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2021-06-24T21:38:46Z

Added lang template to non-English words

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{{ Infobox language
| name = Padri
| nativename = {{lang|bhd|पाडरी}}
| states = [[India]]
|region = [[Padar (Jammu and Kashmir)|Padar]]
|coordinates = {{coord|33.26|76.16}}
|pushpin_map = India Jammu and Kashmir#India
|speakers = 10,000
|date = 1981
|ref=
|ethnicity=
|familycolor= Indo-European
|fam2= [[Indo-Iranian languages|Indo-Iranian]]
|fam3= [[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo-Aryan]]
|fam4= ? [[Northern Indo-Aryan languages|Northern]]
|fam5= [[Western Pahari]]
|fam6 = [[Bhadarwahi]]
|iso3 =
|isoexception=dialect
|glotto = pada1256
|glottorefname=Padari
}}

'''Padri''' ({{lang|bhd|पाडरी}} {{lang|bhd-Latn|pāḍrī}}) is a dialect spoken in the [[Padar (Jammu and Kashmir)|Padar valley]] in [[Kishtwar district]] in the Indian territory of [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]. It belongs to the [[Bhadarwahi]] group of dialects, and is classified as a member of the [[Western Pahari]] branch of the [[Indo-Aryan languages]].{{sfn|Kaul|2006a|pp=63, 85}}

The Padar valley is about 80 km long, the terrain is rugged and mountainous, and the population is found mainly in scattered hamlets, with the main village being [[Atholi, Kishtwar|Atholi]].{{sfn|Kaul|2006a|p=63}} The number of speakers, as of the 1981 census, stood at {{sigfig|10039|2}}.{{sfn|Kaul|2006a|p=64}}

Padri shares a large proportion of its vocabulary with other Western Pahari varieties (like Bhadarwahi and [[Sarazi|Siraji]]).{{sfn|Kaul|2006a|p=67}} There are two [[Grammatical gender|genders]]: masculine and feminine (there is no neuter). Nouns change for [[Grammatical case|case]], but not normally for number. However, some nouns do have plurals, which are formed using a variety of strategies:{{sfn|Kaul|2006a|pp=67–69}}
*{{lang|bhd|koā -> koi|italic=yes}} 'boys'
*{{lang|bhd|panna -> pannë|italic=yes}} 'leaves'
*{{lang|bhd|zebbh -> zibb|italic=yes}} 'tongues'
*{{lang|bhd|koi -> kui|italic=yes}} 'girls'
*{{lang|bhd|thaṛo -> thenë|italic=yes}} 'walnuts'

== Phonology ==
P.K. Koul mentions several series of "complex sounds". One such series consists of a consonant + ''y'' (for example {{lang|bhd|khyaḍaṇ|italic=yes}} 'to play', {{lang|bhd|syavā|italic=yes}} 'apple'), and another one involves a consonant + ''v'' (as in {{lang|bhd|kvatar|italic=yes}} 'dog', {{lang|bhd|lvanaṇ|italic=yes}} 'to sort'), but it is unclear whether these are [[co-articulated consonant]]s (involving [[palatalised consonant|palatalisation]] and [[labialisation]] respectively) or merely sequences of two separate consonants. Another set of distinctive sounds (shared with neighbouring Bhadarwahi dialects, where they are even more widespread) involve a combination of a [[retroflex stop]] + the lateral ''l'': ''ṭ͡lai'' 'three', ''niḍ͡l'' 'sleep', ''ḍ͡lau'' 'village'. These often correspond to clusters of a consonant + ''r'' in the ancestor language (compare the Sanskrit equivalents of the above three words: ''trīṇi-'', ''nidrā-'' and ''grāma-'').<ref>{{harvnb|Kaul|2006a|pp=66–67}}; {{harvnb|Kaul|2006b|pp=12–13}}.</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Bibliography ==
*{{cite book| last = Kaul| first = Pritam Krishen| year = 2006a| title = Pahāṛi and Other Tribal Dialects of Jammu| volume = 1| place = Delhi| publisher = Eastern Book Linkers| isbn = 8178541017 }}
*{{cite book| last = Kaul| first = Pritam Krishen| year = 2006b| title = Pahāṛi and Other Tribal Dialects of Jammu| volume = 2| place = Delhi| publisher = Eastern Book Linkers| chapter = Pāḍrī| pages = 1–33| isbn = 8178541025| language = Hindi }} Originally published in ''Chandrabhāg Ṭaṭ kī Parvatīya Boliyāṃ'' [1977].

[[Category:Languages of Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:Indo-Aryan languages]]
[[Category:Endangered languages of India]]

Padri dialect - Revision history

imported>Normal Name: Added lang template to non-English words