raj]].<ref name="Logan"/>

Nadukani-Parappanangadi Road connects the coastal area of Malappuram district with the easternmost hilly border at ''Nadukani Churam'' bordering [[Nilgiris district]] of [[Tamil Nadu]], near [[Nilambur]].<ref name="npr">{{cite news |url=https://www.manoramaonline.com/district-news/malappuram/2020/02/12/malappuram-tirurangadi-nadukani-parappanangadi-road-taring.amp.html |title=നാടുകാണി–പരപ്പനങ്ങാടി റോഡ് ടാറിങ് തുടങ്ങി; വീതികൂട്ടലും ഓടനിർമാണവും പിന്നീട് |date=12 February 2020 |last=Special Correspondent|publisher=Manorama Online}}</ref> It passes through major towns such as [[Tirurangadi]], [[Malappuram]], [[Manjeri]], and [[Nilambur]], before reaching the Nadukani [[Ghat Roads|Ghat Road]].<ref name="npr"/> The [[Koyi Thampuran]]s of [[Travancore]] belongs to [[Parappanad]] Royal Family. Parappanad royal family is a cousin dynasty of the [[Travancore royal family]].

==History==
{{See also|Zamorin|Parappanad}}
[[File:Periplous of the Erythraean Sea.svg|thumbnail|Names, routes and locations of the ''[[Periplus of the Erythraean Sea]]'' (1st century CE)]]
[[File:Thooval theeram.jpg|thumbnail|Thooval Theeram beach]]
This town was the headquarters of [[Parappanad]] Kingdom during the medieval period.<ref name="1961_kkd">{{Cite book|title=District Census Handbook (2) - Kozhikode (1961)|last=Devassy|first=M. K.|publisher=Government of Kerala|year=1965|location=Ernakulam|url=http://lsi.gov.in:8081/jspui/bitstream/123456789/5665/1/22059_1961_KOZ.pdf}}</ref> Parappanangadi, which was then an important centre of trade, was known by the name ''Barburankad'' to the [[Arab]]s.<ref name="S. Muhammad Hussain Nainar 1942">{{cite book
| author = S. Muhammad Hussain Nainar | year=1942
| title= Tuhfat-al-Mujahidin: An Historical Work in The Arabic Language | publisher=University of Madras
| url= https://archive.org/details/Tuhfat-al-MujahidinAnHistoricalWorkInTheArabicLanguage
}}</ref> The kingdom of [[Parappanad]] had right over [[Vallikkunnu]]-[[Kadalundi]]-[[Chaliyam]]-[[Beypore]] region, which is often identified with the ancient maritime trading port of [[Tyndis]], which was a major center of trade, next only to [[Muziris]], between the [[Chera dynasty|Chera]]s and the [[Roman Empire]], during [[Sangam period]] (1st-4th century CE).<ref>Coastal Histories: Society and Ecology in Pre-modern India, Yogesh Sharma, Primus Books 2010</ref>

[[Pliny the Elder]] (1st century CE) states that the port of ''[[Tyndis]]'' was located at the northwestern border of ''Keprobotos'' ([[Chera dynasty]]).<ref name=":2">Gurukkal, R., & Whittaker, D. (2001). In search of Muziris. ''Journal of Roman Archaeology,'' ''14'', 334-350.</ref> The [[North Malabar]] region, which lies north of the port at ''[[Tyndis]]'', was ruled by the kingdom of [[Ezhimala]] during [[Sangam period]].<ref name="Malabar">A. Shreedhara Menon, A Survey of Kerala History</ref> According to the ''[[Periplus of the Erythraean Sea]]'', a region known as ''[[Limyrike]]'' began at ''[[Kannur|Naura]]'' and ''[[Tyndis]]''. However the [[Ptolemy]] mentions only ''[[Tyndis]]'' as the ''[[Limyrike]]'''s starting point. The region probably ended at [[Kanyakumari]]; it thus roughly corresponds to the present-day [[Malabar Coast]]. The value of Rome's annual trade with the region was estimated at around 50,000,000 [[sesterces]].<ref>According to [[Pliny the Elder]], goods from India were sold in the Empire at 100 times their original purchase price. See [https://web.archive.org/web/20131106031753/http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/BookLibrary/books/bibliographie/P/Plinyelder/elder/pliny-india.html]</ref> [[Pliny the Elder]] mentioned that ''[[Limyrike]]'' was prone by pirates.<ref>Bostock, John (1855). "26 (Voyages to India)". Pliny the Elder, The Natural History. London: Taylor and Francis.</ref> The [[Cosmas Indicopleustes]] mentioned that the ''[[Limyrike]]'' was a source of peppers.<ref>Indicopleustes, Cosmas (1897). Christian Topography. 11. United Kingdom: The Tertullian Project. pp. 358–373.</ref><ref>Das, Santosh Kumar (2006). The Economic History of Ancient India. Genesis Publishing Pvt Ltd. p. 301.</ref>

