Param Vir Chakra - Revision history

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	{{Infobox military award		{{Infobox military award
	\| Name = Param Vir Chakra		\| Name = Param Vir Chakra
	\| image =~~[[File:Param Vir Chakra Front and Back.png\|300px]]~~<br><br>[[File:Param-Vir-Chakra-ribbon.svg\|150px]]		\| image =<br><br>[[File:Param-Vir-Chakra-ribbon.svg\|150px]]
	\| caption = Param Vir Chakra and its ribbon		\| caption = Param Vir Chakra and its ribbon
	\| presenter =the [[President of India]]		\| presenter =the [[President of India]]

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	{{Use dmy dates\|date=January ~~2022~~}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=January 2017}}
	{{Infobox military award		{{Infobox military award
	\| Name = Param Vir Chakra		\| Name = Param Vir Chakra
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	\| lower =[[File:Padma Vibhushan Ribbon.svg\|55px]] [[Padma Vibhushan]]{{efn\|Padma Vibhushan is the medal/honour lower than PVC in order of precedence/wearing}}		\| lower =[[File:Padma Vibhushan Ribbon.svg\|55px]] [[Padma Vibhushan]]{{efn\|Padma Vibhushan is the medal/honour lower than PVC in order of precedence/wearing}}
	}}		}}
	The '''Param Vir Chakra''' ('''PVC''') is [[India]]'s highest [[Awards and Decorations of the Indian Armed Forces\|military decoration]], awarded for displaying distinguished acts of valour during wartime.<ref name=gov/>{{Sfn\|Higgins\|2016\|p=42}} Param Vir Chakra translates as the "Wheel of the Ultimate Brave", and the award is granted for "most conspicuous bravery in the presence of the enemy". {{As of\|January ~~2022~~}}, the medal has been awarded 21 times, of which 14 were posthumous and 16 arose from actions in [[Indo-Pakistani conflicts]].{{Sfn\|NCERT\|2016\|p=11}}<ref name="7 Facts Average Indian Doesn’t Know About Param Vir Chakra">{{cite web\|author1=Priya Aurora\|title=7 Facts Average Indian Doesn't Know About Param Vir Chakra\|url=http://topyaps.com/7-facts-average-indian-doesnt-know-about-param-vir-chakra\|website=Topyaps\|access-date=4 September 2016\|date=27 December 2013\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160920125041/http://topyaps.com/7-facts-average-indian-doesnt-know-about-param-vir-chakra\|archive-date=20 September 2016\|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Of the 21 awardees, 20 have been from the [[Indian Army]], and one has been from the [[Indian Air Force]]. Major [[Somnath Sharma]], was the first recipient. A number of state governments of India as well as ministries of the central government provide allowances and rewards to recipients of the PVC (or their family members in case of the recipient's death).		The '''Param Vir Chakra''' ('''PVC''') is [[India]]'s highest [[Awards and Decorations of the Indian Armed Forces\|military decoration]], awarded for displaying distinguished acts of valour during wartime.<ref name=gov/>{{Sfn\|Higgins\|2016\|p=42}} Param Vir Chakra translates as the "Wheel of the Ultimate Brave", and the award is granted for "most conspicuous bravery in the presence of the enemy". {{As of\|January 2018}}, the medal has been awarded 21 times, of which 14 were posthumous and 16 arose from actions in [[Indo-Pakistani conflicts]].{{Sfn\|NCERT\|2016\|p=11}}<ref name="7 Facts Average Indian Doesn’t Know About Param Vir Chakra">{{cite web\|author1=Priya Aurora\|title=7 Facts Average Indian Doesn't Know About Param Vir Chakra\|url=http://topyaps.com/7-facts-average-indian-doesnt-know-about-param-vir-chakra\|website=Topyaps\|access-date=4 September 2016\|date=27 December 2013\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160920125041/http://topyaps.com/7-facts-average-indian-doesnt-know-about-param-vir-chakra\|archive-date=20 September 2016\|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Of the 21 awardees, 20 have been from the [[Indian Army]], and one has been from the [[Indian Air Force]]. Major [[Somnath Sharma]], was the first recipient. A number of state governments of India as well as ministries of the central government provide allowances and rewards to recipients of the PVC (or their family members in case of the recipient's death).

