87.210.100.46: The phonetic transcription for Pārśvanātha is Pārśvanātha. At least that is how it is in Sanskrit. Parshwanath (with schwa-reduction) is an approximation of Hindi and Gujarati pronunciation. Wrong information removed.

2021-09-25T13:49:19Z

The phonetic transcription for Pārśvanātha is Pārśvanātha. At least that is how it is in Sanskrit. Parshwanath (with schwa-reduction) is an approximation of Hindi and Gujarati pronunciation. Wrong information removed.

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	'''Padmāvatī''' is the protective goddess or śāsana devī (शासनदेवी) of [[Parshvanatha\|Pārśvanātha]] ~~(phonetic: Parshwanath)~~, the twenty-third [[Jain]] [[tirthankara\|tīrthāṅkara]], complimenting Parshwa yaksha, the shasan deva.{{Sfn\|Cort\|2010\|p=186}} She is a yakshi (attendant goddess) of Parshwanatha.{{sfn\|Cort\|1987\|pp=235–255}}		'''Padmāvatī''' is the protective goddess or śāsana devī (शासनदेवी) of [[Parshvanatha\|Pārśvanātha]], the twenty-third [[Jain]] [[tirthankara\|tīrthāṅkara]], complimenting Parshwa yaksha, the shasan deva.{{Sfn\|Cort\|2010\|p=186}} She is a yakshi (attendant goddess) of Parshwanatha.{{sfn\|Cort\|1987\|pp=235–255}}

	== Jain Biography ==		== Jain Biography ==

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2021-07-17T09:29:55Z

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{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2015}}
{{Infobox deity
| type = Jain
| image = File:MET - Padmavati Idol (1).jpg
| alt = Padmavati
| caption = Padmavati, 10th century, [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]]
| spouse = [[Dharanendra]]
}}
{{Jainism}}

'''Padmāvatī''' is the protective goddess or śāsana devī (शासनदेवी) of [[Parshvanatha|Pārśvanātha]] (phonetic: Parshwanath), the twenty-third [[Jain]] [[tirthankara|tīrthāṅkara]], complimenting Parshwa yaksha, the shasan deva.{{Sfn|Cort|2010|p=186}} She is a yakshi (attendant goddess) of Parshwanatha.{{sfn|Cort|1987|pp=235–255}}

== Jain Biography ==
There is another pair of souls of a [[nāga]] and [[Nāga|nāginī]] who were saved by Parshwanath while being burnt alive in a log of wood by the [[tapas kamath]], and who were subsequently reborn as [[Indra]] (Dharanendra in particular) and Padmavati (different from sashan devi) after their death.{{Sfn|Babb|1996|p=33}} According to the [[Jainism|Jain]] tradition, Padmavati and her husband [[Dharanendra]] protected Lord Parshvanatha when he was harassed by Meghmali.{{Sfn|Jain|Fischer|1978|p=21}}{{Sfn|Sūri|Raval|Shah|1987|p=267}} After Padmavati rescued Parshvanatha grew subsequently powerful in to yakshi, a powerful tantric deity and surpassed other snake goddess ''Vairotya''.{{sfn|Shah|1987|p=221}}

== Legacy ==
=== Worship ===
[[File:9th century Padmavati Devi bas-relief Jain Monuments Chitaral Tamil Nadu India.jpg|thumb|left|9th century Padmavati relief in [[Chitharal Jain Monuments]] ]]
Goddess Padmavati along with [[Ambika (Jainism)|Ambika]], [[Chakreshvari]] are held as esteemed deities and worshipped in Jains along with [[tirthankaras]].{{Sfn|Krishna|2014|p=68}}{{Sfn|Chawdhri|1992|p=128}} Ambika and Padmavati are associated with [[Tantra#Jainism_and_other_religions|tantric]] rituals. Both Padmavati and Dharanendra are revered exclusively as powerful intercessor deities.{{Sfn|Cort|2010|p=186}} These tantric rites involves ''yantra-vidhi'', ''pitha-sthapana'' and ''mantra-puja''.{{Sfn|Tiwari|1989|p=29}}{{sfn|Shah|1987|p=221}} Friday of every week is particularly popular day to worship the Goddess.{{sfn|Dundas|2002|pp=213-214}}

=== In literature ===
* ''Bhairava-Padmavati-Kalpa'' written by Mallisena in 12th century is tantric text to worship Padmavati. The text discusses rites connected with Padmavati, namely, stambha, vasya, akarsana, nimitta-jnana, garuda tantra etc.{{sfn|Shah|1987|p=277}}
* ''Adbhuta-Padmavati-Kalpa'' is [[Shvetambar]] text composed by Shri Chandra Suri, 12th century.{{sfn|Shah|1987|p=277}}
* ''Padmavati-astaka'' composed by Shvetambar scholar Parshvadeva gani is commentary of various tantric rites.{{sfn|Shah|1987|p=277}}
* ''Padmavati-catusadika'' composed by Jinaprabha suri.{{sfn|Shah|1987|p=277}}
* ''Padmavati-Pujanama'', ''Padmavati-strota'', ''Padmavati-sahasra-nama-strota'', ''Rakta-Padmavati-Kalpa'' are tantric text dedicated to Padmavati.{{sfn|Shah|1987|p=277}}

