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{{Indic glyph |letname = Pa |previousletter = Na |nextletter = Pha |devacp = 092A |devaimg = Devanagari p.svg |bengcp = 09AA |bengimg = Bengali Letter Pa.svg |gurucp = 0A2A |gujrcp = 0AAA |oryacp = 0B2A |tamlcp = 0BAA |tamlimg = Tamil-alphabet-பப.svg |telucp = 0C2A |kndacp = 0CAA |mlymcp = 0D2A |sinhcp = 0DB4 |thaicp = 0E1A  |thai2cp = 0E1B  |laoocp = 0E9B |tibtimg = Tibetan Pa.svg |tibtcp = 0F54 |mymrcp = 1015 |khmrcp = 1796 |tglgcp = 1709 |hanocp = 1729 |buhdcp = 1749 |tagbcp = 1769 |bugicp = 1A04 |balicp = 1B27 |sundcp = 1B95 |batkcp = 1BC7 |limbcp = 1910 |talecp = 1959 |talucp = 1994 |talu2cp = 1997 |lanacp = 1A38 |lana2cp = 1A3B |lepccp = 1C0E |sylocp = A819 |phagcp = A84C |saurcp = A8A6 |kalicp = A915 |rjngcp = A936 |javacp = A9A5 |chamcp = AA1A |tavtcp = AA9C |tavt2cp = AA9D |mteicp = ABC4

|kharcp = 10A24 |kthicp = 110A3 |soracp = 110DB |cakmcp = 1111B |mahjcp = 11168 |shrdcp = 111A5 |khojcp = 1121F |sindcp = 112D2 |grancp = 1132A |tirhcp = 114A3 |modicp = 11622 |takrcp = 1169E

|brahcp = 11027 |kushanaimg = Gupta ashoka p.svg |guptaimg = Gupta allahabad p.svg| ashokaimg = Brahmi p.svg
|tochimg = Tocharian letter pa.gif
|toch2img = Tocharian letter pà.gif |brahletname = Brahmi 'P'
|siddcp = 115A2 |siddimg = Siddham p.svg |siddletname = Siddhaṃ 'Pa'
|ipa = p |iast = p |iscii = C8


|canscp = 142f |canscp-I = 1431 |canscp-O = 1433 |canscp-A = 1438 |canscp-X = 1449 |cansletname = p

|canscp-1 = 142f 1449 |canscp-2 = 150c |canscp-3 = 18b4 18b6 |canscp-4 = 14d4
|canscp-5 = 18dc 18dd |canscp-6 = |canscp-7 = |canscp-8 = |canscp-9 =


|multcp = 1129B |newacp = 11425 |ahomcp = 11706 |dogrcp = 1181E |diakcp = 11920 |nandcp = 119C2 |zanbcp = 11A1E |soyocp = 11A70 |pauccp = 11AC0 |bhkscp = 11C22 |marccp = 11C7E |marcalt = 11C9E |gonmcp = 11D20 |gongcp = 11D85 |makacp = 11EE3
}}

'''Pa''' is a consonant of Indic abugidas. In modern Indic scripts, Pa is derived from the early "[[Ashoka]]" Brahmi letter [[Image:Brahmi p.svg|13px|ng]] after having gone through the [[Gupta script|Gupta]] letter [[File:Gupta allahabad p.svg|13px]].

== Āryabhaṭa numeration ==

{{further|Āryabhaṭa numeration}}

[[Aryabhata]] used Devanagari letters for numbers, very similar to the [[Greek numerals]], even after the invention of [[Indian numerals]]. The values of the different forms of प are:<ref name="Ifrah">{{cite book|last=Ifrah|first=Georges|title=The Universal History of Numbers. From Prehistory to the Invention of the Computer|url=https://archive.org/details/universalhistory00ifra_411|url-access=limited|year=2000|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|location=New York|isbn=0-471-39340-1|pages=[https://archive.org/details/universalhistory00ifra_411/page/n468 447]–450}}</ref>
*प {{IPA-hi|pə|}} = 21 (२१)
*पि {{IPA-hi|pɪ|}} = 2,100 (२ १००)
*पु {{IPA-hi|pʊ|}} = 210,000 (२ १० ०००)
*पृ {{IPA-hi|pri|}} = 21,000,000 (२ १० ०० ०००)
*पॢ {{IPA-hi|plə|}} = 21{{e|8}} (२१×१०८)
*पे {{IPA-hi|pe|}} = 21{{e|10}} (२१×१०१०)
*पै {{IPA-hi|pɛː|}} = 21{{e|12}} (२१×१०१२)
*पो {{IPA-hi|poː|}} = 21{{e|14}} (२१×१०१४)
*पौ {{IPA-hi|pɔː|}} = 21{{e|16}} (२१×१०१६)