	The history of present-day Indian gallantry awards can be traced back to the rule of the [[East India Company]], when the first formal award was instituted by [[Lord William Bentinck]] in 1834 as the Order of Merit, later renamed the [[Indian Order of Merit]] in 1902. During the [[First World War]], the British awards system was adopted and continued through the [[Second World War]]. Post-independence, new awards were instituted on [[Republic Day (India)\|26{{nbsp}}January 1950]], with retroactive effect from [[Independence Day (India)\|15{{nbsp}}August 1947]]. The PVC is equivalent to the [[Victoria Cross]] in the [[United Kingdom]] and the [[Medal of Honor]] in the [[United States]].		The history of present-day Indian gallantry awards can be traced back to the rule of the [[East India Company]], when the first formal award was instituted by [[Lord William Bentinck]] in 1834 as the Order of Merit, later renamed the [[Indian Order of Merit]] in 1902. During the [[First World War]], the British awards system was adopted and continued through the [[Second World War]]. Post-independence, new awards were instituted on [[Republic Day (India)\|26{{nbsp}}January 1950]], with retroactive effect from [[Independence Day (India)\|15{{nbsp}}August 1947]]. The PVC is equivalent to the [[Victoria Cross]] in the [[United Kingdom]] and the [[Medal of Honor]] in the [[United States]].
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	Therefore, the draft warrants to formally establish the new gallantry awards were not put into effect. On 1{{nbsp}}January 1949, a ceasefire was implemented in [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)\|Jammu and Kashmir]], and as it was becoming too late to honour acts of heroism from the 1947–1948 Indo-Pakistani War, Nehru forwarded the draft warrants to Governor-General [[C. Rajagopalachari\|Chakravarti Rajagopalachari]] to "institute the awards as your own". But Rajagopalachari felt that, as India was still a dominion, it would be inappropriate for him to establish the awards without the King's approval.{{Sfn\|Cardozo\|2003\|p=6}} He instead suggested to Nehru that, as India was to become a republic on 26{{nbsp}}January 1950, it would be appropriate to announce the establishment of the awards on that date, but with retroactive effect from 15{{nbsp}}August 1947.{{Sfn\|Cardozo\|2003\|p=7}}		Therefore, the draft warrants to formally establish the new gallantry awards were not put into effect. On 1{{nbsp}}January 1949, a ceasefire was implemented in [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)\|Jammu and Kashmir]], and as it was becoming too late to honour acts of heroism from the 1947–1948 Indo-Pakistani War, Nehru forwarded the draft warrants to Governor-General [[C. Rajagopalachari\|Chakravarti Rajagopalachari]] to "institute the awards as your own". But Rajagopalachari felt that, as India was still a dominion, it would be inappropriate for him to establish the awards without the King's approval.{{Sfn\|Cardozo\|2003\|p=6}} He instead suggested to Nehru that, as India was to become a republic on 26{{nbsp}}January 1950, it would be appropriate to announce the establishment of the awards on that date, but with retroactive effect from 15{{nbsp}}August 1947.{{Sfn\|Cardozo\|2003\|p=7}}

