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{{Infobox settlement
| name = Pakbirra
| native_name = 
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India West Bengal # India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in West Bengal, India
| coordinates = {{coord|23.1535|N|86.6658|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[West Bengal]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Purulia district|Purulia]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 1754
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[English language|English]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 723151
| area_code_type = Telephone/[[Subscriber trunk dialing|STD]] code
| area_code = 03253
| registration_plate =
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Purulia (Lok Sabha constituency)|Purulia]]
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Manbazar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Manbazar]]
| website = {{URL|purulia.gov.in/}}
| footnotes =
}}

'''Pakbirra''' is a village in the [[Puncha (community development block)|Puncha]] [[Community development blocks in India|CD block]] in the [[Manbazar subdivision]] of the [[Purulia district]] in the state of [[West Bengal]], [[India]].

==Geography==
{{OSM Location map
| width=370| height=350| zoom=10
| coord={{coord|23|3|0|N|86|32|0|E}}| float=left|caption='''Places in Manbazar subdivision in Purulia district'''<br/> CT: census town, R: rural/ urban centre, H: historical/ religious centre<br/>Owing to space constraints in the small map, the actual locations in a larger map may vary slightly
|mark-coord1={{coord|23|1|55|N|86|21|57|E}} | label-pos1=top|label1= Barabazar| numbered1=CT| mark-title1= [[Barabazar]] (CT)|label-color1= #800000 |label-size1=11| mark-size1=12|shape1=l-circle|shape-color1=#A40000|shape-outline1=white|label-offset-x1=2
|mark-coord2={{coord|22|52|33|N|86|30|25|E}} | label-pos2=right|label2=Bandwan| numbered2=CT| mark-title2= [[Bandwan]] (CT)
|mark-coord3={{coord|23|3|41|N|86|39|51|E}} | label-pos3=right|label3=Manbazar| numbered3=CT| mark-title3= [[Manbazar]] (CT)
|mark-coord4={{coord|22|56|25|N|86|39|28|E}} | label-pos4=left|label4=Bargorya| numbered4=R| mark-title4= [[Bargorya]] (R) |shape-color4=#C42222
|mark-coord5={{coord|22|55|30|N|86|35|31|E}} | label-pos5=left|label5=Boro| numbered5=R| mark-title5= [[Boro, Purulia]] (R) |shape-color5=#C42222
|mark-coord6={{coord|23|11|36|N|86|31|1|E}} | label-pos6=left|label6=Kenda| numbered6=R| mark-title6= [[Kenda, Purulia]] (R) |shape-color6=#C42222
|mark-coord7={{coord|23|10|17|N|86|31|27|E}} | label-pos7=left|label7=Kuruktopa| numbered7=R| mark-title7= [[Kuruktopa]] (R) |shape-color7=#C42222
|mark-coord8={{coord|23|10|24|N|86|39|46|E}} | label-pos8=right|label8=Laulara| numbered8=R| mark-title8= [[Laulara, Purulia]] (R) |shape-color8=#C42222
|mark-coord9={{coord|23|9|46|N|86|39|7|E}} | label-pos9=left|label9=Puncha| numbered9=R| mark-title9= [[Puncha, Purulia]] (R)]]|shape-color9=#C42222
|mark-coord10={{coord|23|6|34|N|86|39|40|E}} | label-pos10=right|label10= Budhpur| numbered10=H| mark-title10= [[Budhpur, Purulia]] (H) |shape-color10=#AA6666
|mark-coord11={{coord|23|9|12|N|86|39|56|E}} | label-pos11=right|label11= Pakbirra| numbered11=H| mark-title11= [[Pakbirra]] (H) |shape-color11=black| label-size11=13|label-color11=black 
|mark-coord12={{coord|22|57|22|N|86|36|20|E}} | label-pos12=left|label12= Susunia| numbered12=R| mark-title12= [[Susunia, Purulia]] (R) |shape-color12=#C42222
|mark-coord13={{coord|22.9462|N|86.7003|E}} |label13=Kangsabati Project|labela13= Reservoir| label-color13 = #77A1CB| label-angle13=0| label-pos13=top| label-size13=10| mark-size13=0| mark-title13 =none
|mark-coord14={{coord|23.0543|86.5265}}| label14=Kumari River| label-color14 = #77A1CB| label-angle14=12| label-pos14=top| label-size14=10| mark-size14=0| mark-title14 =none
|mark-coord15={{coord|23.1093|86.6365}}| label15=Kangsabati River| label-color15 = #77A1CB| label-angle15=55| label-pos15=top| label-size15=10| mark-size15=0| mark-title15 =none
|arc-coordA={{coord|22|53|0|N|86|19|0|E}}|arc-textA= JHARKHAND| arc-text-colorA=hard grey| arc-angleA=-50| arc-gapA=3.5| arc-radiusA=0.43}}