=== Iconography ===
A snake's hood covers her head, and she sits on a lotus flower. Often a small image of the Lord Parshvanatha is placed in her crown. She may be depicted as four-armed, carrying noose and rosary (japa mala), elephant goad, lotus and a fruit.{{Sfn|Jain|Fischer|1978|p=21}} Yaksha-Yakshi pair sculptures of Padmavati Ambika and [[Dharanendra]] are one of the most favoured along with [[Gomukha]]-[[Chakreshwari]] and Sarvahanabhuti-[[Ambika (Jainism)|Ambika]].{{Sfn|Tiwari|1989|p=13}}
<gallery>
File:Indian - Mandala of Padmavati - Walters 543007.jpg|'Mandala of Padmavati', bronze, [[Walters Art Museum]], 11th century
File:Hanumantal padmavati.jpg|Goddess Padmavati at [[Hanumantal Bada Jain Mandir]], [[Jabalpur]]
File:Sculpture of Yakshi Padmavathi at Akkana Basadi in Shravanabelagola.jpg|Sculpture of Goddess Padmavati in [[Akkana Basadi]], 12th century
File:Padmavati Devi Walkeshwar Jain Temple.jpg|Goddess Padmavati at [[Walkeshwar#Places_of_interest|Walkeshwar Jain Temple]]
File:Shri Mahaveerji temple - Padmavati Idol.jpg|Padmavati at [[Shri Mahavirji]]
</gallery>

=== Main temples ===
* [[Padmakshi Gutta]]
* [[Padmavati temple, Humcha]], 7th century temple

<gallery>
File:Karkala_1.jpg|Padmavati Basadi, [[Karkala]], [[Karnataka]]
File:Backside view of Basadi in Humcha.jpg|[[Padmavati temple, Humcha|Padmavati temple]], [[Humcha]]
</gallery>

==See also==
* [[Humcha]]
* [[Hanumantal Bada Jain Mandir]]

==References==
===Citation===
{{Reflist}}

===Source===
*{{citation |last=Dundas |first=Paul |author-link=Paul Dundas |title=The Jains |url={{Google books|jdjNkZoGFCgC|plainurl=yes}} |edition=Second |date=2002 |orig-year=1992 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=978-0-415-26605-5 |location=London and New York }}
*{{citation |last=Shah |first=Umakant P. | author-link=Umakant Premanand Shah |title=Jaina Iconography |url={{Google books|m_y_P4duSXsC|page=267|plainurl=yes}} |year=1987 |publisher=Abhinav Publications |isbn=978-81-7017-208-6 }}
*{{citation |last1=Jain |first1=Jyotindra | author-link1=Jyotindra Jain |last2=Fischer |first2=Eberhard | author-link2=Eberhard Fischer |title=Jaina Iconography |url={{Google books|mbXwopoqITIC|page=21|plainurl=yes}} | year=1978 | publisher=[[BRILL]] |location=Leiden | isbn=978-90-04-05259-8 }}
*{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MDBpq23-0QoC|title=Framing the Jina: Narratives of Icons and Idols in Jain History|first=John|last=Cort|author-link=John E. Cort|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|date=2010|isbn=9780199739578}}
*{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y64wDwAAQBAJ|title=Absent Lord: Ascetics and Kings in a Jain Ritual Culture|first=Lawrence A. |last=Babb|publisher=[[University of California Press]]|location=Berkeley, Calif.|date=1996|isbn=9780520203242|access-date=2017-09-22}}
*{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l0Tt04JDN0kC| title=Ambika in Jaina Art and Literature | first=Dr. Maruti Nandan Prasad | last=Tiwari | publisher=[[Bharatiya Jnanpith]] | date=1989 }}
*{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M_xsAwAAQBAJ | title=Sacred Plants of India | first=Nanditha | last=Krishna | publisher=[[Penguin Books|Penguin UK]] | date=2014 | isbn=9789351186915 }}
*{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ngmw3CDm4MkC|title=Secrets of Yantra, Mantra and Tantra| first=L. R. |last=Chawdhri | publisher=Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd |date=1992 |isbn=9781845570224 }}
*{{cite book|url=http://ualberta.worldcat.org/title/padmasundarasuriviracita-yadusundaramahakavya/oclc/255996470|title=Padmasundarasūriviracita Yadusundaramahākāvya|last=Sūri|first=Padmasundara|last2=Raval|first2=D. P|last3=Shah|first3=Nagin J|date=1987|publisher=Lālabhāī Dalapatabhāī Bhāratīya Saṃskṛti Vidyāmadira|location=Ahamadābād|language=sa}}
*{{cite journal|last=Cort|first=John|date=1987-01-01|title=Medieval Jaina Goddess Traditions|journal=Numen|language=en|volume=34|issue=2doi=10.1163/156852787X00047|pages=235–255|doi=10.1163/156852787x00047|issn=1568-5276 }}

==External links==
*{{Commonscatinline}}

{{Jainism topics}}

[[Category:Heavenly attendants in Jainism]]
[[Category:Pārśvanātha]]
[[Category:Nāgas]]

Padmavati (Jainism) - Revision history

87.210.100.46: The phonetic transcription for Pārśvanātha is Pārśvanātha. At least that is how it is in Sanskrit. Parshwanath (with schwa-reduction) is an approximation of Hindi and Gujarati pronunciation. Wrong information removed.

imported>Pratyk321: no need or sfnref