	On 26{{nbsp}}January 1950, now celebrated as [[Republic Day of India]], the PVC was established by [[Rajendra Prasad]], the first [[President of India]], with effect from 15{{nbsp}}August 1947 ([[Independence Day of India]]).<ref name="11 Facts You Need To Know About The Param Vir Chakra">{{cite web\|title=11 Facts You Need To Know About The Param Vir Chakra\|url=http://www.indiatimes.com/culture/who-we-are/11-facts-you-need-to-know-about-the-param-vir-chakra-231518.html\|website=Indiatimes\|access-date=4 September 2016\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160917191121/http://www.indiatimes.com/culture/who-we-are/11-facts-you-need-to-know-about-the-param-vir-chakra-231518.html\|archive-date=17 September 2016\|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref name=gov>{{cite web \| title = Param Vir Chakra (PVC) \| publisher = India: National Portal of India \| url = http://knowindia.gov.in/myindia/myindia_frame.php?id=13 \| access-date = 13 August 2014 \| url-status = dead \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140814213528/http://knowindia.gov.in/myindia/myindia_frame.php?id=13 \| archive-date = 14 August 2014 \| df = dmy-all }}</ref> Provision was made in the event a PVC recipient was to receive a further award of the medal; if this were to arise, the recipient would receive a [[Medal bar\|bar]] to their existing PVC, along with a gift of a replica of the ''[[vajra]]'' (club), the weapon of [[Indra]], the god of heaven.<ref name=gov/> {{As of\|January ~~2022~~}}, no instances of an individual being conferred with a second PVC have arisen. The medal carries with it the right to use "PVC" as a [[Post-nominal letters\|post-nominal]].<ref name="11 Facts You Need To Know About The Param Vir Chakra" />		On 26{{nbsp}}January 1950, now celebrated as [[Republic Day of India]], the PVC was established by [[Rajendra Prasad]], the first [[President of India]], with effect from 15{{nbsp}}August 1947 ([[Independence Day of India]]).<ref name="11 Facts You Need To Know About The Param Vir Chakra">{{cite web\|title=11 Facts You Need To Know About The Param Vir Chakra\|url=http://www.indiatimes.com/culture/who-we-are/11-facts-you-need-to-know-about-the-param-vir-chakra-231518.html\|website=Indiatimes\|access-date=4 September 2016\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160917191121/http://www.indiatimes.com/culture/who-we-are/11-facts-you-need-to-know-about-the-param-vir-chakra-231518.html\|archive-date=17 September 2016\|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref name=gov>{{cite web \| title = Param Vir Chakra (PVC) \| publisher = India: National Portal of India \| url = http://knowindia.gov.in/myindia/myindia_frame.php?id=13 \| access-date = 13 August 2014 \| url-status = dead \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140814213528/http://knowindia.gov.in/myindia/myindia_frame.php?id=13 \| archive-date = 14 August 2014 \| df = dmy-all }}</ref> Provision was made in the event a PVC recipient was to receive a further award of the medal; if this were to arise, the recipient would receive a [[Medal bar\|bar]] to their existing PVC, along with a gift of a replica of the ''[[vajra]]'' (club), the weapon of [[Indra]], the god of heaven.<ref name=gov/> {{As of\|January 2018}}, no instances of an individual being conferred with a second PVC have arisen. The medal carries with it the right to use "PVC" as a [[Post-nominal letters\|post-nominal]].<ref name="11 Facts You Need To Know About The Param Vir Chakra" />

	==Regulations==		==Regulations==
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	The PVC has been awarded 21 times, of which 14 were awarded posthumously and 16 arose from actions in Indo-Pakistani conflicts.{{Sfn\|NCERT\|2016\|p=5}}<ref name=hindu/> Of the 21 awardees, 20 have been from the Indian Army, and one has been from the [[Indian Air Force]]. [[The Grenadiers]], with three awards, have received the greatest number of Param Vir Chakras. The various [[Gorkha regiments (India)\|Gorkha Rifle regiments of the Indian Army]] have received three awards, with the [[1 Gorkha Rifles\|1]], [[8 Gorkha Rifles\|8]], and [[11 Gorkha Rifles\|11]] Gorkha Rifle regiments each having one PVC recipient.<ref name="Param Vir Chakra winners since 1950">{{cite web\|author1=Indiatimes News Network\|title=Param Vir Chakra Winners Since 1950\|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Param-Vir-Chakra-winners-since-1950/articleshow/2731710.cms\|website=Times of India\|access-date=5 September 2016\|date=25 January 2008\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://archive.today/20161018224154/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Param-Vir-Chakra-winners-since-1950/articleshow/2731710.cms\|archive-date=18 October 2016\|df=dmy-all}}</ref>		The PVC has been awarded 21 times, of which 14 were awarded posthumously and 16 arose from actions in Indo-Pakistani conflicts.{{Sfn\|NCERT\|2016\|p=5}}<ref name=hindu/> Of the 21 awardees, 20 have been from the Indian Army, and one has been from the [[Indian Air Force]]. [[The Grenadiers]], with three awards, have received the greatest number of Param Vir Chakras. The various [[Gorkha regiments (India)\|Gorkha Rifle regiments of the Indian Army]] have received three awards, with the [[1 Gorkha Rifles\|1]], [[8 Gorkha Rifles\|8]], and [[11 Gorkha Rifles\|11]] Gorkha Rifle regiments each having one PVC recipient.<ref name="Param Vir Chakra winners since 1950">{{cite web\|author1=Indiatimes News Network\|title=Param Vir Chakra Winners Since 1950\|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Param-Vir-Chakra-winners-since-1950/articleshow/2731710.cms\|website=Times of India\|access-date=5 September 2016\|date=25 January 2008\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://archive.today/20161018224154/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Param-Vir-Chakra-winners-since-1950/articleshow/2731710.cms\|archive-date=18 October 2016\|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