According to the [[Legend of Cheraman Perumals]], the first Indian mosque was built in 624 AD at [[Kodungallur]] with the mandate of the last the ruler (the Cheraman Perumal) of [[Chera dynasty]], who converted to Islam during the lifetime of [[Muhammad|Prophet Muhammad]] (c. 570–632).<ref>{{cite book |author=Jonathan Goldstein |title=The Jews of China |publisher=M. E. Sharpe |year=1999|isbn=9780765601049 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8Z6DlzyT2vwC |page=123}}</ref><ref name="SimpsonKresse2008">{{cite book |author1=Edward Simpson|author2=Kai Kresse|title=Struggling with History: Islam and Cosmopolitanism in the Western Indian Ocean|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w0qHKA7zEaEC&pg=PA333|access-date=24 July 2012 |year=2008|publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=978-0-231-70024-5|pages=333}}</ref><ref name="Kupferschmidt1987">{{cite book|author=Uri M. Kupferschmidt|title=The Supreme Muslim Council: Islam Under the British Mandate for Palestine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ChEVAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA458|access-date=25 July 2012|year=1987|publisher=Brill|isbn=978-90-04-07929-8|pages=458–459}}</ref><ref name="Raṇṭattāṇi2007">{{cite book|author=Husain Raṇṭattāṇi|title=Mappila Muslims: A Study on Society and Anti Colonial Struggles |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xlb5BrabQd8C&pg=PA179|access-date=25 July 2012|year=2007|publisher=Other Books|isbn=978-81-903887-8-8|pages=179–}}</ref> According to ''[[Qissat Shakarwati Farmad]]'', the [[Mosque|''Masjids'']] at [[Kodungallur]], [[Kollam]], Madayi, [[Barkur]], [[Mangalore]], [[Kasaragod]], [[Kannur]], [[Dharmadam]], [[Koyilandy|Panthalayini]], and [[Chaliyam]] (Chaliyam was a part of [[Parappanad]]), were built during the era of [[Malik Dinar]], and they are among the oldest ''Masjid''s in [[Indian Subcontinent]].<ref>Prange, Sebastian R. ''Monsoon Islam: Trade and Faith on the Medieval Malabar Coast.'' Cambridge University Press, 2018. 98.</ref> It is believed that [[Malik Dinar]] was died at [[Thalangara]] in [[Kasaragod]] town.<ref name="ch">Pg 58, Cultural heritage of [[Kerala]]: an introduction, A. Sreedhara Menon, East-West Publications, 1978</ref>
[[File:Wikipedia OldMysore.jpg|thumbnail|An old map of Parappanangadi on [[Malabar Coast]] during [[Kingdom of Mysore|Mysore rule]] (Late 18th century CE)]]
The palace of the Kshatriya family of Parappanad Rajas is located at a short distance from [[Parappanangadi Railway Station]].<ref name="1961_kkd"/> It was from this family that the consorts of the Rani's [[Travancore]] family were usually selected.<ref name="1961_kkd"/> In 1425, the country was divided into Northern Parappanad (''Beypore Swaroopam'') and Southern Parappanad (''Parappur Swaroopam'').<ref name="Logan">{{Cite book|title=Malabar Manual (Volume-I)|last=Logan|first=William|publisher=Asian Educational Services|year=2010|isbn=9788120604476|location=New Delhi|pages=631–666}}</ref> The rulers of ''Parappanad Swaroopam'' were vassals to the [[Zamorin of Calicut|Zamorins of Calicut]].<ref name="1961_kkd"/> The rulers of Parappanad were one of the ''Kshatriya'' claiming lineages of medieval Kerala along with the [[Kingdom of Tanur|neighbouring ''Vettathunad'' rulers]] and the [[Cochin royal family|Cochin Royal Family]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Unni|first=K. Raman|date=1961-05-31|title=Caste in south Malabar a study of social stratification in south Malabar|url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/10603/60261|journal=Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda|language=en|pages=108|via=Shodhganga}}</ref> Parappanangadi was one of the important coastal towns under the Zamorin rule and was one of the major trade centres of the medieval Kerala coast.<ref name="K.V">K. V. Krishna Iyer ''Zamorins of Calicut: From the Earliest Times to AD 1806''. Calicut: Norman Printing Bureau, 1938</ref> [[Arab]] traders had the monopoly of trade until 15th century CE.<ref name="K.V"/> In 1573, the Portuguese seems to have burnt this town.<ref name="S. Muhammad Hussain Nainar 1942"/>