===Location===
Pakbirra is located at {{coord|23.1535|N|86.6658|E|}}.

===Area overview===
Purulia district forms the lowest step of the [[Chota Nagpur Plateau]]. The general scenario is undulating land with scattered hills. [[Manbazar subdivision]], shown in the map alongside, is located in the eastern part of the district. It is an overwhelmingly rural subdivision with 96.32% of the population living in the rural areas and 3.68% living in the urban areas. There are 3 census towns in the subdivision. The map shows the Kangsabati Project Reservoir. The [[Mukutmanipur Dam]] is in Bankura district but the upper portion of the reservoir is in Manbazar subdivision. The remnants of old temples and deities are found in the subdivision also, as in other parts of the district. The subdivision has a very high proportion of [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes]]. Bandwan CD block has 51.86% ST population, Manbazar II CD block has 48.97% ST population. Manbazar I CD block has 22.03% ST and 22.44% SC. Puncha CD block has 24.74% ST and 14.54 SC. <ref>Houlton, Sir John, ''Bihar, the Heart of India'', 1949, p. 170, Orient Longmans Ltd.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Purulia |work = Tables 2.1, 2.2 |publisher = Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of West Bengal |access-date = 12 January 2020 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |archive-date = 21 January 2019 |url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/cdb_pca_census/Houselisting-housing-WB.html |title = CD block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA) | work= 2011 census: West Bengal – District-wise CD blocks|publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 16 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://purulia.gov.in/tourntravel/tour_archeo.html|title=Travel and Tourism : Purulia|publisher=The Official Website of Purulia District}}</ref>Writing in 1911, H. Coupland, ICS, speaks of the aboriginal races largely predominating in the old Manbhum district. He particularly mentions the Kurmis, Santhals, Bhumij and Bauri.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://archive.org/stream/manbhum01coup/manbhum01coup_djvu.txt | title = Bengal District Gazetteers – Manbhum by H. Coupland| work= Page 76: Manbhum, Castes and Tribes| publisher = University of California, San Diego |access-date = 10 February 2020}}</ref>

<small>Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.</small>

==Demographics==
According to the [[2011 Census of India]], Pakbirra had a total population of 1,754, of which 864 (49%) were males and 890 (51%) were females. There were 219 persons in the age range of 0-6 years. The total number of literate persons in Pakbirra was 1,081 (70.42% of the population over 6 years).<ref name=census2011>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/cdb_pca_census/Houselisting-housing-WB.html |title = C.D. Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA) | work= West Bengal – District-wise CD Blocks|publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 19 January 2020}}</ref>

==Transport==
Pakbirra is about 40 km from [[Purulia]] town.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1914_PART_A_DCHB_PURULIYA.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Puruliya, Series 20, Part XII A| work= Page 102:Brief Description of Places of Religious, Historical or Archaeological Importance and Places of Tourist Interest of the District | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal |access-date = 19 January 2020}}</ref>
A short stretch of local roads link Pakbirra to [[Puncha, Purulia|Puncha]] town.<ref>Google maps</ref>

