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{{Short description|Book by Vidyaranya}}
{{Infobox book

| name = Panchdasi पञ्चदशी
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| author = [[Vidyaranya]] विद्यारण्य
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| country = India
| language = Sanskrit
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| subject = Philosophy
| genre = Vedanta
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{{Hinduism}}
'''Panchadasi''' or '''Panchadashi''' ( [[Devanagari]]: [[oldwikisource:पञ्चदशी|पञ्चदशी]] [[IAST]] paṃcadaśī) is a simple yet comprehensive manual of [[Advaita Vedanta]] (अद्वैत वेदान्त, advaita vedānta) written in the fourteenth century A.D (1386-1391) by [[Vidyaranya]] (विद्यारण्य), previously known as [[Vidyaranya|Madhavacharya]] (माधवाचार्य).<ref>{{cite book|title=The Essential Vedanta: A new source book of Advaita Vedanta|author=Ed. Eliot Deutsch, Rohit Dalvi|year=2004|publisher=World Wisdom, Inc|pages=353–359|isbn=9780941532525|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VIc6AdO07-IC&q=Panchadasi+of+Vidyaranya&pg=PA353}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.advaita.org.uk/discourses/s_n_sastri/panch_intro.htm|title = Panchadasi Introduction}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url = http://www.sanskrit.nic.in/digitalbook/p/panchadashi.pdf|title = Panchadasi|access-date = 27 January 2016|website = Digital Books|publisher = Rashtriya Sanskrit Sansthan, New Delhi}}</ref><ref name=":02">{{Cite book|title = Panchadasi|last = Vidyabhaskar|first = Ramavatar|publisher = Krishnakumar Sharma, PO. Ratangarh, Dist. Bijnore, Uttar Pradesh|url = https://archive.org/details/Panchadasi.by.Vidyaranya.Swami.Hindi|language = hi}}</ref>

Pancha (पञ्च) is five and dasi (दशी) is ten, are the total fifteen chapters divided into three quintets the three aspects of [[Brahman]], [[Sat (Sanskrit)|Sat]] (सत्, Truth), [[Cit (consciousness)|Chit]] (चित्, Consciousness) and [[Ānanda (Hindu philosophy)|Ananda]] (आनंद, Bliss) aspects of [[Reality]]. It elaborates Advaita (अद्वैत,non dual), [[Consciousness]], [[Jiva]], [[Maya (illusion)|Maya]], [[Prakṛti|Prakriti]] (प्रकृति, prakṛti, Nature<ref>{{Cite web|title = Monier Williams Online 2011|url = http://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/monier/webtc5/index.php|website = www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de|access-date = 2016-02-02}}</ref>), [http://shabdkosh.raftaar.in/Meaning-of-%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A4-in-English Mahat] (universal mind), [[Buddhi]] ([[Intellect]]), [[Ahamkara]] (Ego), [[Avidya (Hinduism)|Avidya]] (Ignorance), and [[ananda]] (Bliss).<ref>{{Cite web|title = Panchadasi|url = http://www.bhagavadgitausa.com/Panchadasi.htm|website = www.bhagavadgitausa.com|access-date = 2016-01-29}}</ref>

== Dating ==
Panchdasi was written during the later years of Vidyaranya's life around 1386 AD.<ref name=":02"/><ref>{{Cite book|url = http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/005776836|title = Panchadasi of Vidyaranya; with English translation, explanatory notes and summary of each chapter by M. Srinivasa Rau ... and K.A. Krishnaswamy Aiyar|year = 1912|publisher = Sri Vani Vilas press}}</ref>

== About Vidyaranya ==
{{Main|Vidyaranya}}

[[Vidyaranya]] was born around 1300 A.D. in Shalivahan (शालिवाहन) South India. Madhava Madhavacharya, Madhavamantri, Madhavamataya were the names which Vidyaranya was known before his turning into recluse.<ref name=":02"/><ref>{{Cite book|title = A Handbook of Hindu Panteism. The Panchdasi of Sreemut Swami|last = Dhole|first = Nandalal|publisher = Heeralal Dhole Musjid Bari Street Calcutta|year = 1899|url = http://www.forgottenbooks.com/books/A_Hand-Book_of_Hindu_Pantheism_v1_1000019831|volume = 1|edition = 2013}}</ref>

His father was Mayana (मायण) and Mother Srimati (श्रीमती), two brothers [[Sayana]] (सायण),<ref>{{cite book|title = Encyclopaedia of Ancient Indian Geography Vol.2|author = Subodh Kapoor|year = 2002|publisher = Genesis Publishing (P) Ltd.|page = 620|isbn = 9788177552997|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=8897ridkczoC&q=Panchadasi+of+Vidyaranya&pg=PA620}}</ref> and Bhogantha (भोगनाथ). He had two Gurus Sarvagyvishnu (सर्वज्ञविष्णु) and Bhartiteerth (भारतीतीर्थ). He established [[Vijayanagara Empire|Vijayanagar Empire]] in 1335 AD with the help of Hukkayaray and Bukkaray. He was also Prime Minister of the Vijayanagar empire. [[Vidyaranya]], was also the spiritual head of Sringeri Math in 1377 A.D to 1386 A.D. He died in 1391 AD.<ref name=":02"/>

