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{{short description|1976 film directed by P. Lankesh}}
{{EngvarB|date=January 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Pallavi
| image = Pallavi (1976 film).jpg
| caption = [[Lobby card]]
| director = [[P. Lankesh]]
| writer = P. Lankesh
| based_on = {{Based on|''Biruku''|P. Lankesh}}
| producer = K. S. Indira Lankesh
| starring = Vimala Naidu<br />P. Lankesh<br />[[T. N. Seetharam]]
| cinematography = [[S. Ramachandra]]
| music = [[Rajeev Taranath]]
| studio = Indira Lankesh Productions
| distributor = 
| released = {{Film date|1976}}
| runtime = 129 minutes{{sfn|Rajadhyaksha|Willemen|1998|p=429}}
| country = India
| language = Kannada
}}
'''''Pallavi''''' ({{audio|Kn-ಪಲ್ಲವಿ.ogg|pronunciation}} {{translation|Refrain}}) is a 1976 Indian [[Kannada]]-language [[Drama (film and television)|drama film]] directed by novelist [[P. Lankesh]], in his directorial debut. He also stars, alongside Vimala Naidu and [[T. N. Seetharam]]. The film is based on his own 1967 novella ''Biruku'' ({{translation|Crack}}), and focuses on two lovers whose relationship ends when the man fails in life while the woman succeeds.

''Pallavi'' won three [[National Film Awards]]: [[National Film Award for Second Best Feature Film|Second Best Feature Film]], [[National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Tamil|Best Feature Film in Kannada]] and [[National Film Award for Best Direction|Best Direction]]. It also won five [[Karnataka State Film Awards]]: [[Karnataka State Film Award for First Best Film|Best Film]], [[Karnataka State Film Award for Best Director|Best Direction]] (Lankesh), [[Karnataka State Film Award for Best Music Director|Best Music]] ([[Rajeev Taranath]]), [[Karnataka State Film Award for Best Screenplay|Best Screenplay]] and [[Karnataka State Film Award for Best Dialogue|Best Dialogues]] (Lankesh).

== Plot ==
{{more plot|date=March 2021}}
Shanta is a bouncy university teenager who idolises film actresses. She is as idealistic as her boyfriend Chandru. The two apply for jobs; while Chandru is rejected because of his rudeness, Shanta is accepted because of her charm and self-confidence. Chandru ends his relationship with Shanta. Shanta eventually marries her boss, Jagannathan. Shanta then combines her new leisurely existence as a sophisticated wife with traditional chores and rituals. Boredom and pregnancy overcome her.

Chandru suddenly resurfaces, a fugitive from justice. Shanta is initially intrigued by his attitudes which are very much in opposition to hers. But when Chandru harangues Shanta for resigning herself to security and a constricting marriage, she refuses to go with him, and accuses him of abandoning her in the first place. He threatens to destroy her world, but is finally overpowered by the police. Shanta is left to carry on with her undisturbed, uneventful life.

== Cast ==
* Vimala Naidu as Shanta
* P. Lankesh as Jagannathan
* [[T. N. Seetharam]] as Chandru

== Production ==
''Pallavi'' is novelist [[P. Lankesh]]'s directorial debut.{{sfn|Rajadhyaksha|Willemen|1998|p=137}} It is based on his own 1967 novella ''Biruku''. In his 1997 autobiography ''Huli-Maavina Mara'' ({{translation|A Sour-Mango Tree}}), Lankesh claimed that his passion for making films led him to direct a film without any prior experience in the field.<ref name="bangaloremirror" /> The film was produced by K. S. Indira Lankesh under the banner Indira Lankesh Productions.{{sfn|Rajadhyaksha|Willemen|1998|p=429}}<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R_5OPLAiD-kC&q=+S.+Ramachandra |title=National Film Festival |publisher=[[Directorate of Film Festivals]] |year=1980 |volume=27 |page=70}}</ref> Cinematography was handled by [[S. Ramachandra]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=10 January 2011 |title=S Ramachandra |work=[[Deccan Herald]] |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/content/128146/s-ramachandra.html |url-status=live |access-date=31 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190131132228/https://www.deccanherald.com/content/128146/s-ramachandra.html |archive-date=31 January 2019}}</ref> [[T. N. Seetharam]] made his acting debut with this film.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Rao |first=Bindu Gopal |date=21 July 2012 |title=A class apart |work=[[Deccan Herald]] |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/content/266056/a-class-apart.html |url-status=live |access-date=31 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190131131834/https://www.deccanherald.com/content/266056/a-class-apart.html |archive-date=31 January 2019}}</ref> [[Principal photography]] began on the same day as the declaration of "[[The Emergency (India)|the Emergency]]".<ref name="bangaloremirror" /> P. Lankesh's voice was dubbed by T. S. Ranga.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Khajane |first=Muralidhara |date=26 April 2018 |title=A silent voice exits |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/a-silent-voice-exits/article23683304.ece |url-status=live |access-date=20 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180821130331/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/a-silent-voice-exits/article23683304.ece |archive-date=21 August 2018}}</ref>

== Themes ==
''Pallavi'' deals with themes such as student union revolution,<ref>{{Cite news |last=George |first=Nina C |date=4 July 2018 |title=On my pinboard – Indrajit Lankesh |work=[[Deccan Herald]] |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/metrolife/metrolife-move/my-pinboard-indrajit-lankesh-678940.html |url-status=live |access-date=21 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180821130331/https://www.deccanherald.com/metrolife/metrolife-move/my-pinboard-indrajit-lankesh-678940.html |archive-date=21 August 2018}}</ref> college life, and unemployment issues in the hands of bureaucrats.<ref name="DVD" /> According to the 1998 edition of ''Encyclopaedia of Indian Cinema'', it was one of only three films to have direct political and formal links with the Navya Movement.{{sfn|Rajadhyaksha|Willemen|1998|pp=162–163}}

