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{{Short description|gobar desh}}{{about|the village in the Indian state of Bihar|relations between India and Pakistan|India–Pakistan relations}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Pakistan
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = Bihar#India
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| coordinates = {{coord|25.9384|N|87.4034|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Bihar]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Purnia district|Purnia]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for = [[Pakistan|Pakistan (country)]]
| government_type = [[Panchayati raj in India|Panchayati Raj]]
| governing_body = [[Gram panchayat|Gram Panchayat]]
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total =
| population_as_of =
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym = Pakistani
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Maithili language|Maithili]], [[Hindi language|Hindi]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code =
| registration_plate =
| website =
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-BR]]
| footnotes =
| official_name =
}}
'''Pakistan''' is a village located in [[Purnia district]], [[Bihar]], [[India]]. It is named after the country of [[Pakistan]] in memory of its [[Muslims|Muslim]] residents who migrated to erstwhile [[East Pakistan]] (present-day [[Bangladesh]]) after the [[Partition of India]] in August 1947.<ref name="BTimes">[http://www.bihartimes.com/Newsbihar/2009/Jan/Newsbihar03Jan6.html Pakistan without Muslims, a village in India’s Bihar state]</ref> Although the village's district shared a common land border with what was East Pakistan at the time of Partition, its present-day Purnia district does not border Bangladesh.<ref>[http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/south-asia/the-pakistan-that-exists-in-purnea-district-of-bihar_100137721.html The Pakistan that exists in Purnea district of Bihar]</ref> The village today does not have any Muslims or [[Mosque|mosques]] and is mainly populated by [[Hindus|Hindu]] [[Adivasi|tribals]].<ref>{{Cite web|title='Pakistan' village in India's Bihar wants to change name|url=https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/india/pakistan-village-in-indias-bihar-wants-to-change-name-1.67227282|access-date=2020-12-24|website=gulfnews.com|language=en}}</ref>

==History==
[[Purnia district]] was part of the [[Bihar Province]] of the [[British Raj]] before its dissolution in August 1947, when [[Presidencies and provinces of British India|British India]] was [[Partition of India|partitioned]] into the [[Hindus|Hindu]]-majority [[Dominion of India]] and the [[Muslims|Muslim]]-majority [[Dominion of Pakistan]].

While remaining in [[India]] itself, Purnia was in close proximity to the newly-created [[Enclave and exclave|exclave]] of [[East Pakistan]], prompting many Muslims to migrate there. Before their departure, the Muslim residents handed over their property and other assets to their Hindu neighbours, who subsequently renamed the village "[[Pakistan]]" in their memory.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2020-12-21|title='Pakistan' village in India's Bihar wants to change name {{!}} India – Gulf News|url=https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/india/pakistan-village-in-indias-bihar-wants-to-change-name-1.67227282|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201221132958/https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/india/pakistan-village-in-indias-bihar-wants-to-change-name-1.67227282|archive-date=21 December 2020|access-date=2020-12-21|website=Gulf news}}</ref> Prior to the [[States Reorganisation Act, 1956|Indian States Reorganisation Act of 1956]], the district of Purnia shared a land border with East Pakistan, which ceased to exist after [[Islampur subdivision]] was transferred to the state of [[West Bengal]].<ref name="BTimes"/>

==Geography==
The village lies some {{Convert|30|km|mi|abbr=on}} from [[Purnia]], the district headquarters, and is located in Srinagar Block.<ref name="BTimes2">[http://www.bihartodayonline.com/2009/01/this-pakistan-has-no-muslims.html This 'Pakistan' has no Muslims]{{dead link|date=March 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

==Demographics==
Following the [[Partition of India]] in 1947, the village ceased to have any [[Muslims]]; the inhabitants of the village today are [[Hindus]]. Pakistan village's residents belong to the [[Santal people|Santal]] tribe, the largest [[Adivasi|tribal group]] in [[India]].<ref name="BTimes2" /> The village today is poverty-stricken and reportedly lacks basic facilities including roads, schools and hospitals.<ref name="Dawn">[http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2009\01\03\story_3-1-2009_pg1_4 ‘Pakistan’ in Indian state of Bihar]</ref> The [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of the district as a whole is 35.51%.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://gov.bih.nic.in/Profile/CensusStats-03.htm |title=Literacy |access-date=26 September 2009 |archive-date=24 May 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080524094302/http://gov.bih.nic.in/Profile/CensusStats-03.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="BTimes2" />

== Naming controversy ==
[[India–Pakistan relations|Relations]] between the states of [[India]] and [[Pakistan]] have historically been turbulent. The immense violence between [[Hindus]] and [[Muslims]] that occurred as a consequence of the [[Partition of India]] left millions dead and sowed the seeds of discontent between both sides. Following the Partition and subsequent independence from the [[United Kingdom]], the two countries have fought [[Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts|several wars]], primarily stemming from their [[Kashmir conflict|territorial dispute]] over the [[Himalayas|Himalayan]] region of [[Kashmir]], which is claimed in full by both nations.<ref name="Dawn" />

Residents of neighbouring villages refer to the people of Pakistan village as "Pakistanis" and, due to the local [[Anti-Pakistan sentiment|stigma]] associated with this term, refuse to allow women to marry men from this village.<ref name=":0" /> There have been requests submitted to rename the village to "Birsa Nagar",<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-12-21|title=Pakistan in Bihar to soon vanish from people's memory|url=https://www.thestatesman.com/india/pakistan-in-bihar-to-soon-vanish-from-peoples-memory-1502812862.html|access-date=2020-12-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201221130830/https://www.thestatesman.com/india/pakistan-in-bihar-to-soon-vanish-from-peoples-memory-1502812862.html|archive-date=21 December 2020}}</ref> although the submissions have not been acted on by the [[Government of India|Indian government]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-10-20|title=No Muslim Residents: People Of Bihar Village Named 'Pakistan' Desperately Want A Name Change|url=https://www.indiatimes.com/trending/social-relevance/bihar-village-pakistan-no-muslim-resident-name-change-378182.html|access-date=2020-12-24|website=IndiaTimes|language=en-IN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-10-19|title=A village in India called 'Pakistan'|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/2083087/village-india-called-pakistan|access-date=2020-12-24|website=The Express Tribune|language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==

* [[Pakistan|Pakistan (country)]]
* [[India–Pakistan relations]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://indiatoday.intoday.in/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26190&issueid=111&sectionid=4 This 'Pakistan' has no Muslims]

[[Category:Villages in Purnia district]]

Pakistan, India - Revision history

imported>Gamerjeet Singh at 11:51, 7 August 2021