	{{As of\|January ~~2022~~}}, Flying Officer [[Nirmal Jit Singh Sekhon]], who was awarded the Param Vir Chakra posthumously in 1971, is the only Indian Air Force officer to have been honoured with the medal.<ref name=gov/><ref name="Param Vir Chakra winners since 1950"/> [[Subedar-major\|Subedar Major]] [[Bana Singh]], [[Subedar]] [[Sanjay Kumar (soldier)\|Sanjay Kumar]] and [[Subedar]] [[Yogendra Singh Yadav]], are the only living recipients of the award.<ref name=hindu>{{cite web\|url=http://hindu.com/2010/08/08/stories/2010080854580500.htm \|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130629103435/http://hindu.com/2010/08/08/stories/2010080854580500.htm \|url-status=dead \|archive-date=29 June 2013 \|title=Other States / West Bengal News : Living with War Memories that Never Fade \|date=8 August 2010 \|website=[[The Hindu]] \|access-date=10 July ~~2022~~}}</ref>		{{As of\|January 2018}}, Flying Officer [[Nirmal Jit Singh Sekhon]], who was awarded the Param Vir Chakra posthumously in 1971, is the only Indian Air Force officer to have been honoured with the medal.<ref name=gov/><ref name="Param Vir Chakra winners since 1950"/> [[Subedar-major\|Subedar Major]] [[Bana Singh]], [[Subedar]] [[Sanjay Kumar (soldier)\|Sanjay Kumar]] and [[Subedar]] [[Yogendra Singh Yadav]], are the only living recipients of the award.<ref name=hindu>{{cite web\|url=http://hindu.com/2010/08/08/stories/2010080854580500.htm \|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130629103435/http://hindu.com/2010/08/08/stories/2010080854580500.htm \|url-status=dead \|archive-date=29 June 2013 \|title=Other States / West Bengal News : Living with War Memories that Never Fade \|date=8 August 2010 \|website=[[The Hindu]] \|access-date=10 July 2013}}</ref>

