https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Palamau_Tiger_ReservePalamau Tiger Reserve - Revision history2026-08-19T20:53:44ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.43.6https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Palamau_Tiger_Reserve&diff=146976&oldid=previmported>BrownHairedGirl: added Category:1973 establishments in Bihar using HotCat2021-05-26T16:00:38Z<p>added <a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:1973_establishments_in_Bihar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:1973 establishments in Bihar (page does not exist)">Category:1973 establishments in Bihar</a> using <a href="https://en.bharatpedia.org/wiki/BP:HC" class="extiw" title="wp:HC">HotCat</a></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Infobox protected area<br />
| name = Palamau Tiger Reserve<br />
| iucn_category = II<br />
| photo =<br />
| photo_caption =<br />
| map = India Jharkhand<br />
| map_width = 225<br />
| label = Palamu Tiger Reserve<br />
| label_position = right<br />
| location = [[Jharkhand]], [[India]]<br />
| nearest_city = [[Medininagar]]<br />
| coordinates = {{coord|23|41|20|N|84|14|56|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}}<br />
| area = 1129.93&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup><ref name ='hindu'>{{cite web |url=http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/energy-and-environment/article864841.ece |title=Just six tigers left in Palamu Tiger Reserve |date=November 2, 2010 |accessdate=November 2, 2010 |publisher=[[The Hindu]] |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101107023011/http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/energy-and-environment/article864841.ece|archivedate=7 November 2010|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
| established = November, 1973<br />
| visitation_num =<br />
| visitation_year =<br />
| governing_body =<br />
}}<br />
<br />
The '''Palamau Tiger Reserve''' is one of the nine original [[tiger reserve]]s in [[Jharkhand]], [[India]]<ref name="tribal situation">{{Cite book|author1=Prasad, R. R. |author2=Jahagirdar, M. P. |name-list-style=amp |year=1993|title=Tribal Situation in Forest Villages: Changing subsistence strategies and adaptation|publisher=Discovery Publishing House |location=New Delhi, India|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=p2xhzj7YWLcC&pg=PA47 47]|isbn=978-81-7141-234-1}}</ref> and the only one in this state. It forms part of [[Betla National Park]] and Palamau Wildlife Sanctuary.<br />
<br />
== Formation ==<br />
The area in [[Latehar District]] in Jharkhand was set aside as protected in 1974 under the Indian Forests Act. Before the formation of the reserve, the area was used for cattle grazing and camping; it was acutely prone to forest fire.<ref name="tribal situation"/> In 1973, the area was set up as the Palamu Tiger Reserve.<br />
<br />
== Area ==<br />
The tiger reserve has a total area of {{Convert|1129.93|sqkm|sqmi|0}} with a core area of 414.93&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup> and a buffer area of 650&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>.<ref name='hindu' /><ref name="TF-PTR">{{Cite news|title=Tiger Foundation for Palamu reserve in the offing|date=25 July 2012|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-07-25/ranchi/32847839_1_anil-k-mishra-palamu-tiger-reserve-tiger-foundation|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6AyGWWFk8?url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-07-25/ranchi/32847839_1_anil-k-mishra-palamu-tiger-reserve-tiger-foundation|archivedate=26 September 2012|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
<br />
Ramandag, Latoo and Kujurum forest villages are in the core area. Most of the villages are small; one village, Meral, consisted in 1993 of just {{convert|99|acre|m2}} of land, 9 families and 78 people.<ref name="tribal situation"/> In 1993 there were 45 villages in the buffer area and about 60 more in the periphery of the reserve.<br />
<br />
{{As of|2012}}, that number had grown to 136 villages that fall under the "[[Buffer zone|buffer area]]" regulations of the Palamu Tiger Reserve.<ref name="TF-PTR" /> Only seven of the villages were in existence in 1923.<ref name="tribal situation"/> The villagers have no legal claim to lands that were settled after 1973 when the buffer area for the reserve was created.<ref name="TF-PTR" /><br />
<br />
== Wildlife ==<br />
The [[tiger]] population is extremely scarce and counting them has become particularly difficult due to [[Naxalite]] activities that have increased since 1990. {{As of|2012}}, the count, using [[DNA]] to prevent over-counting, is one male and five female tigers.<ref name="One male">{{Cite news|title=Palamu Tiger Reserve's lone male tiger counting its days|date=24 July 2012|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-07-24/ranchi/32827288_1_palamu-tiger-reserve-ptr-officials-prey-base|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6AyHuuuH8?url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-07-24/ranchi/32827288_1_palamu-tiger-reserve-ptr-officials-prey-base|archivedate=26 September 2012|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="No plan">{{Cite news|title=PTR may lose central funds|author=Mishra, Alok K. N.|date=15 September 2012|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-09-15/ranchi/33862315_1_ptr-palamu-tiger-reserve-tiger-conservation |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6AyH3lzfJ?url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-09-15/ranchi/33862315_1_ptr-palamu-tiger-reserve-tiger-conservation|archivedate=26 September 2012|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