[[Vidyaranya]], who was the spiritual head of Sringeri Math in 1377 A.D to 1386 A.D., and also wrote ''[[Dŗg-Dŗśya-Viveka|Drk-Drsya-Viveka]]'', ''Sarvadarsana Samgraha'', Sri Sankara Digvijaya'', ''Jivanmukti Viveka'', ''Anubhuti Prakasa'', Vivaranaprameyasamgraha'' and ''Upanishad Dipika''<ref name=":3">{{cite book|title=Pancadasi of Sri Vidyaranya Swami|author=Swami Swahananda|publisher=Sri Ramakrishna Math|url=http://www.supatha.in/index.php/panchadashi-of-sri-vidyaranya-swami.html|access-date=2014-02-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221205059/http://www.supatha.in/index.php/panchadashi-of-sri-vidyaranya-swami.html|archive-date=2014-02-21|url-status=dead}}</ref> has been identified with Sayanacharya, the commentator on the Vedas, whose brother he most likely was.<ref>{{cite book|title=Panchadasi: A treatise on Advaita metaphysics|author=Madhava|author-link=Vidyaranya|year=1956|publisher=Shanti Sadan|edition=1956|page=3,4,6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZHZQAQAAIAAJ&q=Panchadasi}}</ref>

He was closely connected with the foundation of [[Vijaynagar Empire|Vijaynagar kingdom]].<ref>{{cite book|title=A comprehensive history of Medieval India |author=Farooqi Salma Ahmed|year=2011|publisher=Pearson Education India|page=143|isbn=9788131732021|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sxhAtCflwOMC&q=Panchadasi+of+Vidyaranya&pg=PA143}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bombay Vol.22|year=1908|page=370|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cjuui_eqDykC&q=Panchadasi+of+Vidyaranya}}</ref> He was the minister of Bukka-devaraya of the Yadava Dynasty of Karnataka, his younger brother was [[Sayana]],<ref>{{cite book|title=Encyclopaedia of Ancient Indian Geography Vol.2|author=Subodh Kapoor|year=2002|publisher=Genesis Publishing (P) Ltd.|page=620|isbn=9788177552997|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8897ridkczoC&q=Panchadasi+of+Vidyaranya&pg=PA620}}</ref> and Bhogantha, father was Mayana and Mother Srimati. He had two Gurus Sarvavishnu and Bhartiteerth. He died in 1391 AD.<ref name=":02"/>

== Theme ==
The '''Panchadasi''' is a basic text which introduces into central doctrine of Advaita Vedantic philosophy. Deeper concepts are dealt in more advanced treatise- the [[Upanishads]], the [[Brahmasutra]]s and the [[Bhagavad Gita]].

The purpose of the life is the realization of the experience of Absolute Existence, which is the highest fulfillment all the aspirations of the whole of creation.<ref name=":1" />

Panchdasi as the name suggest this text, "consisting of 15 Chapters grouped into three quintads. This is very much like the three aspects of Brahman – ''sat'' (existence), ''cit'' (consciousness) and ''ananda'' (bliss), respectively.
# '''''Viveka-panchaka ('''''विवेक-पञ्चक, viveka-paṃcaka) (dealing with the discrimination of the real from the non-real): Understanding the nature of reality ([[Viveka]]) which distinguishes from external world (जगत, jagata) consist of the five elements -Ether, Air, Fire, Water and Earth and individual (Jiva) consisting of the five sheaths – Annamaya (अन्नमय, annamaya, Physical), Pranamaya (प्राणमय , prāṇamaya, Vital), Manomaya ( मनोमय, manomaya, Mental), Vijnanamaya (विज्ञानमय, vijñānamaya, Intellectual) and Anandamaya (आनन्दमय, ānandamaya, bliss). Pure spirit is encased with five sheaths to delude individual soul as self. Cosmology of creation is described similar to [[Samkhya]] (सांख्य,''sāṃkhya)'' philosophy stating the relationship between pure consciousness (Brahman) with material universe.<ref name=":1" />
# '''''Dipa-panchaka''''' (दीप-पञ्चक, dīpa-paṃcaka) (expounding the nature of the Self as pure consciousness) : The second set of five chapters through light (Dipa) on the Pure Consciousness (Brahman) as the only Reality with Existence (Sat). God (Isvara), World (Jagat) and Individual (Jiva) are described in detail with their mutual relationship. Theory of perception and process of the ascent of the Jiva to its supreme goal, liberation from Maya (illusion) to unite with Brahman the Absolute. Meaning and method of meditation the way to contact with Reality is also described in very lucid and candid discourse.<ref name=":1" />
# '''''Ananda-panchaka''''' (आनन्द-पञ्चक, ānanda-paṃcaka) (dwelling on the bliss-nature of [[Brahman]]): The last five chapters go into details of Brahman as pure Bliss (Ananda). This is not worldly happiness but complex dissolution into eternal pleasure. Duality of Jiva and God merging into one Consciousness and Existence. This Atman ( Brahman) is the source of ultimate happiness the purpose of human life.<ref name=":1" />
Vidyaranya has succeeded in an eminent way in setting forth the essentials of [[Advaita]] which holds that the direct means to release is the path of knowledge (jnana), and as ''moksa'' is the very nature of the Self, it is not an experience which is to be brought about through works (''karma'') ".<ref name=":1">{{cite book|title=The philosophy of the Panchadasi|author=Swami Krishnananda|year=1982|publisher=Divine Life Society|edition=1982|page=iii|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TRAzAAAAMAAJ&q=Vidyaranya}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Pancadasi of Sri Vidyaranya Swami|author=Swami Swahananda|publisher=Sri Ramakrishna Math|page=ix,xvii|url=http://www.supatha.in/index.php/panchadashi-of-sri-vidyaranya-swami.html|access-date=2014-02-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221205059/http://www.supatha.in/index.php/panchadashi-of-sri-vidyaranya-swami.html|archive-date=2014-02-21|url-status=dead}}</ref>