==Historic Pa==
There are three different general early historic scripts - [[Brahmi script|Brahmi]] and its variants, [[Kharosthi|Kharoṣṭhī]], and [[Tocharian alphabet|Tocharian]], the so-called ''slanting Brahmi''. Pa as found in standard [[Brahmi]], [[Image:Brahmi p.svg|13px|Pa]] was a simple geometric shape, with variations toward more flowing forms by the Gupta [[Image:Gupta allahabad p.svg|13px|Pa]]. The Tocharian Pa [[Image:Tocharian letter pa.gif|18px|Pa]] had an alterante [[Tocharian alphabet#Script|Fremdzeichen]] form, [[Image:Tocharian letter pà.gif|18px|Pa]]. The third form of pa, in Kharoshthi ([[file:Буква PА (незалежний знак). Письмо кхароштхі. Kharoshthi letter PA.svg|15px|Pa]]) was probably derived from Aramaic separately from the Brahmi letter.

===Brahmi Pa===

The Brahmi letter [[Image:Brahmi p.svg|13px|Pa]], Pa, is [[Brahmi script#origin|probably derived]] from the Aramaic [[Pe (Semitic letter)|Pe]] [[File:Pe0.svg|13px]], and is thus related to the modern Latin [[P]] and Greek [[Pi (letter)|Pi]].<ref name="Buhler">{{cite web |last1=Bühler |first1=Georg |title=On the Origin of the Indian Brahmi Alphabet |url=https://archive.org/details/onoriginofindian00bhuoft/page/n3/mode/2up |website=archive.org |publisher=Karl J. Trübner |access-date=10 June 2020}}</ref> Several identifiable styles of writing the Brahmi Pa can be found, most associated with a specific set of inscriptions from an artifact or diverse records from an historic period.<ref>[[:File:Brahmi script consonants according to James Prinsep March 1838.jpg|Evolutionary chart]], Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal Vol 7, 1838 [https://archive.org/stream/journalofasiatic775asia#page/n101]</ref> As the earliest and most geometric style of Brahmi, the letters found on the [[Edicts of Ashoka]] and other records from around that time are normally the reference form for Brahmi letters, with vowel marks not attested until later forms of Brahmi back-formed to match the geometric writing style.

{|class="wikitable"
|+Brahmi Pa historic forms
|-
!Ashoka ([[Brahmi script#Early Brahmi or "Ashokan Brahmi" (3rd-1st century BCE)|3rd-1st c. BCE]]) !! Girnar (~150 BCE) !! Kushana ([[Brahmi script#Middle Brahmi or "Kushana Brahmi" (1st–3rd centuries CE)|~150-250 CE]]) !! Gujarat (~250 CE) !! Gupta ([[Gupta script|~350 CE]])
|-
| [[File:Brahmi p.svg|37px]] || [[Image:Gupta girnar p.svg|37px]] || [[Image:Gupta ashoka p.svg|37px]] || [[Image:Gupta gujarat p.svg|37px]] || [[Image:Gupta allahabad p.svg|37px]]
|}

===Tocharian Pa===

The Tocharian letter [[Image:Tocharian letter pa.gif|25px|Pa]] is derived from the Brahmi [[Image:Brahmi p.svg|13px|Pa]], and has an alternate Fremdzeichen form [[Image:Tocharian letter pà.gif|25px|pä]] used in conjuncts and as an alternate representation of Pä.