	{{legend2\|#e3d9ff\|This along with the *, indicates that the Param Vir Chakra was awarded posthumously.\|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}		{{legend2\|#e3d9ff\|This along with the *, indicates that the Param Vir Chakra was awarded posthumously.\|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
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	The PVC also carries a cash allowance for those under the rank of lieutenant (or the appropriate service equivalent), and in some cases a cash award. Upon the death of the recipient, the [[pension]] is transferred to the spouse until their death or remarriage. In the case of a posthumous recipient who is unmarried, the allowance is paid to their parents. In the case of the award being conferred posthumously on a widow or widower, the allowance is to be paid to their son or unmarried daughter.{{Sfn\|Chakravorty\|1995\|p=48}} A monthly stipend of {{INR}}20,000 is given to the awardee along with their regular pay.<ref name="Param Vir Chakra Indian Navy">{{cite web\|title=Param Vir Chakra IN\|url=http://indiannavy.nic.in/node/409\|website=Indian Navy\|access-date=5 September 2016\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915090135/http://indiannavy.nic.in/node/409\|archive-date=15 September 2016\|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The award amount and pension benefits are exempted from income tax. In addition, different ministries under the [[Government of India\|central government]] have various financial awards for PVC winners.<ref name="How do we Reward the Men in Uniform? A look at the reward extended to Gallantry Award Winners" />		The PVC also carries a cash allowance for those under the rank of lieutenant (or the appropriate service equivalent), and in some cases a cash award. Upon the death of the recipient, the [[pension]] is transferred to the spouse until their death or remarriage. In the case of a posthumous recipient who is unmarried, the allowance is paid to their parents. In the case of the award being conferred posthumously on a widow or widower, the allowance is to be paid to their son or unmarried daughter.{{Sfn\|Chakravorty\|1995\|p=48}} A monthly stipend of {{INR}}20,000 is given to the awardee along with their regular pay.<ref name="Param Vir Chakra Indian Navy">{{cite web\|title=Param Vir Chakra IN\|url=http://indiannavy.nic.in/node/409\|website=Indian Navy\|access-date=5 September 2016\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915090135/http://indiannavy.nic.in/node/409\|archive-date=15 September 2016\|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The award amount and pension benefits are exempted from income tax. In addition, different ministries under the [[Government of India\|central government]] have various financial awards for PVC winners.<ref name="How do we Reward the Men in Uniform? A look at the reward extended to Gallantry Award Winners" />

	A relatively unknown convention in the Indian Army is for a PVC recipient to be saluted, when in ceremonial uniform, by everyone in the Army irrespective of rank, although no legal provision exists.<ref>{{cite web \|last1=Radhakrishnan \|first1=R.K \|title=Serving with honour \|url=https://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/edu/2004/01/26/stories/2004012600220400.htm \|website=[[The Hindu]] \|access-date=29 December ~~2022~~}}{{dead link\|date=April 2021\|bot=medic}}{{cbignore\|bot=medic}}</ref>		A relatively unknown convention in the Indian Army is for a PVC recipient to be saluted, when in ceremonial uniform, by everyone in the Army irrespective of rank, although no legal provision exists.<ref>{{cite web \|last1=Radhakrishnan \|first1=R.K \|title=Serving with honour \|url=https://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/edu/2004/01/26/stories/2004012600220400.htm \|website=[[The Hindu]] \|access-date=29 December 2018}}{{dead link\|date=April 2021\|bot=medic}}{{cbignore\|bot=medic}}</ref>

	===Allowances by state governments===		===Allowances by state governments===
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	Indian [[Punjabi language\|Punjabi]]-language biopic movie ''[[Subedar Joginder Singh (film)\|Subedar Joginder Singh]]'' (2018) is based on [[Joginder Singh (soldier)\|Singh's]] life and his action during Sino-Indian War.<ref>{{Citation\|title=Subedar Joginder Singh Review {2.5/5}: If movies served with a generous dose of national pride are your scene, then this one should not be missed\|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/movie-reviews/subedar-joginder-singh/movie-review/63652256.cms\|access-date=2021-11-28}}</ref>		Indian [[Punjabi language\|Punjabi]]-language biopic movie ''[[Subedar Joginder Singh (film)\|Subedar Joginder Singh]]'' (2018) is based on [[Joginder Singh (soldier)\|Singh's]] life and his action during Sino-Indian War.<ref>{{Citation\|title=Subedar Joginder Singh Review {2.5/5}: If movies served with a generous dose of national pride are your scene, then this one should not be missed\|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/movie-reviews/subedar-joginder-singh/movie-review/63652256.cms\|access-date=2021-11-28}}</ref>