<br />
The initial count in 1973 when the tiger reserve was created was 50 tigers,<ref name="No plan" /> but some claim that this was an over-count without adequate controls.<ref name='hindu' /> By 2005 the number of tigers was down to 38.<ref name="No plan" /> The census in 2007 found only 17 tigers.<ref name="No plan" /> The 2009 tiger census based on DNA analysis indicated that there were just six tigers in the reserve. The forest department claimed that, since the core area was almost inaccessible due to difficult terrain and the Naxalite presence, the census may not have found all the tigers.<ref name='hindu' /> No new tigers have been found in the years since<ref name="No plan" /> and decreased game and hunting opportunities suggest that these are the only six.<ref name="One male" /><br />
<br />
As of 1989, 65 [[elephant]]s were believed to reside in the reserve.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Asian Elephant: ecology and management|author=Sukumar, R.|year=1989|publisher=Cambridge University Press|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=95MoRwdQlcYC&pg=PA15 15]|isbn=978-0-521-36080-7}}</ref><br />
<br />
Apart from [[tiger]]s and [[elephant]]s, [[leopard]]s, [[gaur]]s, [[sambar (deer)|sambar]]s and [[Free-ranging dog|wild dogs]] live in the reserve.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Palamu Tiger Reserve|url=http://jharkhand.gov.in/depts/fores/PalaWeb/english.htm|publisher=Jharkhand Government|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202030751/http://www.jharkhand.gov.in/depts/fores/PalaWeb/english.htm|archivedate=2 February 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref> (For a more exhaustive list see article about [[Betla National Park]].) Though the [[North Koel River]] runs through the reserve, the animals depend on man-made holes for water, making them easily accessible to humans.{{cn|date=October 2020}}<br />
<br />
Over 140 species of birds (including [[peafowl]]) have been sighted in the reserve.<ref>{{Cite book|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=fQB3Fkc3Tl4C&pg=PA122 122]|title=Encyclopaedia of India|author=Bansal, Sunita Pant|year=2005|location=New Delhi, India|publisher=Smriti Books|isbn=978-81-87967-71-2}}</ref><br />
<br />
Two white vultures were spotted by the officials of Palamu Tiger Reserve in Chainpur in 2013.<ref>[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/environment/flora-fauna/Rare-vultures-sighted-in-Palamu-after-a-decade/articleshow/26486725.cms Rare vultures sighted in Palamu after a decade], The Times of India</ref> They were seen on the sand bed of River North Koel, said sources. This is the first time in 10 years that a [[Indian vulture|vulture]] has been sighted in Palamu.<br />
<br />
==Issues==<br />
*Increased pressure from human activities, including illegal settlement and poaching, has reduced the number of tigers and the ability of the reserve to support more tigers.<ref name="TF-PTR" /><ref name="One male" /><ref>{{Cite news|title=Sniffer dogs to check sale of deer meat in Palamu Tiger Reserve|date=5 September 2012|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-09-05/ranchi/33614407_1_deer-meat-sniffer-dogs-palamu-tiger-reserve|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6AyN0UHZK?url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-09-05/ranchi/33614407_1_deer-meat-sniffer-dogs-palamu-tiger-reserve|archivedate=26 September 2012|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
*Funding has been a continuing problem.<ref name="TF-PTR" /> Since there is not an adequate management plan for the reserve, it continues to be so.<ref name="No plan" /><br />
*Staff shortage is big problem. Monitoring, protection and conservation work is not applied in all region of this reserve.<br />
*Naxalites existence along with difficult terrain makes proper surveillance and implementation of conservation measures tough.<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[Palamu district]]<br />
*[[Latehar district]]<br />
*[[Palamu Fort]]<br />
*[[ Medininagar National Park]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100207155503/http://projecttiger.nic.in/palamau.htm Project Tiger homepage for Palamu Tiger Reserve]<br />
<br />
{{Palamu Division topics}}<br />
{{Protected areas of Jharkhand}}<br />
{{Tiger Reserves of India}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Chota Nagpur dry deciduous forests]]<br />
[[Category:Tiger reserves of India]]<br />
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Jharkhand]]<br />
[[Category:Wildlife sanctuaries in Jharkhand]]<br />
[[Category:Protected areas established in 1973]]<br />
[[Category:1973 establishments in Bihar]]</div>imported>BrownHairedGirl