{|class="wikitable"
|+Tocharian Pa with vowel marks
|-
! Pa !! Pā !! Pi !! Pī !! Pu !! Pū !! Pr !! Pr̄ !! Pe !! Pai !! Po !! Pau !! Pä !! Fremdzeichen
|-
| [[File:Tocharian letter pa.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter paa.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter pi.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter pii.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter pu.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter puu.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter pr.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter prr.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter pe.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter pai.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter po.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter pau.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter pä.gif|37px]] || [[Image:Tocharian letter pà.gif|37px]]
|}

===Kharoṣṭhī Pa===

The Kharoṣṭhī letter [[file:Буква PА (незалежний знак). Письмо кхароштхі. Kharoshthi letter PA.svg|15px|Pa]] is generally accepted as being derived from the Aramaic [[Pe (Semitic letter)|Pe]] [[File:Pe0.svg|13px]], and is thus related to [[P]] and [[Pi (letter)|Pi]], in addition to the Brahmi Pa.<ref name="Buhler"/>

==Devanagari Pa==

{{main|Devanagari pa}}
{{Devanagari abugida sidebar}}
'''Pa''' ('''प''') is a consonant of the [[Devanagari]] [[abugida]]. It ultimately arose from the [[Brahmi]] letter [[Image:Brahmi p.svg|13px|ka]], after having gone through the [[Gupta script|Gupta]] letter [[File:Gupta allahabad p.svg|13px]]. Letters that derive from it are the [[Gujarati script|Gujarati]] letter '''પ''', and the [[Modi alphabet|Modi]] letter 𑘢.

===Devanagari-using Languages===
In all languages, प is pronounced as {{IPA-hi|pə|}} or {{IPAblink|p}} when appropriate. Like all Indic scripts, Devanagari uses vowel marks attached to the base consonant to override the inherent /ə/ vowel:

{|class="wikitable"
|+ Devanagari प with vowel marks
|-
! Pa !! Pā !! Pi !! Pī !! Pu !! Pū !! Pr !! Pr̄ !! Pl !! Pl̄ !! Pe !! Pai !! Po !! Pau !! P
|-style="font-size: 150%;"
|प
|पा
|पि
|पी
|पु
|पू
|पृ
|पॄ
|पॢ
|पॣ
|पे
|पै
|पो
|पौ
|प्
|}



===Conjuncts with प===
[[File:Devanagari Pa half form.svg|thumb|right|100px|Half form of Pa.]]
Devanagari exhibits conjunct ligatures, as is common in Indic scripts. In modern Devanagari texts, most conjuncts are formed by reducing the letter shape to fit tightly to the following letter, usually by dropping a character's vertical stem, sometimes referred to as a "half form". Some conjunct clusters are always represented by a true ligature, instead of a shape that can be broken into constituent independent letters. Vertically stacked conjuncts are ubiquitous in older texts, while only a few are still used routinely in modern Devanagari texts. The use of ligatures and vertical conjuncts may vary across languages using the Devanagari script, with [[Marathi language|Marathi]] in particular preferring the use of half forms where texts in other languages would show ligatures and vertical stacks.<ref name="KNAB">{{cite web |last1=Pall |first1=Peeter |title=Microsoft Word - kblhi2 |url=https://www.eki.ee/knab/lat/kblhi2.pdf |website=Eesti Keele Instituudi kohanimeandmed |publisher=Eesti Keele Instituudi kohanimeandmed |access-date=19 June 2020}}</ref>

====Ligature conjuncts of प====
True ligatures are quite rare in Indic scripts. The most common ligated conjuncts in Devanagari are in the form of a slight mutation to fit in context or as a consistent variant form appended to the adjacent characters. Those variants include [[Na (Indic)#Devanagari Na|Na]] and the [[Ra (Indic)#Devanagari Repha|Repha]] and [[Ra (Indic)#Devanagari Rakar|Rakar]] forms of Ra. [[Nepali language|Nepali]] and [[Marathi language|Marathi]] texts use the "eyelash" Ra half form [[Image:Devanagari Eyelash Ra.svg|15px|Ra]] for an initial "R" instead of repha.