	The [[Bollywood]] film ''[[LOC Kargil]]'' (2003) gives an account of all of the PVC recipients from the [[Kargil War]]. [[Manoj Kumar Pandey\|Lieutenant Manoj Kumar Pandey]] is played by [[Ajay Devgan]], [[Yogendra Singh Yadav\|Subedar Yogendra Singh Yadav]] is played by [[Manoj Bajpayee]], [[Sanjay Kumar (soldier)\|Naib Subedar Sanjay Kumar]] is played by [[Sunil Shetty]], and [[Vikram Batra\|Captain Vikram Batra]] is played by [[Abhishek Bachchan]].<ref name="The Hindu : LOC-Kagil: How `real'?">{{cite web\|title=LOC-Kagil: How 'real'?\|url=http://www.thehindu.com/mag/2004/01/18/stories/2004011800140500.htm\|archive-url=https://archive.today/20150121060212/http://www.thehindu.com/mag/2004/01/18/stories/2004011800140500.htm\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=21 January 2015\|website=[[The Hindu]]\|access-date=5 September ~~2022~~}}</ref>		The [[Bollywood]] film ''[[LOC Kargil]]'' (2003) gives an account of all of the PVC recipients from the [[Kargil War]]. [[Manoj Kumar Pandey\|Lieutenant Manoj Kumar Pandey]] is played by [[Ajay Devgan]], [[Yogendra Singh Yadav\|Subedar Yogendra Singh Yadav]] is played by [[Manoj Bajpayee]], [[Sanjay Kumar (soldier)\|Naib Subedar Sanjay Kumar]] is played by [[Sunil Shetty]], and [[Vikram Batra\|Captain Vikram Batra]] is played by [[Abhishek Bachchan]].<ref name="The Hindu : LOC-Kagil: How `real'?">{{cite web\|title=LOC-Kagil: How 'real'?\|url=http://www.thehindu.com/mag/2004/01/18/stories/2004011800140500.htm\|archive-url=https://archive.today/20150121060212/http://www.thehindu.com/mag/2004/01/18/stories/2004011800140500.htm\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=21 January 2015\|website=[[The Hindu]]\|access-date=5 September 2016}}</ref>

	An upcoming Hindi-language film ''Ekkis'' will focus on the life on [[Arun Khetarpal]], who is the youngest recipient of the award.		An upcoming Hindi-language film ''Ekkis'' will focus on the life on [[Arun Khetarpal]], who is the youngest recipient of the award.

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	[[Category:Orders, decorations, and medals]]		[[Category:Orders, decorations, and medals]]
	[[Category:Military honors]]		[[Category:Military honors]]
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	[[Category:1950s establishments in India]]		[[Category:1950s establishments in India]]


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	\| caption2 =The three living recipients of the Param Vir Chakra Award:<ref name="21 Param Vir Chakra awardees"/> [[Yogendra Singh Yadav]], [[Bana Singh]] and [[Sanjay Kumar (soldier)\|Sanjay Kumar]]		\| caption2 =The three living recipients of the Param Vir Chakra Award:<ref name="21 Param Vir Chakra awardees"/> [[Yogendra Singh Yadav]], [[Bana Singh]] and [[Sanjay Kumar (soldier)\|Sanjay Kumar]]
	}}		}}
	The '''Param Vir Chakra''' ('''PVC''') is [[India]]'s highest [[Military orders, awards and decorations\|military decoration]] awarded for the highest degree of valour or self-sacrifice in the presence of the enemy. The medal has been awarded 21 times, 14 of which were posthumous awards.<ref name="Param Vir: Our Heroes in Battle"/><ref name="1971 Indo Pakistan War">{{cite web\|title=Param Vir Chakra\|url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/IAF/Awards/Gallantry/301-PVC.html\|publisher=BHARAT RAKSHAK\|accessdate=7 July 2016}}</ref~~><ref name="11 Facts You Need To Know About The Param Vir Chakra"/~~>		The '''Param Vir Chakra''' ('''PVC''') is [[India]]'s highest [[Military orders, awards and decorations\|military decoration]] awarded for the highest degree of valour or self-sacrifice in the presence of the enemy. The medal has been awarded 21 times, 14 of which were posthumous awards.<ref name="Param Vir: Our Heroes in Battle"/><ref name="11 Facts You Need To Know About The Param Vir Chakra"/><ref name="1971 Indo Pakistan War">{{cite web\|title=Param Vir Chakra\|url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/IAF/Awards/Gallantry/301-PVC.html\|publisher=BHARAT RAKSHAK\|accessdate=7 July 2016}}</ref>