The Schools built by ''Basel Evangelistic Mission'' (BEM) at Parappanangadi and [[Ponnani]] during colonial era, have their positions among the oldest modern schools in Kerala.<ref name="mal">{{Cite news|title=അമ്പതിന്റെ നിറവില്‍ മലപ്പുറം; മലപ്പുറത്തിന്റെ മാനവിക മഹാപൈതൃകം|url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/malappuram/specials/50-years-of-malappuram/alamkode-leelakrishnan-writes-about-malappuram-1.3880292|last=Leelakrishnan|first=Alamkode|date=17 June 2019|work=Mathrubhumi}}</ref> During colonial period, Parappanangadi was placed under the [[Eranad]] [[Tehsil|Taluk]] of [[Malabar District]].<ref name="Logan"/> Later in 1957, it became a part of [[Tirur Taluk]], when the Taluk was formed.<ref name="1961_kkd"/> In 1990's Parappanangadi became a part of the newly formed Tirurangadi Taluk.<ref name="c2011">{{cite book |last1=Directorate of Census Operations, Kerala |title=District Census Handbook, Malappuram |publisher=Directorate of Census Operations, Kerala |location=Thiruvananthapuram |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/3205_PART_B_MALAPPURAM.pdf}}</ref>

===Lakshmipuram Palace===
{{See also|Lakshmipuram Palace}}
[[Lakshmipuram Palace]] is the royal palace of the [[Parappanad|Parappanad royal families]] at [[Changanassery]]. Palace is located at [[Puzhavathu]] near to Kavil Bhagavathy Temple.<ref>P. Shungoonny Menon - A HISTORY OF TRAVANCORE - First edition: 1878 , New edition: 1983, Page 130, 131 - {{ISBN|978-8170200406}}</ref> The Lakshmipuram Palace was built in 1811 AD by Travancore ruler [[Gowri Lakshmi Bayi|Maharani Ayilyom Thirunal Gouri Lakshmi Bayi]] (1791–1815) on behalf of the family of her husband [[Raja Raja Varma Koil Thampuran|Raja Raja Varma Valiya Koil Thampuran]].<ref>The Travancore State Manual Vol 1 to 4; Publisher : Kerala Council for Historical Research; {{ISBN|8185499268}}; Edition : 1996; Pages: 2500; Author:T.K. Velu Pillai; Editor:S.Raimon; Category:Manuals; Year of Publishing:1940</ref> Until then, the royal family at the [[Neerazhi Palace]] in Changanacherry had been moved to newly built Lakshmipuram Palace.<ref>Encyclopedia of Tourism Resources in India; Author: Dr. Manohar Sajnani, Published in 2001, Published by: Kalpaz Publications; Address: C-30, Satyawati Nagar, Phase-III, Ashok Vihar, Delhi-110052, {{ISBN|81-7835-014-9}} (set), {{ISBN|81-7835-018-1}} (Vol II)</ref>

One of the royal families from Parappanad settled in Neerazhi Palace in the 18th century.<ref>Menon, P Shungoonny (1878). History of Travancore from the Earliest Times by P Shungoonny Menon (Dewan Peishcar of Travancore). 105, Mount Road, Madras: Higginbotham and Company. pp. 152, 153.</ref>