* Repha र্ (r) + प (pa) gives the ligature rpa: {{ref|note|note}}
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct RPa.svg|100px]]
* Eyelash र্ (r) + प (pa) gives the ligature rpa:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct Eyelash RPa.svg|125px]]
* प্ (p) + न (na) gives the ligature pna:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct PNa.svg|100px]]
* प্ (p) + rakar र (ra) gives the ligature pra:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct PRa.svg|100px]]
* प্ (p) + ढ (ḍʱa) gives the ligature pḍʱa:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct PDdha.svg|100px]]
* प্ (p) + त (ta) gives the ligature pta:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct PTa.svg|100px]]
* प্ (p) + त্ (t) + rakar र (ra) gives the ligature ptra:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct PTRa.svg|100px]]

====Stacked conjuncts of प====
Vertically stacked ligatures are the most common conjunct forms found in Devanagari text. Although the constituent characters may need to be stretched and moved slightly in order to stack neatly, stacked conjuncts can be broken down into recognizable base letters, or a letter and an otherwise standard ligature.

* छ্ (ch) + प (pa) gives the ligature chpa:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct ChPa.svg|100px]]
* ढ্ (ḍʱ) + प (pa) gives the ligature ḍʱpa:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct DdhPa.svg|100px]]
* ड্ (ḍ) + प (pa) gives the ligature ḍpa:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct DdPa.svg|100px]]
* द্ (d) + प (pa) gives the ligature dpa:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct DPa.svg|100px]]
* ङ্ (ŋ) + प (pa) gives the ligature ŋpa:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct NgPa.svg|100px]]
* प্ (p) + च (ca) gives the ligature pca:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct PCa.svg|100px]]
* प্ (p) + ड (ḍa) gives the ligature pḍa:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct PDda.svg|100px]]
* प্ (p) + ज (ja) gives the ligature pja:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct PJa.svg|100px]]
* प্ (p) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature pjña:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct PJNya.svg|100px]]
* प্ (p) + ल (la) gives the ligature pla:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct PLa.svg|100px]]
* प্ (p) + ङ (ŋa) gives the ligature pŋa:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct PNga.svg|100px]]
* प্ (p) + ण (ṇa) gives the ligature pṇa:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct PNna.svg|100px]]
* प্ (p) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature pña:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct PNya.svg|100px]]
* प্ (p) + ट (ṭa) gives the ligature pṭa:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct PTta.svg|100px]]
* प্ (p) + ठ (ṭha) gives the ligature pṭha:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct PTtha.svg|100px]]
* ठ্ (ṭh) + प (pa) gives the ligature ṭhpa:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct TthPa.svg|100px]]
* ट্ (ṭ) + प (pa) gives the ligature ṭpa:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct TtPa.svg|100px]]

==Bengali Pa==

The Bengali script প is derived from the [[Siddhaṃ]] [[Image:Siddham p.svg|13px]], but lacks the horizontal head line, and has a less geometric shape than its Devanagari counterpart, प. The inherent vowel of Bengali consonant letters is /ɔ/, so the bare letter প will sometimes be transliterated as "po" instead of "pa". Adding okar, the "o" vowel mark, gives a reading of /po/.

Like all Indic consonants, প can be modified by marks to indicate another (or no) vowel than its inherent "a".

{|class="wikitable"
|+ Bengali প with vowel marks
|-
! pa !! pā !! pi !! pī !! pu !! pū !! pr !! pr̄ !! pe !! pai !! po !! pau !! p
|-style="font-size: 150%;"
|প
|পা
|পি
|পী
|পু
|পূ
|পৃ
|পৄ
|পে
|পৈ
|পো
|পৌ
|প্
|}

===প in Bengali-using languages===

প is used as a basic consonant character in all of the major Bengali script orthographies, including [[Bengali alphabet|Bengali]] and [[Assamese alphabet|Assamese]]. 