	Literally Param Vir Chakra means "Wheel (or Cross) of the Ultimate Brave", it is equal to the [[Medal of Honor]] in the [[United States]] and the [[Victoria Cross]] in the [[United Kingdom]].<ref name="Param Vir Chakra (PVC)">{{cite web\|title=Param Vir Chakra (PVC)\|url=http://knowindia.gov.in/myindia/myindia_frame.php?id=13\|publisher=National Portal of India\|accessdate=6 July 2016\|archive-date=14 August 2014\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140814213528/http://knowindia.gov.in/myindia/myindia_frame.php?id=13\|url-status=dead}}</ref>		Literally Param Vir Chakra means "Wheel (or Cross) of the Ultimate Brave", it is equal to the [[Medal of Honor]] in the [[United States]] and the [[Victoria Cross]] in the [[United Kingdom]].<ref name="Param Vir Chakra (PVC)">{{cite web\|title=Param Vir Chakra (PVC)\|url=http://knowindia.gov.in/myindia/myindia_frame.php?id=13\|publisher=National Portal of India\|accessdate=6 July 2016\|archive-date=14 August 2014\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140814213528/http://knowindia.gov.in/myindia/myindia_frame.php?id=13\|url-status=dead}}</ref>
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			{{Source\|Wiki\|S}}
	[[Category:Orders, decorations, and medals]]		[[Category:Orders, decorations, and medals]]
	[[Category:Military honors]]		[[Category:Military honors]]

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{{Infobox military award
| name =Param Vir Chakra
| image =[[File:Param-vir-chakra-medal.png|300px]] <br><br>[[File:Param-Vir-Chakra-ribbon.svg|150px]]
| caption =Param Vir Chakra and its ribbon, the highest military decoration of India
| awarded_by ={{flag|India}}
| country ={{flag|India}}
| status =Currently awarded
| type =Medal
| eligibility =Officers, men and women of all ranks of the Army, the Navy and the Air Force, of any of the Reserve Forces, of the Territorial Army Militia and of any other lawfully constituted Armed Forces.<ref name="PARAM VIR CHAKRA">{{cite web|title=PARAM VIR CHAKRA|url=http://indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmTempSimple.aspx?MnId=dADW2FA04TfsAb9aBOtcOQ==&ParentID=e2LXKjo8OUz8+sOi/VjzeQ==|publisher=Indian Army|accessdate=6 July 2016}}</ref><ref name="HONOURS & AWARDS">{{cite web|title=HONOURS & AWARDS|url=http://indianairforce.nic.in/show_page.php?pg_id=126|publisher=Indian Air Force|accessdate=6 July 2016|archive-date=31 July 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120731061733/http://indianairforce.nic.in/show_page.php?pg_id=126|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="(PVC)">{{cite web|title=Param Vir Chakra|url=http://indiannavy.nic.in/node/409|publisher=Indian Navy|accessdate=6 July 2016}}</ref>
| for =Most conspicuous bravery or some daring or pre-eminent act of valour or self-sacrifice, in the presence of the enemy, whether on land, at sea, or in the air.<ref name="PARAM VIR CHAKRA"/><ref name="HONOURS & AWARDS"/><ref name="(PVC)"/>
| established =26 January 1950<ref name="Param Vir: Our Heroes in Battle">{{cite book| last = Cardozo| first = (Major General) Ian| title = Param Vir: Our Heroes in Battle| url = https://books.google.com/?id=D9ymBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA19| accessdate = 6 July 2016| year = 2003| publisher = Roli Books Private Limited| isbn = 9789351940296 }}</ref>
| first_award =3 November 1947
| last_award =6 July 1999
| total =21<ref name="Param Vir: Our Heroes in Battle"/><ref name="21 Param Vir Chakra awardees">{{cite web|title=Amar Chitra Katha’s new comic honours 21 Param Vir Chakra awardees|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/trending/amar-chitra-kathas-new-comic-honours-21-param-vir-chakra-awardees/|publisher=The Indian Express|accessdate=6 July 2016}}</ref><ref name="11 Facts You Need To Know About The Param Vir Chakra">{{cite web|title=11 Facts You Need To Know About The Param Vir Chakra|url=http://m.indiatimes.com/culture/who-we-are/11-facts-you-need-to-know-about-the-param-vir-chakra-231518.html|publisher=India Times|accessdate=8 July 2016}}</ref>
| post-nominals = PVC<ref name="11 Facts You Need To Know About The Param Vir Chakra"/>
| posthumous =14<ref name="Param Vir: Our Heroes in Battle"/><ref name="11 Facts You Need To Know About The Param Vir Chakra"/>
| recipients =21<ref name="Param Vir: Our Heroes in Battle"/><ref name="11 Facts You Need To Know About The Param Vir Chakra"/>
| higher =[[Bharat Ratna]]<ref name="Precedence Of Medals">{{cite web|title=Precedence Of Medals|url=http://indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmTempSimple.aspx?MnId=BXcX5hxppEZqCOXb6hqedA==&ParentID=4KygHdsq1A/bXA7u5dbrJQ==|publisher=Indian Army|accessdate=6 July 2016}}</ref>
| lower =[[Ashoka Chakra Award|Ashoka Chakra]]<ref name="Precedence Of Medals"/>
| image2 =[[File:Bana Singh, Yoginder, Sanjay Kumar (PVC Recipients).jpg|300px]]
| caption2 =The three living recipients of the Param Vir Chakra Award:<ref name="21 Param Vir Chakra awardees"/> [[Yogendra Singh Yadav]], [[Bana Singh]] and [[Sanjay Kumar (soldier)|Sanjay Kumar]]
}}
The '''Param Vir Chakra''' ('''PVC''') is [[India]]'s highest [[Military orders, awards and decorations|military decoration]] awarded for the highest degree of valour or self-sacrifice in the presence of the enemy. The medal has been awarded 21 times, 14 of which were posthumous awards.<ref name="Param Vir: Our Heroes in Battle"/><ref name="1971 Indo Pakistan War">{{cite web|title=Param Vir Chakra|url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/IAF/Awards/Gallantry/301-PVC.html|publisher=BHARAT RAKSHAK|accessdate=7 July 2016}}</ref><ref name="11 Facts You Need To Know About The Param Vir Chakra"/>