[[Raja Raja Varma Koil Thampuran]], father of [[Travancore]] [[Swathi Thirunal Rama Varma|Maharaja Swathi Thirunal Rama Varma]], was born in Neerazhi Palace in Changanassery. He was part of the royal family of erstwhile [[Parappanad]] (Parappangadi and Beypore), [[Malabar Coast|Malabar]].<ref>Visakham Thirunal - Editor: Lennox Raphael Eyvindr - {{ISBN|9786139120642}}</ref> [[Gowri Lakshmi Bayi|Maharani Ayilyom Thirunal Gouri Lakshmi Bayi]] built a new palace in Changanassery for her husband and his family members during her reign in 1811, which was called [[Lakshmipuram Palace]]. Until then, the royal family lived in Neerazhi Palace at [[Puzhavathu]].<ref>History of Travancore from the Earliest Times - P. Shungoonny Menon - {{ISBN|8120601696}} - Published By: Asian Educational Services</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Visakham Thirunal |year=2012 |editor1=Lennox Raphael Eyvindr |pages=168 |isbn=978-6139120642}}</ref>

===Kilimanoor palace===
{{See also|Kilimanoor palace}}
In 1705 ([[Malayalam era|ME]] 880) the son and two daughters of Ittammar Raja of [[Parappanad]] royal house were adopted into the Royal house of [[Venad]]. Ittammar Raja's sister and her sons, Rama Varma and Raghava Varma, settled in Kilimanoor and married the now adopted sisters. [[Marthanda Varma]], the founder of the Kingdom of [[Travancore]], was the son of Raghava Varma. The nephew<ref>Sister's son. According to the matrilineal system prevalent at that time children born of the female members only belonged to that house.</ref> of Raghava Varma, Ravi Varma Koil Thampuran, married the sister of Marthanda Varma. Their son became known as [[Dharma Raja]] Kartika Thirunnal Rama Varma.

In 1740 when an allied force,<ref>The forces were from Kochi, Thekkumkoor, Deshinganad (present kollam) and Purakkad who had enmity towards Marthanda Varma</ref> led by Dutchman Captain Hockert supporting the Deshinganadu King, attacked Venad, an army from Kilimanoor resisted and then defeated them. Although a small victory, this was the first time an Indian army had defeated a European power. In 1753, in recognition of this feat, Marthanda Varma exempted the areas controlled by the Kilimanoor palace<ref>Most of the area under the present Kilimanoor and ''Pazhayakunnummel'' [[panchayat]]s.</ref> from taxes, and granted them autonomous status.<ref>Although under his kingdom</ref> The present palace complex was built at this time, together with the Ayyappa temple.<ref>The original temple being at ''Nerumkaithakotta'', near Kozhikode</ref> for the family deity, ''Sastha'' or Ayyapan.<ref>It is also said{{by whom|date=November 2012}} Shaastha and Ayyappa are different</ref>

[[Velu Thampi Dalawa|Velu Thampi]] [[Dewan|Dalawa]] held meetings at Kilimanoor palace while planning uprisings against the British. He handed over his sword at the palace before going into his final battle against the British, and India's first President, Dr [[Rajendra Prasad]] received this sword from the palace and it was kept in the [[National Museum, New Delhi|National Museum]] in [[Delhi]]. Afterwards the sword was moved to the Napier Museum, Trivandrum.
[[File:studiorrv.jpg|thumb|right|Birthplace of [[Raja Ravi Varma]] with his studio in the foreground]]

==Civic administration==
The town is administered by Parappanangadi Municipal Council, headed by a Chairman/Chairperson. For administrative purposes, the town is divided into 45 [[Ward (country subdivision)|wards]],<ref name="ppn_mpty">{{Cite web|url=https://lsgkerala.gov.in/en/lbelection/electdmemberdet/2020/1275|title=Parappanangadi municipality|access-date=2021-03-25|website=lsgkerala}}</ref> from which the members of the municipal council are elected for a term of five years.
<mapframe text="Parappanangadi Municipality" width=300 height=300 align=center >{ "type": "ExternalData", "service": "geoshape", "ids": "Q7135756"}</mapframe>

===[[2020 Kerala local body elections|Parappanangadi Municipality]] Election 2020<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://trend.kerala.gov.in/views/index.php|title=Parappanangadi Municipality election 2020|access-date=2020-12-09|website=lbtrend}}</ref>===
{|class="sortable wikitable"
|-
!S.No. !! Party Name !! Party symbol !! Number of Councillors
|-
| 01 || [[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|UDF]] || [[File:UDF kerala 2.O.jpg|50px]] || 27
|-
| 02 || Independents || [[File:No flag.svg|75px]] || 09
|-
| 03 || [[Left Democratic Front (Kerala)|LDF]] ||[[File:LDF LOGO.svg|50px]] || 06
|-
| 04 || [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] ||[[File:BJP election symbol.svg -783x768.png|50px]] || 03
|}