===Conjuncts with প===

Bengali প exhibits conjunct ligatures, as is common in Indic scripts, with a tendency towards stacked ligatures as an initial head consonant, and linear (horizontal) ligatures as a trailing consonant.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Bengali Alphabet|url=http://tesseractindic.googlecode.com/files/wb069conjuncts.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928021705/http://tesseractindic.googlecode.com/files/wb069conjuncts.pdf|archive-date=2013-09-28}}</ref>

* ল্ (l) + প (pa) gives the ligature lpa:
[[File:Bengali Conjunct Lpa.svg |100px]]
* ম্ (m) + প (pa) gives the ligature mpa:
[[File:Bengali Conjunct Mpa.svg |100px]]
* ম্ (m) + প্ (p) + র (ra) gives the ligature mpra, with the [[ra phala]] suffix:
[[File:Bengali Conjunct Mpra.svg |100px]]
* প্ (p) + ল (la) gives the ligature pla:
[[File:Bengali Conjunct Pla.svg |100px]]
* প্ (p) + ন (na) gives the ligature pna:
[[File:Bengali Conjunct Pna.svg |100px]]
* প্ (p) + প (pa) gives the ligature ppa:
[[File:Bengali Conjunct Ppa.svg |100px]]
* প্ (p) + র (ra) gives the ligature pra, with the ra phala suffix:
[[File:Bengali Conjunct Pra.svg |100px]]
* প্ (p) + র্ (r) + য (ya) gives the ligature prya, with the ra phala and [[ya phala]] suffixes
[[File:Bengali Conjunct Prya.svg |100px]]
* প্ (p) + স (sa) gives the ligature psa:
[[File:Bengali Conjunct Psa.svg |100px]]
* প্ (p) + ত (ta) gives the ligature pta:
[[File:Bengali Conjunct Pta.svg |100px]]
* প্ (p) + ট (ṭa) gives the ligature pṭa:
[[File:Bengali Conjunct Ptta.svg |100px]]
* প্ (p) + য (ya) gives the ligature pya, with the ya phala suffix:
[[File:Bengali Conjunct Pya.svg |100px]]
* র্ (r) + প (pa) gives the ligature rpa, with the [[Ra (Indic)#Bengali Repha|repha]] prefix:
[[File:Bengali Conjunct Rpa.svg |100px]]
* স্ (s) + প (pa) gives the ligature spa:
[[File:Bengali Conjunct Spa.svg |100px]]
* স্ (s) + প্ (p) + ল (la) gives the ligature spla:
[[File:Bengali Conjunct Spla.svg |100px]]
* ষ্ (ṣ) + প (pa) gives the ligature ṣpa:
[[File:Bengali Conjunct SSpa.svg |100px]]
* ষ্ (ṣ) + প্ (p) + র (ra) gives the ligature ṣpra, with the ra phala suffix:
[[File:Bengali Conjunct SSpra.svg |100px]]

==Gujarati Pa==

[[File:Gujarati letter Pa.svg|thumb|right|100px|Gujarati Pa.]]
'''Pa''' ('''પ''') is the twenty-first consonant of the [[Gujarati script|Gujarati]] [[abugida]]. It is derived from the Devanagari Pa [[Image:Devanagari p.svg|13px|Pa]] with the top bar (shiro rekha) removed, and ultimately the [[Brahmi]] letter [[Image:Brahmi p.svg|13px|Pa]].

===Gujarati-using Languages===
The Gujarati script is used to write the [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] and [[Kutchi language|Kutchi]] languages. In both languages, પ is pronounced as {{IPA-gu|pə|}} or {{IPAblink|p}} when appropriate. Like all Indic scripts, Gujarati uses vowel marks attached to the base consonant to override the inherent /ə/ vowel:

{| class=wikitable style="width: 40em;"
|-
! style="width:6%;"| Pa !! style="width:7%;"| Pā !! style="width:6.5%;"| Pi !! style="width:7%;"| Pī !! style="width:4.5%;"| Pu !! style="width:5%;"| Pū !! style="width:4.5%;"| Pr !! style="width:5%;"| Pl !! style="width:5%;"| Pr̄ !! style="width:5%;"| Pl̄ !! style="width:4.5%;"| Pĕ !! style="width:4.5%;"| Pe !! style="width:5%;"| Pai !! style="width:7%;"| Pŏ !! style="width:7%;"| Po !! style="width:6%;"| Pau !! style="width:7%;"| P
|- align="center"
| colspan=17 |[[File:Gujarati Pa Matras.svg|750px]]
|-
| colspan=17 |Gujarati Pa syllables, with vowel marks in red.
|}

===Conjuncts with પ===
[[File:Gujarati letter Pa half form.svg|thumb|right|100px|Half form of Pa.]]
Gujarati પ exhibits conjunct ligatures, much like its parent Devanagari Script. Most Gujarati conjuncts can only be formed by reducing the letter shape to fit tightly to the following letter, usually by dropping a character's vertical stem, sometimes referred to as a "half form". A few conjunct clusters can be represented by a true ligature, instead of a shape that can be broken into constituent independent letters, and vertically stacked conjuncts can also be found in Gujarati, although much less commonly than in Devanagari.