Literally Param Vir Chakra means "Wheel (or Cross) of the Ultimate Brave", it is equal to the [[Medal of Honor]] in the [[United States]] and the [[Victoria Cross]] in the [[United Kingdom]].<ref name="Param Vir Chakra (PVC)">{{cite web|title=Param Vir Chakra (PVC)|url=http://knowindia.gov.in/myindia/myindia_frame.php?id=13|publisher=National Portal of India|accessdate=6 July 2016|archive-date=14 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140814213528/http://knowindia.gov.in/myindia/myindia_frame.php?id=13|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Instituted on 26 January 1950, by the [[President of India]],<ref name="Param Vir: Our Heroes in Battle"/><ref name="11 Facts You Need To Know About The Param Vir Chakra"/> with effect from 15 August 1947,<ref name="11 Facts You Need To Know About The Param Vir Chakra"/> this award can also be awarded posthumously.<ref name="Param Vir: Our Heroes in Battle"/> Officers or enlisted personnel from all branches of the [[Indian Armed Forces]] are eligible for the award.<ref name="Param Vir: Our Heroes in Battle"/> Recipients of the decoration have the right to use PVC as a postnominal abbreviation.<ref name="11 Facts You Need To Know About The Param Vir Chakra"/>

There is a provision for the award of a bar for a second (or subsequent) awards of the Param Vir Chakra, with a replica of the [[Vajra]], the weapon of [[Indra]], the god of heaven. However, no one has received it to date.<ref name="11 Facts You Need To Know About The Param Vir Chakra"/>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Orders, decorations, and medals]]
[[Category:Military honors]]
[[Category:Military of India]]
[[Category:Indian awards]]
[[Category:1950 establishments in Asia]]
[[Category:1950s establishments in India]]