== Content ==
<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://sanskritdocuments.org/sites/snsastri/panchadasi.html|title = Panchadashi}}</ref>

=== ''Viveka-panchaka'' (विवेक-पञ्चक) ===

Chapter 1 Tatvaviveka ([[oldwikisource:तत्वविवेकप्रकरणम्|तत्वविवेकप्रकरणम्]]) – The discriminative knowledge of the ultimate Reality (main article [[Tatvaviveka]])

Chapter 2 Mahabhutaviveka (महाभूतविवेकप्रकरणम्) – The discriminative knowledge of the five elements

Chapter 3 Panchakosaviveka (पन्चकोशविवेकप्रकरणम्) – The discrimination of the five sheaths

Chapter 4 Dvaitaviveka (द्वैतविवेकप्रकरणम्) – Discrimination of Duality

Chapter 5 Mahavakyavivekaya (महावाक्यविवे)कयप्रकरणम्) – Understanding the import of the Mahavakyas

=== ''Dipa-panchaka'' (दीप-पञ्चक) ===

Chapter 6 Chitradeepa (चित्रदीपप्रकरणम्) – The Picture on Pure Consciousness

Chapter 7 Triptidipa (तिृप्तिदीपप्रकरणम्) – Fulfillment on Realization of Pure Consciousness

Chapter 8 Kutasthadipa (कूटस्थदीपप्रकरणम्) – The Immutable Consciousness

Chapter 9 Dhyanadeepa (ध्यानदीपप्रकरणम्) – Meditation on pure Consciousness

Chapter 10 Natakadipa (नाटकदीपप्रकरणम्) – The lamp of the theatre

=== ''Ananda-panchaka'' (आनन्द-पञ्चक) ===

Chapter 11 Yogananda (योगानन्दप्रकरणम्) - The Bliss Of Yoga

Chapter 12 Atmananda (आत्मानन्दप्रकरणम्) - The Bliss of the Self

Chapter 13 Advaitananda (अद्वैतानन्दप्रकरणम्) - The Bliss of Non-Duality

Chapter 14 Vidyananda (विद्यानन्दप्रकरणम्) - The Bliss of Knowledge

Chapter 15 Vishayananda (विषयानन्दप्रकरणम्) - The happiness from external objects

== See also ==
* [[Advaita Vedanta]]
* [[Bhagavad Gita]]
* [[Upanishads|Upanishad]]
*[[oldwikisource:पञ्चदशी|पञ्चदशी]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==

=== Texts and Commentaries ===

* [http://www.sanskrit.nic.in/digitalbook/p/panchadashi.pdf Panchadashi Sanskrit at nic.in]
* [http://www.swami-krishnananda.org/panchadasi/Commentary_Panchadasi.pdf Commentary on the Panchadasi - Swami Krishnananda]
* [http://www.hariomgroup.org/hariombooks_shastra/vedanta/english/ThePhilosophyOfThePanchadasi-SwamiKrishnananda-DivineLifeSociety.pdf The Philosophy of Panchadasi by Swami Krishnananda]
* [http://hinduonline.co/AudioLibrary/Discources/CommentaryonPanchadasiParamarthananda.html Commentary on Panchadasi by Swami Paramarthananda]
* [https://www.shantisadan.org/book-content/panchadashi/ Panchadashi translated with an Introduction by Hari Prasad Shastri]

{{Indian philosophy|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Sanskrit texts]]
[[Category:Vedanta]]
[[Category:Advaita Vedanta]]
[[Category:Advaita Vedanta texts]]

Panchadasi - Revision history

ImportMaster: robot: Add missing article in Category:Mahabharata