True ligatures are quite rare in Indic scripts. The most common ligated conjuncts in Gujarati are in the form of a slight mutation to fit in context or as a consistent variant form appended to the adjacent characters. Those variants include [[Na (Indic)#Gujarati Na|Na]] and the [[Ra (Indic)#Gujarati Repha|Repha]] and [[Ra (Indic)#Gujarati Rakar|Rakar]] forms of Ra.

* ર્ (r) + પ (pa) gives the ligature RPa:
[[File:Gujarati conjunct RPa.svg|100px]]

* પ્ (p) + ર (ra) gives the ligature PRa:
[[File:Gujarati conjunct PRa.svg|100px]]

* પ્ (p) + ત (ta) gives the ligature PTa:
[[File:Gujarati conjunct PTa.svg|100px]]

* પ્ (p) + ન (na) gives the ligature PNa:
[[File:Gujarati conjunct PNa.svg|100px]]

==Javanese Pa==
{{main|Pa (Javanese)}}

==Telugu Pa==
{{multiple image
| width = 100px
| image1 = Telugu letter Pa.svg
| alt1 = Telugu Pa
| image2 = Telugu subjoined Pa.svg
| alt2 = Telugu subjoined Pa
| footer = Telugu independent and subjoined Pa.
}}
'''Pa''' ('''ప''') is a consonant of the [[Telugu script|Telugu]] [[abugida]]. It ultimately arose from the [[Brahmi]] letter [[Image:Brahmi p.svg|13px|P]]. It is closely related to the [[Kannada script|Kannada]] letter '''ಪ'''. Most Telugu consonants contain a v-shaped headstroke that is related to the horizontal headline found in other Indic scripts, although headstrokes do not connect adjacent letters in Telugu. The headstroke is normally lost when adding vowel matras.

Telugu conjuncts are created by reducing trailing letters to a subjoined form that appears below the initial consonant of the conjunct. Many subjoined forms are created by dropping their headline, with many extending the end of the stroke of the main letter body to form an extended tail reaching up to the right of the preceding consonant. This subjoining of trailing letters to create conjuncts is in contrast to the leading half forms of Devanagari and Bengali letters. Ligature conjuncts are not a feature in Telugu, with the only non-standard construction being an alternate subjoined form of [[Ṣa (Indic)#Telugu Ṣa|Ṣa]] (borrowed from [[Kannada script|Kannada]]) in the KṢa conjunct.

==Malayalam Pa==
[[File:Malayalam letter Pa.svg|thumb|100px|Malayalam letter Pa]]

'''Pa''' ('''പ''') is a consonant of the [[Malayalam script|Malayalam]] [[abugida]]. It ultimately arose from the [[Brahmi]] letter [[Image:Brahmi p.svg|13px|P]], via the [[Grantha script|Grantha]] letter [[Image:Grantha letter Pa.svg|x15px|Pa]] ''Pa''. Like in other Indic scripts, Malayalam consonants have the inherent vowel "a", and take one of several modifying vowel signs to represent syllables with another vowel or no vowel at all.

[[File:Malayalam Pa matras.svg|thumb|center|550px|Malayalam Pa matras: Pa, Pā, Pi, Pī, Pu, Pū, Pr̥, Pr̥̄, Pl̥, Pl̥̄, Pe, Pē, Pai, Po, Pō, Pau, and P.]]

===Conjuncts of പ===
As is common in Indic scripts, Malayalam joins letters together to form conjunct consonant clusters. There are several ways in which conjuncts are formed in Malayalam texts: using a post-base form of a trailing consonant placed under the initial consonant of a conjunct, a combined ligature of two or more consonants joined together, a conjoining form that appears as a combining mark on the rest of the conjunct, the use of an explicit [[candrakkala]] mark to suppress the inherent "a" vowel, or a special consonant form called a "chillu" letter, representing a bare consonant without the inherent "a" vowel. Texts written with the modern reformed Malayalam orthography, ''put̪iya lipi'', may favor more regular conjunct forms than older texts in ''paḻaya lipi'', due to [[Malayalam#Orthography reform|changes]] undertaken in the 1970s by the [[Government of Kerala]].