== Pakbirra Jain temples ==
{{Main|Pakbirra Jain temples}}
Pakbirra Jain temples are a collection of three temples. Relics here date back to the ninth and tenth centuries AD. Most impressive of sculptures present in this temple is the colossal 7.5 feet high statue Shitalnatha and 8 feet high statue of Padmaprabha carved of polished black stone. Statue of Padmaprabha is also worshipped as Bhairavnath by people of Hindus faith. The temple has many sculptures including sculptures of Tirthankar Rishabhnath, Parshvanatha, Mahavira along with Goddess Devi Ambika and Padmavati.<ref>{{citation |url=http://chitrolekha.com/temples-of-deulghata-pakbira-and-banda-a-photo-journey/ |title=Temples of Deulghata, Pakbira and Banda: A Photo Journey |author=Chintu Dutta |year=2012 |access-date=17 January 2017 |journal=Chitrolekha International Magazine on Art and Design |volume= 2 |issue=1 |pages=3–17}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1HwDAAAAQAAJ|title=Bradshaw's hand-book to the Bengal presidency, and Western provinces of India|first=George |last=Bradshaw|date=1860|publisher=Oxford University|p=221}}</ref>

This temple have the basic [[Ratha_(architecture)#Examples_of_triratha_temples|tri-ratha]] plan with simplified squad of moldings and several level of the wall niches and lower façade stones. The large [[amalaka]] fragments lying about, and the stone [[kalasha]] with lotus buds emerging of nagara stying. The principal temple, contains preliminary chambers and sanctum. That temple, facing west, perhaps enshrined the colossal figure of a [[Tirthankar]] over 2 meters high, with lotus symbol on its pedestal. The temple also has sculptures of eight standing tirthankaras, including three [[Rishabhanatha]], 2 of [[Mahavira]], [[Sambhavanatha]], [[Padmaprabha]], [[Chandraprabha]] and two images of [[Yaksha]] and [[Yakshi]] beneath a tree with a Jina in the branches. Three [[Jain_art#Ayagapata|ayagapata]] or votive stupas and an idol of [[Ambika (Jainism)|ambika]] with child and attendant, standing on her lion, beneath a flowering tea are also present here.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://purulia.gov.in/tourntravel/tour_archeo.html|title=Travel and Tourism : Purulia|publisher=The Official Website of Purulia District}}</ref>

“Many scholars believe that a trade route passed through Purulia. The district’s temples and deities are mainly Brahmanical but have Jain influences at several places like [[Telkupi]], Pakbirra, [[Deulghata]], [[Budhpur, Purulia|Budhpur]] and [[Suisa]].” <ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.outlookindia.com/outlooktraveller/explore/story/68984/rediscover-purulias-timeless-heritage | title = Rediscover Purulia’s Timeless Heritage | first= Amitabha | last= Gupta| publisher = Outlook traveller, 22 August 2018 |access-date = 28 January 2020}}</ref>

==Pakbirra picture gallery==
<gallery widths="200px" heights="150px">
File:Pakbirra_Jain_Shrine_of_Purulia_03.jpg|Pakbirra Jain Shrine
File:Large Statue of Padmaprabha at Pakbirra 03.jpg|7.5 feet statue of [[Shitalanatha]]
File:Statue_of_Adinath_at_Pakbirra_Jain_Shrine_of_Purulia_05.jpg|4 ft. high Statue of Adinath at Pakbirra Jain Shrine, Purulia
File:Statue_of_Parshwanath_at_Pakbirra.jpg|Parshvanatha idol
File:Statue of Ambika at Pakbirra.jpg|Statue of Ambika at Pakbirra
File:Pakbirra_Jain_Shrine_of_Purulia_52.jpg|Sahstra pat - a stone plate housing 356 idols of Tirthankars with Lord Adinath seated in the middle
</gallery>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}

{{Purulia District}}
{{Jain centres in West Bengal}}

[[Category:Villages in Purulia district]]
[[Category:Jain temples in West Bengal]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Purulia district]]

Pakbirra - Revision history

imported>Chandan Guha: Stub tag removed