===Law and Order===
The municipality comes under the jurisdiction of the Parappanangadi police station, which was formed on 22 June 1979.<ref name="ps">{{Cite web|url=https://malappuram.keralapolice.gov.in/wings/police-stations/parappanangadi-ps|title=Parappanangadi PS|access-date=2021-03-25|website=Kerala police}}</ref> The station is located on [[Neduva]] area of Parappanangadi Municipality.<ref name="ps"/> The station has the jurisdiction over the municipality of Parappanangadi and the [[Gram panchayat]] of [[Vallikkunnu]] (Four Revenue villages namely Parappanangadi, Vallikkunnu, [[Neduva]], and [[Ariyallur]]).<ref name="ps"/>

The jurisdictional courts of Parappanangadi Police Station are Judicial First Class Magistrate Court Parappanangadi, Parappanangadi Munsiff Court, Subdivisional Magistrate Court [[Tirur]], and Sessions Court [[Manjeri]].<ref name="ps"/>

The border police stations are headquartered at [[Tenhipalam]], [[Tanur, Malappuram|Tanur]], and [[Tirurangadi]].<ref name="ps"/> Parappanangadi Police Station comes under the Tanur subdivision of Malappuram District Police, which is also one among six subdivisions of district police.<ref name="sd">{{Cite web|url=https://malappuram.keralapolice.gov.in/wings/sub-divisional-offices/tanur-subdivision|title=Tanur Subdivision|access-date=2021-03-24|website=Kerala police}}</ref>

====Important Courts at Parappanangadi====
* Judicial First Class Magistrate Court - I, Parappanangadi<ref name="ps"/>
* Judicial First Class Magistrate Court - II, Parappanangadi<ref name="ps"/>
* Parappanangadi Munsiff Court<ref name="ps"/>

==Geography==
Parappanangadi Municipality is bounded by [[Arabian Sea]] to west, [[Kadalundi River]] to east, [[Vallikkunnu]] Grama panchayat to north, and [[Tanur, Malappuram|Tanur]] Municipality to south.<ref name="c2011"/>

==Transportation==
[[File:Palathingal Bridge Parappanagadi.jpg|thumbnail|Palathingal bridge, Parappanangadi]]
The nearest airport is at [[Kozhikode Airport|Karipur]]. [[Parappanangadi railway station|Parappanangadi]] has railway station in the Town.<ref name="tps"/> The nearest major railway station is at [[Tirur railway station|Tirur]].<ref name="tps"/>

Nadukani-Parappanangadi Road connects the coastal area of Malappuram district with the easternmost hilly border at ''Nadukani Churam'' bordering [[Nilgiris district]] of [[Tamil Nadu]], near [[Nilambur]], passing through major towns such as [[Tirurangadi]], [[Malappuram]], [[Manjeri]], and [[Nilambur]].<ref name="npr"/>

Parappanangadi-[[Manjeri]] Road and Chettippadi-[[Chamravattam]] Road are two important Roads starting/ending at Parappanangadi.<ref name="ps"/> [[Tirur]]-[[Kadalundi]] Tipu Sultan road passes through the town.<ref name="tps"/>

==Wards of Parappanangadi==
[[File:Parappanangadi Beach.JPG|thumbnail|Parappanangadi Fishing Harbour]]
Parappanangadi Municipality is composed of the following 45 wards:<ref>{{cite web
|url = http://sec.kerala.gov.in/index.php/Content/index/lsgd
|website = sec.kerala.gov.in
|title = Wards of Parappanangadi
}}</ref>