* പ് (p) + ത (ta) gives the ligature pta:
[[File:Malayalam conjunct PTa.svg]]
* പ് (p) + ന (na) gives the ligature pna:
[[File:Malayalam conjunct PNa.svg]]
* പ് (p) + പ (pa) gives the ligature ppa:
[[File:Malayalam conjunct PPa.svg]]
* മ് (m) + പ (pa) gives the ligature mpa:
[[File:Malayalam conjunct MPa.svg]]
* ല് (l) + പ (pa) gives the ligature lpa:
[[File:Malayalam conjunct LPa.svg]]
* ഷ് (ṣ) + പ (pa) gives the ligature ṣpa:
[[File:Malayalam conjunct SsPa.svg]]
* സ് (s) + പ (pa) gives the ligature spa:
[[File:Malayalam conjunct SPa.svg]]
* പ് (p) + ഫ (pha) gives the ligature ppha:
[[File:Malayalam conjunct PPha.svg]]
* പ് (p) + സ (sa) gives the ligature psa:
[[File:Malayalam conjunct PSa.svg]]

==Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics Pe==
{{Canadian Syllabics sidebar}}
'''ᐯ''', '''ᐱ''', '''ᐳ''' and '''ᐸ''' are the base characters "Pe", "Pi", "Po" and "Pa" in the [[Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics]]. The bare consonant '''ᑉ''' (P) is a small version of the A-series letter ᐸ, although the Western Cree letter ᑊ, derived from [[Pitman shorthand]] was the original bare consonant symbol for P. The character ᐯ is derived from a handwritten form of the Devanagari letter प, without the headline or vertical stem, and the forms for different vowels are derived by rotation.<ref>Andrew Dalby (2004:139) ''Dictionary of Languages''</ref><ref>''[http://www.languagegeek.com/typography/syllabics/syl1.html Some General Aspects of the Syllabics Orthography],'' Chris Harvey 2003</ref>

Unlike most writing systems without legacy computer encodings, complex Canadian syllabic letters are represented in Unicode with pre-composed characters, rather than with base characters and diacritical marks.

{| class=wikitable style="align:center;"
|-
! Variant
! colspan=2 | E-series
! colspan=2 | I-series
! colspan=3 | O-series
! colspan=3 | A-series
! Other
|- align="center"
! rowspan=2 | P + vowel
| colspan=2 | {{huge|ᐯ}} || colspan=2 | {{huge|ᐱ}} || colspan=3 | {{huge|ᐳ}} || colspan=3 | {{huge|ᐸ}} || {{huge|ᢵ}}
|-
! colspan=2 | Pe !! colspan=2 | Pi !! colspan=3 | Po !! colspan=3 | Pa !! Pay
|- align="center"
! rowspan=2 | Small
| colspan=2 | - || colspan=2 | {{huge|ᣔ}} || colspan=3 | - || colspan=3 | {{huge|ᑉ}} || {{huge|ᑊ}}
|-
! colspan=2 | - !! colspan=2 | ''Ojibway'' P !! colspan=3 | - !! colspan=3 | P !! ''Cree'' P
|- align="center"
! rowspan=2 | P with long vowels
| colspan=2 | - || colspan=2 | {{huge|ᐲ}} || colspan=2 | {{huge|ᐴ}} || {{huge|ᐵ}}|| colspan=3 | {{huge|ᐹ}} || {{huge|ᐰ}}
|-
! colspan=2 | - !! colspan=2 | Pī !! colspan=2 | Pō !! ''Cree'' Pō !! colspan=3 | Pā !! Pāi
|- align="center"
! rowspan=2 | P + W-vowels
| {{huge|ᐺ}} || {{huge|ᐻ}} || {{huge|ᐼ}} ||{{huge|ᐽ}} || colspan=2 | {{huge|ᑀ}} || {{huge|ᑁ}} || {{huge|ᑄ}} || colspan=2 | {{huge|ᑅ}} || -
|-
! Pwe !! ''Cree'' Pwe !! Pwi !! ''Cree'' Pwi !! colspan=2 | Pwo !! ''Cree'' Pwo !! Pwa !! colspan=2 | ''Cree'' Pwa !! -
|- align="center"
! rowspan=2 | P + long W-vowels
| colspan=2 | - || {{huge|ᐾ}} || {{huge|ᐿ}} || colspan=2 | {{huge|ᑂ}} || {{huge|ᑃ}} || {{huge|ᑆ}} || {{huge|ᑇ}} || {{huge|ᑈ}} || -
|-
! colspan=2 | - !! Pwī !! ''Cree'' Pwī !! colspan=2 | Pwō !! ''Cree'' Pwō !! Pwā !! colspan=2 | ''Cree'' Pwā !! -
|- align="center"
! rowspan=2 | Other P forms
| colspan=2 | - || colspan=2 | - || colspan=2 | {{huge|ᢴ}} || {{huge|ᢶ}} || colspan=3 | - || -
|-
! colspan=2 | - !! colspan=2 | - !! colspan=2 | Poy !! Pwoy !! colspan=3 | - !! -
|}

