->Thenexttalk at 13:32, 7 January 2022

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{{Use Indian English|date=June 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}
{{Infobox First Minister
| honorific-prefix = Krishi Ratna
| name = Panjabrao Deshmukh
| honorific-suffix =
| image =Panjabrao Deshmukh 1999 stamp of India.jpg
| imagesize = 245px
| order =
| office1 = [[Minister of Agriculture]], [[India]]
| term_start1 =
| term_end1 =
| successor1 =
| office2 = [[Member of Parliament]] of [[Amravati]]
| term_start2 = 17 April 1952
| term_end2 = 10 April 1965
| successor2 = [[Vimal Punjab Deshmukh|Vimalabai Deshmukh]]
| birth_date = {{Birth date |df=yes|1898|12|27}}
| birth_place = Papal, [[Berar Province]], [[British India]]<br/>(Now in [[Amravati district|Amravati]], [[Maharashtra]], India)
| death_date = {{Death date and age |df=yes|1965|04|10|1898|12|27}}
| death_place = [[Delhi]], India.
| nationality = Indian
| party =
| otherparty =
| spouse = [[Vimal Punjab Deshmukh|Vimalabai Deshmukh]]
| relations =
| children =
| alma_mater =
| occupation =
| profession = [[Lawyer]]
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Panjabrao Shamrao Deshmukh''' (27 December 1898 – 10 April 1965), also known as '''Bhausaheb Deshmukh''' was a social activist and a leader to farmers in India. He was the Minister of Agriculture in the first cabinet of [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] in 1952.<ref name="Lifesketch">{{cite web |title=Life-sketch of Dr Punjabrao Deshmukh |url=http://www.shivajiedusocamt.org/LifeSketch.htm |accessdate=21 January 2009|publisher=shivajiedusocamt.org}}</ref>

==Early life==
He was born into [[Maratha]] family at Papal in [[Amravati]] district of [[Maharashtra]] on 27 December 1898, his family practised agriculture. His father's name is Shamrao and mother's name is Radhabai. His original surname was Kadam.{{Citation needed|date=May 2010}} After completing his primary education in his hometown, he was sent to Songaon and then to [[Karanja Lad]]. At Karanja Lad, he reached ninth grade, before he was admitted into Hind High School, Amravati, and [[Fergusson College]] in [[Pune]].<ref name="Lifesketch"/>

At that time, higher education was not available in India. Many students traveled to England for further education. He wanted to be a [[Barrister]] from [[Cambridge University]]. Despite intense poverty at home, he managed to obtain enough money to travel. He then went to the [[Cambridge University]] and gained a [[Ph.D]], a [[barrister]] degree in 1921 and a [[Master's degree|M.A.]] honours in [[Sanskrit]]. He finished his [[Ph.D.]] with the subject ''Origin and Development of Religion in Vedic Literature''.<ref name="Lifesketch"/>

==Social activities==
{{unreferenced section|date=June 2015}}
He studied under [[Satya Shodhak Samaj]] of [[Mahatma Jyotirao Phule|Mahatma Phule]]. He did ''[[satyagraha]]'' to allow [[Untouchability|untouchables]] to enter Ambabai Temple'','' [[Amravati]], which was condemned by the upper castes. [[B. R. Ambedkar|Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar]] supported him in this movement. The management of the temple later allowed untouchables to enter the temple. Dr. Punjabrao Deshmukh started another equality movement from his home. After the death of his father, his mother asked him to conduct traditional activity "Shradhha" with Brahmins. He brought untouchable students home from his school hostel and his mother treated them as Brahmins.

His marriage ceremony was simple and held in Mumbai. After the marriage ceremony, when he reached Amravati, his friends convinced Deshmukh to give a party. He held a small dinner party for them. The meal was served by youths wearing white. After dinner Bhausaheb stated that the servers were untouchables (violating the prohibition). Many such events were conducted by Dr. Deshmukh to remove untouchability from our society.

==Educational activist==
[[File:Dr. Punjabrao Deshmukh Statue.jpg|thumb|Statue of Deshmukh at the Punjabrao Deshmukh Agricultural University in Nagpur.]]
In 1931 he established [[Shivaji Education Society]] at [[Amravati]]. This education society grew to become the second largest in [[Maharashtra]]. This society operates 24 degree colleges, 54 intermediate colleges, 75 high schools, and 35 hostels. An agricultural university bearing his name operates at [[Akola city|Akola]], i.e. [[Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth]]. He strengthened the foundation of education throughout Maharashtra.<ref name="Philanthropist">{{cite web |title=A great Philanthropist of Vidarbha Region |url=http://www.shivajiedusocamt.org/DeshmukhFile.htm |publisher=Shivaji Education Society |accessdate=21 January 2009}}</ref>

==Politics==
He was elected thrice for the [[Lok Sabha]]. Dr. Deshmukh was selected by Nehru as India's first agriculture minister. He played an important role in the making of the [[Constitution of India|Indian Constitution]].<ref name="Philanthropist"/> He was inspired by [[B. R. Ambedkar]] and was a supporter of the mission by Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar. He was the secretary for [[Vidarbha]] region of the [[Republican Party of India|Independent Labour Party]], established by [[Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar]].

==Leader of peasants==
He dedicated his talent and energy for the formulation and implementation of the policies that would bring prosperity to agriculture and the agriculturist. He established the Bharat Krishak Samaj and launched a campaign called Food for Millions in 1955. He introduced the Japanese method of rice cultivation in 1958 and organized the World Agriculture Fair in 1959. The fair was visited by dignitaries across the world, including US President [[Dwight Eisenhower]], [[USSR]] President [[Nikita Khrushchev]], Lord and Lady [[Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma|Mountbatten]].<ref name="Philanthropist"/>

He started the process of establishing agricultural universities across the country and supported agricultural education and research.<ref name="Philanthropist"/>

==Lawyer==
He appeared for poor peasants in many cases at the district court of [[Amravati]]. His most predominant case was [[Government of the United Kingdom|British Government ]] vs. [[Indian National Army|Azad Hind Sena]], in which he assisted [[Jawaharlal Nehru]].

==Legacy==
Dr. Deshmukh died on 10 April 1965 at [[Delhi]]. He was survived by his wife [[Vimal Punjab Deshmukh|Vimalabai Deshmukh]] and one son.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Panjabrao Deshmukh}}
*[http://164.100.47.194/loksabha/writereaddata/biodata_1_12/691.htm Lok Sabah Member Profile]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070204133848/http://pdkv.mah.nic.in/ Dr.Panjabrao Krishi Vidyapith,Akola]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20120418050352/http://amravati.nic.in/htmldocs/district.htm About Amravati District]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20090410033104/http://pdkv.mah.nic.in/university/inspiration.htm Dr. PANJABRAO DESHMUKH ILLUSTRIOUS SON OF INDIA]
*[http://www.shivajiedusocamt.org Shri Shivaji Education Society, Amravati]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Deshmukh, Panjabrao}}
[[Category:Activists from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:People from Amravati district]]
[[Category:Members of the Constituent Assembly of India]]
[[Category:1st Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:2nd Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:3rd Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:Nehru administration]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Agriculture Ministers of India]]
[[Category:Ambedkarites]]
[[Category:Marathi politicians]]
[[Category:1898 births]]
[[Category:1965 deaths]]
[[Category:Farmers' rights activists]]

Panjabrao Deshmukh - Revision history

->Thenexttalk at 13:32, 7 January 2022