{|class="sortable" border="2" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"
!width="20px" |Ward no.
!width="75px" |Name
!width="20px" |Ward no.
!width="75px" |Name
|-
|1
|Vadakke Kadappuram
|2
|Laksham Veedu
|-
|3
|Health Centre
|4
|Chettipadi East
|-
|5
|Anappadi
|6
|Moduvingal
|-
|7
|Keezhchira
|8
|Kovilakam
|-
|9
|Ullanam Town
|10
|Ullanam North
|-
|11
|Edathiruthikkadavu
|12
|Thayyilappadi
|-
|13
|Panayathil
|14
|Putharikkal
|-
|15
|Stadium
|16
|Attakuzhingara
|-
|17
|Karinkavu
|18
|Karingallathani
|-
|19
|Palathingal
|20
|Keezhanalloor
|-
|21
|Kottanthala
|22
|Naseeb Nagar
|-
|23
|Chiramangalam South
|24
|Chiramangalam
|-
|25
|Uppunipuram
|26
|Aviyil Beach
|-
|27
|Kurikkal Road
|28
|Puthen Kadappuram
|-
|29
|Saddam Beach
|30
|Puthen Kadappuram South
|-
|31
|NCC Road
|32
|Parappanangadi South
|-
|33
|Parappanangadi Town
|34
|Puthen Kadappuram
|-
|35
|Ottummal South
|36
|Chappappadi
|-
|37
|Anjappura
|38
|[[Neduva]]
|-
|39
|Kodappalli
|40
|Angadi
|-
|41
|Yarathingal
|42
|Chengattupadam
|-
|43
|Chettipadi
|44
|Alungal South
|-
|45
|Alungal North
|
|
|}

==Notable individuals from Parappanangadi==
[[Kerala Varma Valiya Koil Thampuran|Kerala Varma Valiya Koyi Thampuran]] (Kerala Kalidasan), [[Raja Raja Varma]] (Kerala Panini) and [[Raja Ravi Varma]] (Famous Painter) are from different branches of Parappanad Raja Vamsam (Clan) which migrated to Harippad, Changanassery, Mavelikkara and Kilimanoor.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Visakham thirunal.|date=2012|publisher=Duc|isbn=978-613-9-12064-2|location=[Place of publication not identified]|oclc=940373421}}</ref> [[Marthanda Varma]], the founder of [[Travancore]], belongs to [[Parappanad]] royal family. The former Chief Editor of the daily "[[The Hindu]]" (1898 to 1905) and Founder Chief Editor of "The Indian Patriot" Divan Bahadur Cozhisseri Karunakara Menon (1863–1922) was also from Parappanangadi.<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/somemadrasleader00allauoft|title=Some Madras Leaders|date=1922|publisher=Allahabad Printed at Standard Press}}</ref> [[O. Chandu Menon]] wrote his novels "Indulekha" and "Saradha" while he was the judge at Parappanangadi Munciff Court. ''Indulekha'' is also the first Major Novel written in [[Malayalam]] language. Twentieth century Islamic scholar, reformer in Islamic education in [[Kerala]], founder of [[Kerala Nadvathul Mujahideen#Kerala Jamiyyathul Ulama|Kerala Jamiyyathul Ulama]]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PCBdogPnnqsC&q=mcc&pg=PA36|title=Educational Empowerment of Kerala Muslims: A Socio-historical Perspective|last=Mohammed|first=U.|date=2007|publisher=Other Books|isbn=978-81-903887-3-3|language=en}}</ref> and [[Madeenathul Uloom Arabic College]] <ref>{{cite web |title=Madeenathul Uloom Arabic College |url=http://www.muacollege.ac.in/eng/ |website=www.muacollege.ac.in}}</ref> M.C.C Abdul Rahman Moulavi (1906–1964) was from Parappanangadi. He was the son of [[Chalilakath Kunahmed Haji]], a renowned Islamic scholar and reformist. Former Education Minister of Kerala,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.kerala.gov.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=119&Itemid=2287|title=Council of Ministers|date=2011-10-28|access-date=2020-02-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111028162602/http://www.kerala.gov.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=119&Itemid=2287|archive-date=28 October 2011}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{commons category|Parappanangadi}}

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== External links ==
* [https://parappanangadimunicipality.lsgkerala.gov.in/ml/ Official website]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20191013043120/https://keralapanchayatelection2020.keralas.info/ Remaining Date for Parappanangadi Municipality Election 2020]
* [http://www.facebook.com/parrapanangaditown Parappanangadi Town]

[[Category:Parappanangadi area]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Malappuram district]]
[[Category:Populated coastal places in India]]

Parappanangadi - Revision history

106.216.137.28 at 16:51, 1 October 2021