==Odia Pa==
{{multiple image
| width = 100px
| image1 = Odia letter Pa.svg
| alt1 = Odia independent letter Pa
| image2 = Odia subjoined Pa.svg
| alt2 = Odia subjoined letter Pa
| footer = Odia independent and subjoined letter Pa.
}}

'''Pa''' ('''ପ''') is a consonant of the [[Odia script|Odia]] [[abugida]]. It ultimately arose from the [[Brahmi]] letter [[Image:Brahmi p.svg|13px|P]], via the [[Siddhaṃ script|Siddhaṃ]] letter [[Image:Siddham p.svg|x15px|Pa]] ''Pa''. Like in other Indic scripts, Odia consonants have the inherent vowel "a", and take one of several modifying vowel signs to represent syllables with another vowel or no vowel at all.

{| class=wikitable
|+ Odia Pa with vowel matras
|-
! Pa !! Pā !! Pi !! Pī !! Pu !! Pū !! Pr̥ !! Pr̥̄ !! Pl̥ !! Pl̥̄ !! Pe !! Pai !! Po !! Pau !! P
|-
| {{big|ପ}} || {{big|ପା}} || {{big|ପି}} || {{big|ପୀ}} || {{big|ପୁ}} || {{big|ପୂ}} || {{big|ପୃ}} || {{big|ପୄ}} || {{big|ପୢ}} || {{big|ପୣ}} || {{big|ପେ}} || {{big|ପୈ}} || {{big|ପୋ}} || {{big|ପୌ}} || {{big|ପ୍}}
|}

=== Conjuncts of ପ ===
As is common in Indic scripts, Odia joins letters together to form conjunct consonant clusters. The most common conjunct formation is achieved by using a small subjoined form of trailing consonants. Most consonants' subjoined forms are identical to the full form, just reduced in size, although a few drop the curved headline or have a subjoined form not directly related to the full form of the consonant. The second type of conjunct formation is through pure ligatures, where the constituent consonants are written together in a single graphic form. This ligature may be recognizable as being a combination of two characters or it can have a conjunct ligature unrelated to its constituent characters.

* ମ୍ (m) + ପ (pa) gives the ligature mpa:
[[File:Odia conjunct MPa.svg]]



==References==
{{reflist}}
::{{note|note|note}} Conjuncts are identified by [[IAST]] transliteration, except aspirated consonants are indicated with a superscript "h" to distinguish from an unaspirated cononant + [[Ha (Indic)|Ha]], and the use of the IPA "ŋ" and "ʃ" instead of the less dinstinctive "ṅ" and "ś".

{{Devanagari_abugida}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pa (Indic)}}
[[Category:Indic letters]]

Pa (Indic) - Revision history

TheHH: enhance article also and cleaned formatting

imported>Cewbot: Fix broken anchor: 2020-10-17T20:33:14Z #Middle Brahmi or "Kushana Brahmi" (1st-3rd centuries CE)→Brahmi script#Middle Brahmi or "Kushana Brahmi" (1st–3rd centuries CE)