== Music ==
The music of the film was composed by [[Rajeev Taranath]].{{sfn|Rajadhyaksha|Willemen|1998|p=429}}

== Reception ==
[[Peter Cowie]] wrote in the book ''International Film Guide 1978'', "''Pallavi'' has some of the flaws common to a first film (Lankesh, much admired as a Kannada writer, is new to the cinema), but is actually very competent and unswerving in its denunciation of the primitive role still accorded to most Indian women."<ref>{{Cite book |last=Cowie |first=Peter |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-NJkAAAAMAAJ&q=Pallavi+P+Lankesh |title=International Film Guide 1978 |publisher=Tantivy Press |year=1977 |isbn=978-0-498-02106-0 |page=195 |author-link=Peter Cowie}}</ref> At the [[24th National Film Awards]], ''Pallavi'' won in three categories: [[National Film Award for Second Best Feature Film|Second Best Feature Film]], [[National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Tamil|Best Feature Film in Kannada]] and [[National Film Award for Best Direction|Best Direction]] for Lankesh.<ref>{{Cite news |date=15 September 1977 |title=Elitist double standards? |work=[[India Today]] |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/society-and-the-arts/films/story/19770915-1976-national-film-awards-mrinal-sens-mrigaya-selected-for-golden-lotus-award-823873-2014-08-30 |url-status=live |access-date=2 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170528073752/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/1976-national-film-awards-mrinal-sens-mrigaya-selected-for-golden-lotus-award/1/435697.html |archive-date=28 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tMRFAQAAIAAJ&q=pallavi |title=India, a reference annual |publisher=[[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)|Ministry of Information and Broadcasting]] |year=1978 |pages=151 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171205200230/https://books.google.com/books?id=tMRFAQAAIAAJ&dq=pallavi+second+national+award&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=pallavi |archive-date=5 December 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> It won in five categories at the [[Karnataka State Film Awards]]: [[Karnataka State Film Award for First Best Film|Best Film]], [[Karnataka State Film Award for Best Director|Best Direction]] (Lankesh), [[Karnataka State Film Award for Best Music Director|Best Music]] (Rajeev Taranath), [[Karnataka State Film Award for Best Screenplay|Best Screenplay]] and [[Karnataka State Film Award for Best Dialogue|Best Dialogues]] (Lankesh).<ref name="DVD" />

== Impact ==
In the book ''A Handbook of Karnataka'', historian [[Suryanath U. Kamath]] considered ''Pallavi'', amongst many other films, to be responsible for establishing the 1970s as the "age of the [[Parallel cinema|new-wave]] or [[experimental film]]s" in Karnataka.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kamath |first=Suryanath U. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tHFuAAAAMAAJ&q=Pallavi+(1976 |title=A Handbook of Karnataka |publisher=Karnataka Gazetteer Department |year=1996 |pages=229 |author-link=Suryanath U. Kamath}}</ref>

== References ==
<references>

<ref name="bangaloremirror">{{Cite news |last=Gowda |first=Chandan |date=6 November 2018 |title=A few essential Kannada films |work=[[Bangalore Mirror]] |url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/opinion/views/a-few-essential-kannada-films/articleshow/66517166.cms |url-status=live |access-date=14 December 2018 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20181214130125/https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/opinion/views/a-few-essential-kannada-films/articleshow/66517166.cms |archive-date=14 December 2018}}</ref>
<ref name="DVD">{{Cite web |title=Pallavi – 1976 DVD (Award Winning Movie) |url=http://www.kannadastore.com/pallavi-1976-dvd-award-winning-movie-p-6044.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180108133028/http://www.kannadastore.com/pallavi-1976-dvd-award-winning-movie-p-6044.html |archive-date=8 January 2018 |access-date=20 August 2018 |website=Kannada Store}}</ref>

</references>

== Bibliography ==
* {{Cite book |last1=Rajadhyaksha |first1=Ashish |title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Cinema |last2=Willemen |first2=Paul |publisher=[[British Film Institute]] and [[Oxford University Press]] |year=1998 |isbn=0-19-563579-5 |author-link=Ashish Rajadhyaksha |author-link2=Paul Willemen |orig-date=1994}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|0234415}}
* [https://archive.today/20190201150208/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b6b283481 ''Pallavi''] at the [[British Film Institute]]{{better source needed|reason=Help request: a live link can be searched for at https://collections-search.bfi.org.uk/web/search/expert – if available, replace the archive URL with the live link. Or if none found, remove this 'better source needed' template. | date=October 2023}}

{{National Film Award Second Best Feature Film}}
{{National Film Award Best Feature Film Kannada}}

[[Category:1976 Kannada-language films]]
[[Category:1976 Indian films]]
[[Category:1976 directorial debut films]]
[[Category:1976 drama films]]
[[Category:1976 films]]
[[Category:Best Kannada Feature Film National Film Award winners]]
[[Category:Films based on Kannada novels]]
[[Category:Films directed by P. Lankesh]]
[[Category:Films whose director won the Best Director National Film Award]]
[[Category:Indian avant-garde and experimental films]]
[[Category:Indian drama films]]

Pallavi (1976 film) - Revision history

Marta694059068: article.